After the North China Incident, the national disaster was unprecedented. China's * * * production party issued a call to stop the civil war and unite against Japan, which promoted the climax of the national anti-Japanese and national salvation movement. Students in Beiping, who are at the forefront of national defense, feel bitterly that "North China is too big to put a quiet desk". 1935 At the turn of spring and summer, the Commissioner of Hebei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China arrived in Beiping, and set up a temporary working committee of the Communist Party of China composed of others, and appointed Zhou to be responsible for the work of Beiping Branch of China National Armed Self-Defense Committee. Under the leadership of Beiping Temporary Working Committee, Beiping Student Union was established in June 1935+065438+ 10/8. Subsequently, the Federation of Students decided to launch an anti-Japanese and national salvation action by petition. On February 6th, Beiping 65438 and 15 School issued a declaration, opposing "anti-* * * autonomy" in North China, demanding that the Kuomintang government crusade against Yin Rugeng, announcing its foreign policy toward Japan, mobilizing the whole country to resist the enemy, and effectively opening up people's freedom of speech, association and assembly. At this time, news came that the Jicha government affairs committee would be established on February 9th, 65438. The Beijing Federation of Students decided to hold a petition for resisting Japan and saving the nation on this day. On February 7, 65438, Beiping Student Union held a meeting of representatives of all schools, and agreed on the assembly time, action route and slogan of the petition procession. After the meeting, students' self-governments in various schools will nervously mobilize preparations. On February 9, 65438, the wind was cold and dripping into ice. Under the organization and command of jing wong, Yao Yilin, Guo and other * * * party member, patriotic students who participated in the anti-Japanese and national salvation petition parade poured into the streets. At the forefront of the team are students from Northeastern University, China University, Beiping Normal University and No.1 Middle School for Women. The police authorities knew in advance that students were going to petition and March, so they issued martial law in the early morning and set up sentries in some streets. Tsinghua University, yenching university and other students outside the city were stopped by the police in Xizhimen and clashed with them. At about 10 in the morning, one or two thousand students in the city broke through the police and gathered in front of Xinhua. They shouted "stop the civil war and unite with the outside world!" "Down with Japanese imperialism!" "Oppose the autonomy of five provinces in North China!" "Recover the lost land in Northeast China!" "Down with traitors and traitors!" "Armed to defend North China!" Slogans, etc. Expressed the voice of the people of the whole country to resist Japan and save the country. Schools temporarily elected Dong Yuhua, Yu Gang and other 12 representatives to submit a petition to He, acting chairman of the Military Commission of the Kuomintang government, and put forward six requirements: 1. Oppose the establishment of anti-autonomy committees and similar organizations in North China; Second, oppose all secret negotiations between China and Japan and immediately announce the foreign policy to deal with the current crisis; Third, guarantee people's freedom of speech, assembly and publication; Fourth, stop the civil war and immediately prepare for a foreign self-defense war; 5. Do not arbitrarily arrest people; 6. Release the arrested students immediately. He Qin Ying avoided it. The petition failed and the crowd became angry. The school representative immediately decided to turn to the demonstration. The team started from Xinhuamen, passed Xidan and Xisi, then rushed to Shanghai Beach and Dongdan, and then held a student meeting in Tiananmen Square. Along the way, from time to time, students from law schools and medical schools of Peking University, China-France University, Peking University and other large and medium-sized schools rushed out of the military police to join the parade, and the team gradually expanded to five or six thousand people. During the parade, students preached the truth of resisting Japan and saving the country to the people along the street, distributed leaflets and won applause and support from the people. When the vanguard troops of the parade arrived at Wangfujing Street and their tails had not left Wang Hongbin, a large number of policemen were holding broadswords, wooden sticks and hoses against unarmed patriotic students. Patriotic students are not afraid of violence, and the team continues to move forward. At this time, the police opened the water pipe, and the cold water column was sprayed on the students, and then they were beaten with whips, gun grips and wooden sticks. The students fought bravely with the military police, and 100 people were injured. The procession was dispersed. 