1, Go is an elegant intellectual game. From ancient times to the present, Go has always been a movement of literati, or mainly an activity of literati. Chyi Chin's calligraphy and painting, chess, ranked second. I don't mean to belittle other chess activities, but the elegance of Go is incomparable to other chess activities. There is no denying that chess is also an intellectual activity in China, but a celebrity said that chess is a popular sport. In ancient China, it was a peasant's sport compared with Go. Go is the pleasure of literati, and chess is the pleasure of vendors. Nowadays, we can often see people, old and young, "killing" a set of chess stalls in the street, but Go can only be seen in chess clubs and living rooms. Chess contributes a lot to the intellectual development of the general public, but Go is obviously by going up one flight of stairs. Go is difficult to learn. Nowadays, if a chess player meets a good first teacher, he will play on the chessboard in 6-8 class hours. Some chess clubs, after studying for twenty or thirty hours, let their children upgrade. But it takes a lot of efforts to really learn something, master the true meaning of Go and enlighten life. We all know that chess is a profound intellectual game, but the computer "Deep Blue" has defeated the top international players in recent years. Because according to the rules of chess, as long as there are enough chess games input into the computer and the computing speed of the computer is fast enough, the human brain can be "defeated". However, the computer and its program that can beat an amateur five paragraphs have not yet come out. Why? On the board of Go, there are 36 1 intersections. For the computer, the placement of the first hand is the calculation of 36 1 factorial, while the placement of the sixth hand is the calculation of 355 factorial. There are so many changes, so there are countless chess games throughout the ages, but it is impossible, or the probability is extremely small, to find two identical chess games. At present, computers have shown advantages in the life and death of Go, but this is a local battle. Facing the chessboard, people not only have accurate calculation, but also have the ability to use fuzzy logic, which is somewhat similar to the sense of chess. In chess, it is often necessary to "abandon one's son" and "take the lead". What to abandon and which to take first is the comprehensive result of calculation, experience, sense of chess and judgment of the opponent's chess path. Go is a "cruel" sport. There is no draw in Go, and every game must be won or lost, which is rare in chess. A game of chess has 36 1 players, and the smallest win or loss is between half orders. That is to say, in the half order of 1444, the final win or loss may come from an opportunity in 1444. This is not only a test of players' computing ability, but also a test of willpower. When the disk is backward, we should try to pull it back step by step. In chess and chess, you can try to make peace when you are backward, backward and weak, but in the black-and-white world, you are either dead or alive. No lucky draw, no peace strategy. One false move may lose the game. Even in the closing stage, victory is in sight, but it may be regretted because of the extremely weak efficiency calculation error of one-third of the projects. The variety is endless, so it is fun; Extremely cruel, so there is a tragedy of "tearing buttons" and "nosebleeds"! By the way, in the case of "three robberies and samsara", Go has a draw. But if it is not intentional, the probability of the "three-robbery cycle" is only one in hundreds of thousands. More than 20 years ago, there were two Go teams playing chess, and in the last round, there was a "three-robbery cycle". At this time, the coaches of the two teams are shaking hands to celebrate, and the tricks are obvious. 4. Go has great inclusiveness and philosophical significance. This topic seems profound and mysterious, but it is actually very simple. Chess contains the oriental philosophy of China's feudal society. You see, the chessboard is spread out, and the characters, photos, taxis, cars, horses and guns are lined up in a row, taking their positions. Hierarchical, clear responsibilities. Jun Jun chenchen, father, son and son, can't cross the line. As far as computers are concerned, the strength coefficient of each child has been determined, and the way of thinking and action (rules) of each child has been determined. Brave pawns are rewarded after crossing the river, but they can also act recklessly, while pawns with low status are usually used as chips. The so-called "losing a pawn to protect a car" is sometimes not spared. The same is true of chess, only with more rewards. Go is not. Every child in the chess box is equal in status, that is, equal in status, before it begins. Their strength (function) lies in the position of the players. If the position is right, the component will be high (there are many meshes, and the efficiency of this game is higher), and if the position is not good, the component will be low. It is very fair that the first hand is close to the eye, and the last one is the use of each force. This is true both locally and globally. I don't know how this concept of equality came into being in ancient China with strict hierarchy. This kind of philosophical meaning may not be felt by chess players and parents, and it may not be clear to the lower-level Go teachers, but the thinking logic of Go contains this kind of philosophical meaning. Once you play Go to a certain extent, you may find this "taste" on your body, hehe. Because of the rules of Go, the basic chess theory and strategic thought of Go (with special formula) have been formed. There are different ways to play chess, such as size, urgency, seizing the land, abandoning the child, thirty-six strategies, Sun Tzu's art of war and so on. There are common mysteries in chess. If a chess boy masters some chess theories, it will be of great benefit to his children's growth; If a chess boy learns to play chess to a certain extent, it will become a precious asset for his children's life. Chyi Chin's calligraphy and painting are four ancient cultures and arts in China, among which chess refers to Go, which has been integrated into the history of Chinese civilization for thousands of years along with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.

