I used to go to school, but now I am on a business trip. As long as I am from Cangzhou, my friends will always ask: Cangzhou, I know where Lin Chong has been sent. Um ... .

I mentioned this question in my previous answer, so I will repeat it here.

Let's talk about Lin Chong being sent to Cangzhou. Shi Naian old man rewrote this passage with thick ink:

Gao Qiu framed Lin Chong, sent him to Cangzhou and told him to kill him on the way. Lu learned that Lin Chong had been stabbed and worried that he would miss something on the way. He escorted Lin Chong to Cangzhou before leaving.

It can be said that a Water Margin has made Cangzhou famous all over the world, and it also reminds people that Cangzhou is still desolate, its martial arts are brought by criminals, and its tough folk customs are left by ancient criminals. I want to refute this. In the Song Dynasty, Hainan Island and Shandong Shamen Island were specially designated for felons. As for Lin Chong's being sent to Cangzhou, it was actually purely invented by a novelist. Neither official history nor unofficial history recorded that Cangzhou was a place to escort prisoners. But when this "unwarranted" hat is put on, the psychological truth becomes the historical truth. Incredibly, many Cangzhou people don't know this themselves. They often say to outsiders, "You know Cangzhou, beat the four forests and onions and send them to that place!" " Um ... This also shows that the power of culture is even more terrible than that of the army.

Finally, I want to say that no matter how beautiful the Water Margin is, it can also be read as a novel, not a history, not a real thing.

At the same time, Damei Cangzhou welcomes friends from all over the country to study, play, work and start businesses.

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I was sprayed with the answer yesterday. Khan, some people say that I washed white for Cangzhou. What's the use of washing white? Cangzhou City is here, and friends can come and play at any time. Forget the swearing. What about quality? I just show my opinion according to the information I checked, and what is wrong can be corrected.

Some people say that in Song Dynasty, Cangzhou was the border of Song and Liao Dynasties, so they sent prisoners to Cangzhou to serve as soldiers to defend the border. Cangzhou is close to the Song-Liao border, but it is not the Song-Liao border. It is nearly 350 miles away from the nearest border gate, Yijinguan, which is today's Bazhou. Moreover, these places in Bazhou, Xiongxian County still retain the sites of military facilities such as battlefield roads built in the Song Dynasty. Where is the site of military facilities in Cangzhou?

Moreover, prisoners must be sent to barren and desolate places, but Cangzhou is not as desolate as Shuihu said. Song Dynasty is the richest dynasty in history, and it practiced the system of salt introduction. Salt tax is an important part of tax revenue in Song Dynasty. There are 12 large-scale saltworks in Yanshan, with an annual output of five or six thousand bales each, each with a net weight of 578 kg. The total area of the saltworks is 65,438+0,628 hectares and 33 mu. In the Song Dynasty, there was a saying that "every family cooks salt". Regardless of whether we are rich or not, it is definitely not as desolate as described in the Water Margin. Before the Yuan Dynasty, the economy in the south was not as good as that in the north, and it was a real wild land. For example, Su Shi was exiled to Hainan Island.

Therefore, I think that sending Cangzhou is just the words of an old gentleman in Shi Naian's novels. You can say it with a smile, but don't take it seriously. There is no historical record of sending prisoners in both ancient Cangzhou and present Cangzhou. The famous Lin Chong doesn't exist in historical records, and he is also a fictional character. If you don't like your personal opinion, don't spray it.

First of all, I want to say yes, it's in Dongguan, 20 kilometers east of Cangzhou, also known as Jiuzhou, where the Iron Lion is located. This is the story of the Song Dynasty. Water Margin is a novel, but in the Song Dynasty, Cangzhou was indeed a border. Liulang of Yang Jiajiang guards the border crossing of lying bull market in northern Cangzhou. Cangzhou people used to practice martial arts. Why do they have this habit? Why did the old country exist? I'll talk about it here.

