First, at the beginning of the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation and the victory of the Northern Expedition, China did not advocate cooperation with other classes and political parties due to historical conditions. A major resolution of the party clearly stipulates that the party should adopt an independent policy to safeguard the interests of the proletariat and not establish any ties with other parties. However, in the later struggle, our party gradually realized that the enemy of the China revolution is extremely powerful, and the strength of the proletariat is still very weak. It is not enough to defeat the powerful enemy by relying solely on the strength of the proletariat, so we must win all possible allies. 1On February 7th, 923, the the Communist Party of China (CPC)-led Jing-Han railway strike was suppressed. The early party woke up from this bloody lesson and realized the necessity of establishing a revolutionary United front, so it proposed to establish a United front with the Kuomintang to resist the common enemy. At the same time, the Kuomintang headed by Sun Yat-sen was frustrated many times in the struggle with the northern warlords, and its strength gradually weakened. The Kuomintang's internal composition is complex, its organization is loose, and its strength is not as good as before. 1922 In June, Sun Yat-sen's beloved Chen Jiongming staged a coup in Guangzhou and shelled the presidential palace. Sun Yat-sen had no choice but to abscond, but in the end he could not establish himself in Guangzhou and had to take refuge in Shanghai. This incident dealt a great blow to Sun Yat-sen and made him lose hope in the old Kuomintang. In order to save the Kuomintang, Sun Yat-sen believed that fresh blood should be absorbed. In his view, * * * is a new force. In this way, there is a basis for cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. However, the two sides still have differences on how to cooperate. * * * advocates non-party cooperation, but Sun Yat-sen advocates inner-party cooperation. Finally, under the strong persuasion of the Comintern and on the premise that Sun Yat-sen reorganized the Kuomintang, * * * agreed to join the Kuomintang in his own name. 1924, the first national congress of the Kuomintang was held, which marked the official realization of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Since then, the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party has done many great things. First, the establishment of the Whampoa Military Academy finally enabled the Kuomintang to have its own armed forces, and at the same time trained many outstanding military talents for the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. For example, Xu, Chen Geng and Liu Zhidan in * * * are all students of Whampoa Military Academy. Secondly, in July 1926, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party launched the Northern Expedition against warlords Wu and Zhang. At that time, the military strength of the Northern Expeditionary Army was relatively weak, and there was a great disparity between the enemy and ourselves, but it was supported by the people and had strong combat effectiveness. Especially the fourth regiment led by Ye Ting, a man of * * *, is known as the "Tiejun". 1928, Zhang Xueliang announced that the flag in Northeast China was changed, the Northern Expedition ended, and the National Government unified the whole country. The first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the victory of the Northern Expedition War were the first achievements made by the Communist Party of China (CPC). Second, the second cooperation between Kuomintang and Communist Party and the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Because Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei betrayed the revolution successively, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party finally broke down. However, after the "September 18th Incident", Japan stepped up its aggression against China, and the national crisis became increasingly serious. China once again proposed to establish an anti-Japanese national united front in cooperation with the Kuomintang to jointly fight against Japanese imperialist aggression. The party's policy has also changed from "opposing Chiang Kai-shek and resisting Japan" to "forcing Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan" and then to "uniting Chiang Kai-shek and resisting Japan". 1936 12 February 12, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched the An Incident, which forced Jiang to resist Japan and became a turning point in Kuomintang-Communist cooperation. After the Xi incident, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China determined the policy of peaceful settlement of this incident, and through the efforts of all parties, forced Chiang Kai-shek to accept the conditions of "stopping the suppression of the Communist Party" and "uniting with * * * to resist Japan". The peaceful settlement of the Xi incident promoted the new cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the establishment of the anti-Japanese national United front. Since then, the political situation in China has changed into the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. In the early days of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, patriotic officers and men of Kuomintang fought bravely against Japanese invaders. For example, in the Shanghai Defence War, the Kuomintang army invested 700,000 