China is located in the east of the Asian continent, adjacent to many land countries. From the perspective of geopolitics, the goal of China's geostrategy is to attach importance to harmony, win-win cooperation, respect the sovereignty of all countries, handle geopolitics on the principle of equality and mutual benefit, and avoid strategic misjudgment.

According to the theory of international relations, once the power gap between countries becomes smaller, countries with similar strength will feel less secure. If there are concrete and realistic conflicts between the two countries, they can hardly cooperate effectively. For China, there are deep-rooted suspicions with Russia, realistic border conflicts with India, and disputes with Japan on the Diaoyu Islands and many aspects of regional affairs. The security situation in Asia is not optimistic.

Extended data:

China's geographical position is indeed a "land of four wars". China is located in the center of the East Asian continent, with Russia in the northeast and north, India, which has been competing with China, in the west, and ASEAN, which is deeply worried about the rise of China in the south, especially Indonesia, which has a tradition of rejecting China. The Malacca Strait, the lifeline of transportation resources, is in the hands of Singapore. Further east, Japan ... and on the other side of the ocean, the United States is doing its best to stop the rise of China.

China should develop its own naval forces while maintaining a large army. China has a long coastline, but China's coastal defense needs to be strengthened. After the cold war, the interests of China and Russia are relatively consistent. 1996 established a "strategic partnership" and signed a good-neighborly treaty of friendship and cooperation in 2002. China and Russia can be said to have a common language in opposing the US missile defense system. China and Russia are adjacent and share common interests, which is undoubtedly beneficial.

As for Sino-Indian relations, although they have eased, it is difficult for both sides to shake off the shadow of border disputes, and India's ambition to establish hegemony in South Asia is not in China's interest. The approach of US-India relations is undoubtedly to use India to contain China. China and Japan are close neighbors, with complicated historical relations and direct conflicts of real interests. The United States regards Japan as a pillar ally in the Asian region and restricts China through the so-called security treaty.

In this case, China's geopolitical environment can be summarized in eight words: strong enemies are treading on thin ice. Moderate, cautious and firm diplomacy is a long-term requirement of geopolitical environment.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Geopolitics