In Song Dynasty, Cangzhou was the old state. Later, the State of Jin occupied Cangzhou, and the Yuan Dynasty destroyed it. The capital of the Yuan Dynasty is now in Beijing, and the Ming Dynasty is below the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang drove the Yuan Dynasty out of the north of the Great Wall and enfeoffed his descendants. Judy, the prince of Yan, was sent to present-day Beijing, and Zhu Yuanzhang established his capital in Nanjing. Only then did the prince arise and met with stubborn resistance in Cangzhou, and the people of the whole city. The common people picked up sticks and fought with the prince's military forces. As a result, the prince slaughtered the city, leaving only a dozen families in Cangzhou city. The prince ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, and moved to Shanxi, and Cangzhou moved 40 miles west, which is now Cangzhou City. Compared with the new city, the old city is old, and that's how the old state came about.

Why do Cangzhou people have the habit of practicing martial arts? This is related to people's lifestyle at that time. The land in Cangzhou is mostly saline-alkali land, and the food supply is insufficient. In order to survive and practice martial arts, some of them joined the escort agency, some were guarded by bodyguards of large families, and some became bandits who blocked roads and robbed. As the saying goes, one side leaves the other alive. I have studied it specially, and when I went to Shandong, I also studied why they want to eat pancakes. They are all different lifestyles.

I had the same question before. Cangzhou is not far from the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, nor is it a desolate place. Why should a water margin be sent to Cangzhou?

In fact, to understand this problem, we must first understand two points: first, whether Shi Naian, the author of Water Margin, has enough geographical knowledge; 2. What was the territory of the Song Dynasty at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty? Let's talk about the first point: Shi Naian (about1296-about 1370), formerly known as Yanduan, whose real name is Zhao Rui, Shonago An, and his nickname is Naian. A native of Xinghua, Taizhou, born in Suzhou, the son of Zhou people, was born in Baiju Town, Xinghua (now Dafeng District, Yancheng City). /kloc-entered the private school at the age of 0/3,/kloc-Jinshi at the age of 0/9, Jinshi at the age of 29 and Jinshi at the age of 35. Between the ages of 35 and 40, I worked as an official in Qiantang for two years, but later I didn't agree with the current situation and returned to Suzhou. Zheng Zheng was 60 years old in the 16th year (1356), and Zhang Shicheng was recruited by Sue. He befriended Bian and Zhang Shicheng, and then moved to Jiangyin to teach in Zhutang Town. 7/kloc-moved to Xinghua at the age of 0 or 72, and moved to Baijuchang and Shijiaqiao. Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly refused to levy; Finally, I lived in Huai 'an at the age of 74. This book is Water Margin, one of the four classical novels. As can be seen from the above resume of Shi Naian, Shi Naian has never been to Cangzhou, or even to Hebei. With the level of social productivity at that time, I believe he had never seen a map of the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty (he lived in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, about 200 years away from the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty). Therefore, there is the chapter "Forest Wind Snow Mountain Temple" in Water Margin. There are no mountains within 200 kilometers of Fiona Fang, Cangzhou. The nearest mountain is in Jinan, Shandong. Where did the mountain temple come from? It can be seen that when the author created literature, he did not focus on geographical issues for textual research, and was sent to Cangzhou, so he can have reasonable doubts.

Let's talk about the second point first. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, where was Cangzhou in the territory of the Northern Song Dynasty?

Interested friends can click on this map to enlarge. At that time, Cangzhou was on the border of Song and Liao Dynasties. So, is it too incomprehensible to be sent to Cangzhou?

It should be emphasized that the ancient ruins of Cangzhou are near the present old state, about 20 kilometers east of Cangzhou, which is not the position to govern Cangzhou now. Cangzhou area has been inhabited by our ancestors since ancient times. During the Warring States Period, it was located at the junction of Qilu, Zhao Yan and other countries. It is a rich place, not as desolate and remote as everyone thinks. At present, Cangzhou's gross national product ranks third in Hebei province, second only to Tangshan and Shijiazhuang, and ranks in the country, and is also in the position of 50 or 60, making it one of the top 100 cities in China.