Weiqi has a long history, and there are many legends about its origin. It is generally believed that Go originated from Emperor Yao. Zhang Hua of the Jin Dynasty said, "Yao sent me to teach." He also mentioned that Shun thought his son was not very clever and wise, and he also became a Go teacher. The Postscript to the History of the Road in the Song Dynasty said that Yao married Fu and gave birth to a son. Yao went to the bank of Fenshui and saw two immortals sitting on a green cypress, drawing sand as the road and taking black and white ranks as the picture. When the emperor asked all about the skills, a fairy said, "Dani is good at fighting, but stupid, so you should do what you like and relax yourself." He pointed to the stone on the sand road and said, "This is called chess, also called Go. Chess is quiet, chess is round, the world is self-reliant, and there is no solution in the world. " (See Fairy Mirror of Past Dynasties). I learned Go from Yao, and it is said that he has really improved. It can be seen that the ancient man-made Go is not a game for winning or losing, but for cultivating sentiment, cultivating self-cultivation, increasing wisdom and expressing artistic conception, which is also related to the changes of natural phenomena, the strategy of the art of war and the way of governing the country.

From Zuozhuan, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and other books, it is not difficult to know that Weiqi was widely popular in China during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Weiqi had an unprecedented development. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty specially set up an official position for Weiqi players, which was called "chess for imperial edict" and had nine official ranks. Together with "painting for imperial edict" and "book for imperial edict", it belonged to Hanlin, so it was also collectively called "Hanlin".

Some modern Weiqi masters believe that Weiqi chessboard symbolizes the universe and consists of 360 celestial bodies, while Weiqi chessboard consists of 19 vertical 19 horizontal 36 1 chess points. The extra central point Tianyuan is Taiji, which represents the center of the universe. In the old calendar, the number of 360 items was the number of days in a year. Divide this into four corners: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Albinism and sunspots are day and night, thus symbolizing heaven and earth.

Judging from the black and white dot layout of the river map at the head of Zhouyi and the Luo Shu at the head of Zhouyi, Weiqi may also have some origin with them. It is said that the facial effect of Go is Luoshu, 36 1 intersection, 8 azimuth stars, and 72 intersections around it correspond to 360 days, gossip and 72 phases. The chess pieces are oblate, convex on the top and flat on the bottom, divided into black and white, symbolizing yin and yang. The chess classics of the Northern and Southern Dynasties found in the stone chambers of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province also contain "361 pieces, imitating the degree of Sunday."

From the practitioner's point of view, Go, like Zhouyi, Hetu, Luoshu and Bagua, is not a culture created by this period of human civilization, but a prehistoric culture, which is actually a culture handed down from God to mankind. No wonder there is a folk saying that "this thing should only exist in the sky". Another example is "Li Xuan Man Yan": "The beginning of Go is an inhuman thing: it begins with the orange of Baqiong and begins with the tomb of Zhou Muwang; After the stone chamber, there is also Shangshan, which is the instrument of the fairy family. "

Weiqi has a simple form, only black and white pieces, and simple rules, but its mystery is incomparable to any other chess. Weiqi has only 36 1 chess points, but it changes endlessly. If you count the changes of a chess shape in one second, it will take hundreds of millions of years to count all the chess shapes. When talking about the variables of Go in Meng Qian Bi Tan, Shen Kuo said, "About 43 words in a row is the number of games." It's 36 1 power, and 43 million here doesn't mean 430 thousand. So "there is no same game through the ages." Statement.

Weiqi is profound and mysterious, beyond the wisdom of human beings. As a culture left by God, many emperors, generals, literati and ordinary people have enjoyed its clothes throughout the ages, and have also deduced many legendary stories, beautiful poems, and even the algorithm of military writing and the strategy of governing the country, which has become a wonderful flower in the history of Chinese civilization.