1, root: the fundamental opposition between the United States and the Soviet Union in social system and ideology.
2. The United States and the Soviet Union lost the foundation of their wartime alliance, and their relations gradually deteriorated.
The United States has established a global strategy to dominate the world, while the Soviet Union is trying to expand its influence in the world.
Basic characteristics: containing communism and not resorting to war.
The meaning of "Iron Curtain" in the "Iron Curtain" speech: the socialist countries in Eastern Europe.
1, Truman Doctrine (proposed in 1947)
Content: The United States will fight against the Soviet Union and communism all over the world.
② Essence: contain communism and interfere in other countries' internal affairs.
③ Symbol: It marks the official start of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.
2. Marshall Plan (also known as European Recovery Plan)
Attention (Marshall Plan excludes the Soviet Union and the socialist countries in Eastern Europe from the scope of aid)
The fundamental purpose: to stabilize the capitalist system in western Europe and control western Europe by economic means.
② Marshall Plan is the continuation and expansion of Truman's attention.
③ Countermeasures adopted by the Soviet Union: The Soviet Union and Eastern European countries set up a "common economic association".
3. Berlin crisis
① It was the first climax of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.
On the surface, it is a contest between the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union, but in fact it is a contest between two social systems.
4. The establishment of NATO (1949)
① Nature: It is a military and political organization.
② The fundamental purpose: to control Western Europe by military means.
③ Countermeasures adopted by the Soviet Union: 1955, the Warsaw Pact was established.
④ The establishment of the Warsaw Pact in1955 marked the final formation of the bipolar confrontation pattern between the United States and the Soviet Union.
The historical influence of the cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union
1. The cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union divided the world into two parts.
2. The United States and the Soviet Union confronted each other in an all-round way, engaged in an arms race, and placed the world under the threat of peace and war.
3. The United States and the Soviet Union are evenly matched and dare not use troops easily, so that a new world war has not broken out for half a century.
4. The United States and the Soviet Union competed for spheres of influence and interfered in other countries' internal affairs, which seriously undermined world peace.