To sum up, it is indeed possible to send prisoners to Cangzhou, as stated in Water Margin. After all, Cangzhou was at the Song-Liao border and was at the forefront of military confrontation. Sending prisoners to the front of the military is the practice of past dynasties, but it may also be invented by the author. After all, where to send the prisoner is not the main problem in the creation of the work. But it is by no means because Cangzhou is desolate.

There is no second Cangzhou in the country, and the counties that can be checked are also from the Northern Wei Dynasty, with a long history. There are a few questions. First, is Cangzhou a place where rabbits don't shit? To be sure, because this place does not grow food, it is saline-alkali land, but there are long grass and reeds. Both the old city and the old state are small. There is a horse farm in the north of Cangzhou, which is vast and sparsely populated. Some people say that fewer people are worse than alkali. I tell you, there is an iron lion in Cangzhou, which weighs several thousand pounds. Iron used to be very expensive, and these scrap irons are also valuable. How much does it cost to cast such an iron lion? Who wants to build an expensive lion on barren land, who will be blessed, saline-alkali land? Obviously not, it shows that this place has wealth, that is, the salt that the government wants to control. It is not poor, but it is remote, sparsely populated and rich in forage. Reed tip is a good feed and can also be used as fuel. It is a military material, which is ideal as a logistics support for horse farms and troops. Salt, forage and horses are all necessities of war, as important as food. Lin Chong is a soldier sent, not a common people. It is the most reasonable to come to Cangzhou. Some people say there is no official history. That's because Lin Chong is unqualified and an ordinary criminal. Is history worth recording? Lin Chong was sent to Cangzhou, and the description is very reasonable in both novels and history. One more thing, there is no mountain temple in Cangzhou, so where is it? In the past, there were many temples, such as Land, Guan Gong Temple and Niangniang Temple, which did not necessarily have corresponding shrines. Besides, there are mountains in Cangzhou, but they are small and located in Haixing. Besides, the author has never been to Cangzhou, but only heard about the general situation and wrote about the mountains. It doesn't matter. What is certain is that if there is Lin Chong and consignment, then it is true to come to Cangzhou!

Cangzhou is indeed a place of dispatch, because Cangzhou was the front line in the Song Dynasty, and one of the three passes guarded by Yang Liulang was in Baxian County, Xiongxian County. In the Song Dynasty, only felons were sent to Samoa, where the security was not too strict. Therefore, it is very likely that Lin Chong will be sent to Cangzhou according to the laws of the Song Dynasty. Cangzhou Wushu originated in Ming Dynasty and flourished in Qing Dynasty. Cangzhou was founded on 1500 this year, but the history of Cangzhou City is much later. Because the prince of Yan swept across the north, Chibi was in Zhengding, and Cangzhou was thousands of miles away. In the second year of Yongle, most people in Cangzhou moved here one after another. The development of Wushu is because the Qing Dynasty restricted the Han people from organizing and possessing weapons. Cangzhou Wushu is famous for its Hui people. Zhang, a Hui nationality in Cangzhou, returned to Ma Ba surname in the second year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty. The migration sites include Erlanggang in Nanjing and Yangxin in Shandong.

Sending Cangzhou is more common in Water Margin. For example, Lin Chong was sent to Cangzhou. But many people think that this is just a novelist's words.

There is a difference between the ancient Cangzhou City and the present Cangzhou City.

The ancient Cangzhou City, formerly known as Fuyang County, was built in the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC) and was under the jurisdiction of Bohai County, so it was named after floating in the south. In the eighteenth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 598), Bohai County was changed to Qingchi County, and in the first year of Tang Zhenguan (AD 627), it was changed to Qingcheng County of Cangzhou City in the Five Dynasties, which was used in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1403), Cangzhou Prefecture moved to Luchang. The ancient city of Cangzhou has been preserved as an ancient historical site. It is located in Jiuzhou Town, Cangxian County, about 20 kilometers east of Cangzhou today.

