From 1948 to 2022, the People's Bank of China issued five sets of RMB. The first set of RMB was issued on 1 948 65438+February1day. Because the whole country was not completely liberated at that time, strictly speaking, it was wartime currency.

In fact, the first set of RMB was not issued overnight.

As early as War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time, the revolutionary base areas successively issued currency. In the past, we called the currency issued by banks in Central China's anti-Japanese base areas "anti-currency" and the currencies issued by banks in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region, the Shanxi-Suiyuan border region and the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan border region "border currency".

After the end of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the people's governments in the liberated areas began to unify the currency. For example, Central China Liberated Area recovered the original local currency of various currencies and names and issued Central China currency. Other liberated areas have also taken various measures to unify the currency. However, before the work of unifying the currency was completed, the Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-shek launched a full-scale civil war. At the beginning of the civil war, the Kuomintang army occupied a certain advantage, many liberated areas were occupied by it, and the work of unifying the currency came to an abrupt end.

1In the summer of 947, the field troops of the People's Liberation Army won one major victory after another in various battlefields all over the country, and the liberated areas in East China, North China and Northwest China were linked together, and the liberation war entered the stage of counterattack. However, due to the differences in the types, varieties and prices of currencies in the liberated areas, the trade contact and material exchange in the liberated areas have been hindered, which has brought a lot of trouble to the mobile operations of field troops. Therefore, it is urgent to unify the currency of the liberated areas.

1October 24th, 1947, 10, the Central North China Finance Office was established, and the work of unifying money began. At the end of 1948, the currency of Jinan Bank, Northwest Farmers Bank and Beihai Bank successively became the unified currency of North China, Northwest China, Shandong and Central China Liberated Areas.

In order to meet the needs of the development of the situation and further unify the currency in the liberated areas, the People's Bank of China was established in Shijiazhuang on 1 94865438+February1,and unified RMB was issued at the same time, which was the first set of RMB issued by the People's Bank of China.

The words "China People's Bank" on the first set of RMB were inscribed by Dong, then Chairman of the People's Government of North China. The first wholesale bank had RMB of 10 yuan, 20 yuan and 50 yuan, and then issued RMB of 1 yuan, 5 yuan and 100 yuan.

Since then, all kinds of RMB have been gradually used and circulated in various liberated areas. However, due to the shortage of materials in the war years, unscrupulous businessmen hoarded and speculated, commodity prices soared and the RMB depreciated rapidly, which led to the increasing face value of the newly issued RMB, and it was not until the face value of 50,000 yuan was issued that the circulation demand was met. The first set of RMB was increased from the original version 6 to the version 62.