12 10, major schools in Beiping issued a joint declaration announcing a general strike from now on. The specific objectives of the attack are: first, to fight to the death with puppet organizations that split China's territorial sovereignty; Second, diplomacy against surrender; Third, ask the whole country to mobilize against Japan; Fourth, strive for national salvation and freedom. Call on all walks of life in the country to respond immediately and act in concert. The authorities are required to immediately release the arrested students and withdraw the military police who blocked the school. On the same day, the Peiping Federation of Students published the "Propaganda Outline", pointing out that under the current situation, we must first overthrow Japanese imperialism, oppose the brutal civil war that endangers the survival of the nation, and oppose all policies and actions that betray the interests of the nation. It is emphasized that to realize the freedom and liberation of the Chinese nation, we must unite the people of the whole country and form a United front. During the strike, students in all schools established and improved their own organizations. Peking University established the Students' Salvation Association and issued a declaration against the establishment of the Jicha Government Affairs Committee. Students from Tsinghua University, yenching university and other schools organize symposiums, literary clubs and propaganda teams to carry out anti-Japanese and national salvation activities. From 65438+February 1 1, student patriotic rallies, demonstrations and demonstrations broke out in large and medium-sized cities such as Tianjin, Baoding, Taiyuan, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Chongqing. Many large and medium-sized schools, trade unions and other organizations have sent letters and telegrams to Peiping students to support their patriotic actions. Under the specific leadership of the Beijing Temporary Working Committee, the Beiping Federation of Students studied and formulated a plan to organize a larger demonstration in time. On February 4th, 65438, Beiping Daily published the news that the Kuomintang authorities were scheduled to set up the Jicha Government Affairs Committee on February 6th, 65438. The Beiping Students' Federation decided to hold another demonstration on this day, which pushed the students' anti-Japanese and national salvation movement to a new climax. 12 16 in the morning, students from various schools in Beiping were divided into four brigades, led by Northeastern University, China University, Peking University and Tsinghua University, and held a massive demonstration. The total number of students involved exceeds 1000. They held high the school flag and shouted "Oppose the specialization of North China!" "oppose the establishment of a government Committee!" Wait for the banner and walk to the overpass. At about 1 1 in the morning, students and citizens gathered in Tianqiao Square held a rally. Jing wong, head of the parade headquarters, stood on a tram and delivered an impassioned speech, leading the crowd to shout slogans. The Congress passed eight resolutions, opposing the Jicha Government Affairs Committee and any pseudo-organization in North China, demanding to stop the civil war, unite with the outside world, recover the lost land in Northeast China, and strive for anti-Japanese and patriotic freedom. After the rally, the procession rushed to the diplomatic building at the mouth of Dongjiaomin Lane, where the Jicha Government Affairs Committee was scheduled to be established, and held a general demonstration. The motorcade went to the front door and was stopped by a large number of police and security teams. After repeated representations by student representatives, the military and police allowed the parade to enter the inner city in batches from Qianmen and Xuanwu Gate. In Xuanwumen, patriotic students were brutally suppressed by thousands of military and police, twenty or thirty people were arrested and nearly 400 people were injured. The anti-Japanese and national salvation demonstrations of Peiping students dealt a heavy blow to the traitorous activities of the Kuomintang government and forced the establishment of the Jicha government committee to be postponed. The December 29th Movement won the support and response of the people of the whole country. Patriotic students in Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Xi, Kaifeng, Jinan, Taiyuan, Changsha, Guilin, Chongqing and other cities held petitions and demonstrations, or issued declarations and sent electricity to support the patriotic actions of students in Beiping. The Students' Federation of the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area also sent a response message, and people from all walks of life in the Soviet Area gathered to support the students' anti-Japanese and national salvation movements all over the country. 12 18, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions published "To Workers and Students' National Salvation Campaign" in Beiping, calling on male and female workers from all walks of life and factories to get up and convene a mass meeting, issue a declaration, electrify to protest against traitors and traitors in North China, and kill and arrest patriotic students. On February 2, 65438+KLOC-0, Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions sent a telegram in support of Peiping students, calling on all compatriots in China to unite and gather the strength of the whole nation, opposing the existence of any pseudo-organization, safeguarding sovereignty and defending the country. Guangzhou railway workers, Shanghai Post and railway workers held a rally to demand a declaration of war against Japan. Patriotic celebrities such as Lu Xun and Soong Ching Ling praised patriotic students' heroic struggle spirit and donated money to support students' anti-Japanese national salvation movement. Overseas Chinese also support patriotic students in various ways. The December 29th Movement widely publicized China's anti-Japanese proposition of stopping the civil war and uniting with foreign countries, which set off a new upsurge of the national anti-Japanese national salvation movement.
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