Referring to Water Margin and Send to Cangzhou, this paper briefly discusses the system of stabbing and matching in Song Dynasty.

Punctuation is a special punishment method since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. The Sui and Tang Dynasties established a five-punishment system (that is, beating, beating, escaping and dying, which is a new five-punishment system compared with the five punishments of Mohist, beating, cutting, palace and slave, and all the five punishments of slave are corporal punishment or death penalty), abolished flogging and escaping punishment, and changed to a combination of floating and servitude. Anyone sentenced to exile.

After the Five Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty, all those who were sentenced to exile were punished with sticks. At the end of Jin dynasty, the punishment of pricking face was created, and the combination of pricking face and flowing face was called pricking match, but at that time, pricking match was only used for pricking face and flowing match.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, the rod-breaking method was implemented, and the original four punishments of slap, rod, imprisonment and exile were changed into rod punishment. But at the same time, as a pardon of the death penalty, it has continued and developed the punishment of stabbing and matching since the late Jin Dynasty. The punishment of stabbing and matching has become a severe punishment second only to the death penalty.

According to the severity of the crimes committed, the thorn competitions in Song Dynasty are divided into different levels, such as the thorn competitions in this state, neighboring States, 500 Li, 1000 Li, 2000 Li, 3000 Li, Samoa Island and other places. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the stabbing in Samoa was considered as the highest punishment except the death penalty.

Among them, "thorn face" has a lot of attention, which can be roughly divided into "big thorn" and "small thorn" Generally, the content to be stabbed is "cooperating with a state (government) prison city", and people who have committed felony will stab this word very much; And according to the crime, the shape of the thorn is different. Later, it was stipulated that "whoever kills special goods" had the word robber tattooed on his forehead and the rest tattooed on his cheeks.

At that time, the reform-through-labour camp was generally called prison camp. For example, Water Margin also mentioned many times that Song Wu was sent to Mengzhou Prison City Camp. The prison city camp is similar to the current prison.

According to the "History of Song Dynasty", "When a first-time girl is guilty, she will also take it with a needle. Yes, a recall letter. Those who borrowed their lives from miscellaneous criminals at the beginning did not go to Liushamen Island, but ended up in Zhuzhou, the prison city. " It can be seen that every state set up a prison camp at that time, and Cangzhou was no exception. Moreover, Cangzhou at that time was a quasi-border town in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it was normal to send Cangzhou.

Cangzhou has not changed since ancient times, but the statement that prisoners were sent to Cangzhou is difficult to establish.

Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, which is famous for "The Water Margin of Shi Naian", has become a place where people are sent to prison. Everyone also imagines this place as overgrown with weeds, full of robbers and criminals. In the novel, Lin Chong was wrongly sent to Cangzhou, but this may be just the imaginary place of Shi Naian's sending, not a historical fact. There are three general reasons:

First, Lin Chong lived in Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, which is now Kaifeng, Henan. Hebei is not far from Henan, and the places where prisoners are sent are generally remote and desolate. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Hainan was the most populous province, and Linchong would never be sent to such a close neighboring province. If so, Gao Yanei is not afraid of Lin Chong coming back for revenge. This is the hatred of stealing his wife. Too close. If Lin hears the news, he will come back in two days. Think about it, Gao Yanei. Are you scared?

Second, the ruins of Cangzhou ancient city wall still exist, and more than ten tons of ancient coins have been unearthed, which shows that it has long been a bustling metropolis. History has proved that Cangzhou was a prosperous town in the north long before the Water Margin. In Song Dynasty, it was the border of Song, Liao, Song and Jin. At that time, the commodity economy was developed and it was an important border trade town.

Thirdly, neither official history nor unofficial history said that Cangzhou was once a place of exile.

So that place is the original place, but there has never been a case of sending criminals.

