At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu dug three canals: Xu Xi, Hangou and Huanggou. After the excavation of Xu Xi is completed, Wu people can start from Taihu Lake in the east and follow Xuxihe River in the west, then turn to the Yangtze River near Wuhu today, cross the Yangtze River again, go north to Chaohu Lake along Zhashui, and enter Huaishui in the north. Fu Cha was the last king of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and his canal digging played a pioneering role. He is the digger of the "first shovel" of the Grand Canal.

The opening of the Grand Canal in Sui and Tang Dynasties was formed on the basis of local canals. Without the excavation of local canals, there would be no foundation for the opening of the Grand Canal in Sui and Tang Dynasties. During the separatist period, the local government dug some local canals for most of them, which objectively prepared for the Sui and Tang Grand Canal.

Guangtong Canal (also known as Fumin Canal and Yongji Canal) opened by Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty was actually a dredging of rivers in the Han Dynasty. In the fourth year of Huang Kai (584), Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty used the ditches left by the Han Dynasty to order Yuwen Kai to lead the water conservancy project to open Guangtong Canal (also known as Fumin Canal and Yongji Canal), which is located in the south of Weihe River, near Nanshan, Tongguan in the east and connected with the Yellow River. In the seventh year of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty (587), it was ordered to open blasphemy, which was Wu's old road of Hangou.

The Extended Information Grand Canal has a history of more than 65,438+0,200 years as an important channel for water transportation in China. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, the canals in northeast Shandong were silted up. In the fifth year of Daoguang (1825), the grain and rice in the south of the Yangtze River were transported to Tianjin by sea and then to Beijing. 19 1 1 year, the Jin-Pu Railway was opened to traffic, and the Grand Canal was gradually abandoned. By 1949, the river sections and the middle canal in Shandong Province were no longer navigable.

The water level of the Li Canal is unstable, and it often breaks its banks and causes disasters. 1949, the Li Canal was comprehensively improved, locks and sluices were built, and new rivers were opened to separate rivers from lakes. The south section of Liyun River opened a new waterway from Wapu to Liuwei Port, which shortened the voyage with Jiangnan Canal. The canal has also been expanded and rebuilt.

In order to facilitate the transportation of Xuzhou coal to the south, a new waterway was built on the west side of Weishan Lake. Jiangnan Canal first entered the river from Zhenjiang City. Because the river is narrow and shallow, it was changed from Jianbikou to Jiangkou, where a large ship lock was built to control the water level.

As the traffic artery between the north and the south, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has played a great role in making money for half a day and knowing that this is the way to go. The navigation of the canal has promoted the rapid development of coastal cities.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-grand canal