troops, the Japanese army suffered more than 40,000 casualties, and the Kuomintang army suffered more than 65,438+10,000 casualties. There is also fierce fighting in Taierzhuang. Therefore, it is not in line with historical facts to say that the Kuomintang does not resist Japan. However, after the Anti-Japanese War entered the stalemate stage, the Japanese army stepped up the work of luring and surrendering the Kuomintang. On the one hand, Wang Jingwei betrayed the country and defected to the enemy; On the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek began to passively resist Japan and actively oppose the Communist Party, thus creating the Southern Anhui Incident. In the face of the anti-communist activities of the Kuomintang, it was proposed that * * * should break with the Kuomintang. However, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adheres to the anti-Japanese national United front, proceeding from the overall situation, and uniting all forces that can be United to jointly resist Japan. During this period, the people of China, led by Mao Zedong, summed up historical experience and understood the laws of China's democratic revolution, and Mao Zedong Thought gradually matured. On this basis, the unprecedented unity of the whole party was achieved, the revolutionary forces were strengthened, and finally the Japanese aggressors were defeated and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression won. This is a national war in which the people of China have won a complete victory against foreign aggression in the past century. However, the people of China have also made great sacrifices, with 35 million military and civilian casualties, 654.38 billion US dollars in direct economic losses and 500 billion US dollars in indirect losses. At the same time, China * * * is also growing in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Party member has grown to more than 6,543.8+2,000 people, the people's army has also grown to more than 6,543.8+0,000 people, and the anti-Japanese base area has reached 6,543.8+0,000 square kilometers with a population of nearly 65.438+0 billion. The realization of the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression were the second glory of China. Three, the victory of the war of liberation and the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, China's fate faced two choices. First, the Communist Party of China (CPC) represents the interests of the broad masses of people and strives to build an independent, democratic and prosperous new China through peaceful means. Second, the Kuomintang ruling clique attempted to exercise autocratic rule. In order to buy time to prepare for the civil war, Chiang Kai-shek invited Mao Zedong to Chongqing for negotiations on August 3. In order to strive for peace and democracy, Mao Zedong resolutely went to Chongqing for negotiations, which aroused strong repercussions at home and abroad. Liu Yazi, a well-known democrat at that time, praised Mao Zedong's behavior of coming to Chongqing for negotiations regardless of his personal safety as "great courage". During the Chongqing negotiations, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party signed an armistice agreement, but this was only Chiang Kai-shek's plan to slow down the troops. When he was ready, he mobilized troops to attack the northeast on a large scale and set off a civil war. At this time, the Kuomintang had 4.3 million troops, supported by the United States, while * * * only had more than 654.38+100,000 people, and the strength of the two sides was very different. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek threatened to destroy the * * * organization within six months. On the other hand, * * * politically United all those who could be United, established a larger people's democratic and revolutionary United front, voluntarily evacuated some cities and regions militarily, concentrated superior forces, focused on mobile warfare, and annihilated the enemy one by one, crushing the all-round attack of the Kuomintang reactionaries, which greatly changed the forces of the enemy and ourselves in favor of our army and created extremely favorable conditions for turning to strategic offensive. 1948 September 8 to 18 September 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting of the Political Bureau in Xibaipo, and made a strategic decisive battle decision according to the changes in the balance of forces between the enemy and ourselves. Since then, the victories of the three major battles have put the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang in a desperate situation. 1949 On New Year's Day, Chiang Kai-shek issued a peace statement, fantasizing about playing with a peace plot again in order to gain breathing time and make a comeback. At the same time, Mao Zedong also delivered a New Year's message entitled "Carry the Revolution through to the End", which mentioned: "It is advisable to take advantage of the situation to pursue the poor bandits, not to pursue fame and seek fame, and learn from the overlord". In the same year, on June 65438+1October 2 1, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to announce his "retirement" and Li Zongren became acting president. Li Zongren claimed to be willing to accept the eight conditions of the Chinese Communist Party. However, after 15 days of negotiations, the Kuomintang finally refused to sign the domestic peace agreement and the negotiations went bankrupt. From: Shandong Youth 20 16 09