There has never been an official saying that Cangzhou was once a place to send prisoners. Cangzhou is located along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, near Beijing and Tianjin. It is the only place for Beijing and Tianjin to go to Jinan and lower Jiangnan. Land and water transportation is very developed, and it is a distribution center for material exchange. Moreover, Cangzhou was built 1500 years ago, which is not a wild land. There are many temple sites in the ancient city, which shows that incense was very prosperous at that time. This will only happen if the life in this area is rich and the society is stable.

"Send Cangzhou" is from Water Margin. Because Cangzhou was at the border of the Northern Song Dynasty, sending Cangzhou was a punishment, which was of great significance to increase the population of the area and strengthen the border defense against the northern invasion. Later, in the Yuan Dynasty, Cangzhou belonged to the central region. Don't misunderstand Cangzhou, which is still very prosperous.

It is now Cangzhou. In ancient times, the boundary of Cangzhou was almost all saline-alkali land. Cangzhou, which was sent by Lin Chong in the Northern Song Dynasty, is estimated to be now Yanshan County, where there is a hill.

I didn't know there would be mountains in Cangzhou. In the 1980s, I went to Yanshan to cure fish and saw two mountains, one in Shandong and the other in Cangzhou.

I pursue my dreams and enjoy life. My hometown is Cangzhou. Today I will explain this problem in detail. Today's Cangzhou City is not the location of ancient Cangzhou. Ancient Cangzhou refers to the land of my hometown (now Beiguan Village and Dongguan Village, Jiuzhou Town, Cangxian County), where ancient Cangzhou was sent. Now I will bring the past life of Cangzhou together.

Cangzhou means the sea. Fuyang County was established in the Western Han Dynasty, which was under the jurisdiction of Bohai County. Luchang County is located in the Northern Zhou Dynasty and belongs to Zhangwu County. Cangzhou was established in the second year of Xiping in the Northern Wei Dynasty (5 17), which was named after the seaside. At that time, Zhizhou was in Rao 'an, which is now Qiantong Town, Qianshan County. The Qin Dynasty was called Qianzi Town, which was the birthplace of Qin Shihuang's sending Xu Fu to seek immortality. Thousands of men and women and skilled craftsmen were recruited and trained, thus crossing the east. According to "Shu Wei-Su Zongji", in October of the second year of Pingping, "Sun Xiong, Deng Xian and other governors were sent to open warehouses for relief". This is the first time in history that the word "Cangzhou" appeared, from which it can be seen that Cangzhou should be established in the summer and autumn of this year.

Old Cangzhou, commonly known as Old State, is the seat of ancient Cangzhou. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (about 220 BC), it was the border between Yan, Zhao and Qi. After Qin unified China, it belonged to Julu County. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaudi of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC), Fuyang County was established here. Because the Fushui River flows south, it is called Fuyang. According to Hanshu and Taiping Universe Geography, Bohai County was established in the same year, and it was changed to three-point water Bohai County after the Eastern Han Dynasty.

At the end of Song Dynasty, Cangzhou was the border of Song and Liao Dynasties. Because of repeated wars and defeats, this place has become a desolate place and prisoners have been sent here. After nearly a thousand years of changes, although the old Cangzhou is not what it used to be, the story of Lin Chong being sent to Cangzhou, burning forage field and Lin Xueshan Temple is still passed down from generation to generation, and is well known to women and children.

"Linchong Temple" is located on the west side of Beilin Avenue at the south entrance of the old city, north of Nanpai River. The map of the old city also records the forage field about five or six miles east of the old city.

Today, the ancient city wall has been ruined and lost its majestic charm. In the cold wind, we lament the vicissitudes of the world and the power of time. The feeling of desolation and tragic is no longer unnecessary.

"Garden Ink, Nantang Chicken, Cangzhou Iron Lion, Tieqianzhuang Ruins, Ironmaking Stove, Linchong Temple, Beihai Fish Pond, Maogong Ganquan, Longchi Qiuyu, and Hekou Inscription". Ten scenes in ancient Cangzhou, mainly the famous iron lion, solidified into stone and iron money; There are many beautiful and moving legends, such as romantic and dignified red hay, which I will talk about slowly later.