During the Western Han Dynasty, the west of Yumenguan and Yangguan in Gansu, the north of Congling in Xinjiang and the north and south of Tianshan Mountain were collectively called the Western Regions.

At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the western regions were controlled by Xiongnu, and Emperor Wu sent Zhang Qian to the western regions. After Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions, the relationship between the Western Han Dynasty and the Western Regions became closer.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the Western Han Dynasty completely lost its ability to control the western regions. Ban Chao was sent to the Western Regions during the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Ban Chao lived in the Western Regions for 30 years, which helped the countries in the Western Regions get rid of the control of Xiongnu, and the relationship between the Western Regions and the Han Dynasty became closer.

The Silk Road connects ancient China culture, Indian culture, Persian culture, * * * culture and ancient Greek and Roman culture, and promotes cultural exchanges between China and the West.

Jess Zhang

(about BC 164 ~ BC 1 14), Han nationality, born in Chenggu County, Hanzhong (now Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province), was an outstanding explorer, traveler and diplomat in China in Han Dynasty, who made great contributions to the development of the Silk Road.

It opened up the north-south road to the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, and introduced blood horses, grapes, alfalfa, pomegranate, walnuts, flax and so on from various countries in the Western Regions.

Gan Ying (

In the Eastern Han Dynasty (the year of birth and death is unknown), the word "Chonglan" means "East".

In the 9th year of Han Yongyuan (97), Gan Ying was sent to Daqin (Roman Empire) to protect Ban Chao on orders from the Western Regions.

He led a delegation from Kucha (now Kuqa, Xinjiang), passed Tiaozhi (now Iraq) and Rest in Peace (now Iran), and reached the coast of the West Sea (now Persian Gulf) west of Rest in Peace.

Although the mission did not arrive in Daqin, it enhanced China people's understanding of Central Asian countries at that time.

Ban Chao,

The word Zhongsheng, Han nationality, Han Fufeng Pingling (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province) people.

He was a famous strategist and diplomat in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Ban Chao is the youngest son of the famous historian Ban Biao. His brother Ban Gu and his sister Ban Zhao are also famous historians.

Ban Chao is ambitious and does not stick to details, but he is respectful and considerate.

He made great contributions to the evaluation of the western regions and the promotion of national integration.

Blood horse, grape, alfalfa, pomegranate, walnut and flax were introduced from western countries.

Ban Chao's famous classic: Nothing ventured, nothing gained (original: Nothing ventured, nothing gained) Ban Chao.

Ban Chao always works hard at home and is not ashamed of his efforts.

He is eloquent, well-read, able to weigh the weight, sense motive.

Ban Chao died and was buried in Mangshan, Luoyang.

Edit this passage to join the army

Hanmingdi Ban Yong Chao Statue

[1] In the fifth year of Pingping (62), Ban Chao's brother Ban Gu was called to Beijing as a school bookkeeper, and Ban Chao moved to Luoyang with his mother.

Because of his poor family, Ban Chao made a living copying documents for the government.

Ban Chao spends a lot of time at his desk every day, often putting down his work and sighing: "A gentleman has no other ambition, but he should still make contributions to Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian in a foreign country, so that he can study and write for a long time" (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty)? Everyone else laughed at it.

Ban Chao said, "A boy knows the ambition of a strong man" (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty)! So, he went to visit a fortune teller, who said, "Sacrificing wine, clothes and clothes will make people feel uncomfortable, but it will seal off the post-Wanli (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

Ban Chao asked him why, and the fortuneteller said, "It is also Wan Li's life to be born with a swallow, born with a tiger's neck, and fly to eat meat" (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

After a while, Ming Di asked Ban Gu, "Di Qing 'an is here. "Ban Gu said," Write a book for an official and adopt a straight mother "(Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

Ming Di appointed Ban Chao as the secretariat of Lantai, in charge of the memorial and documents.

However, it didn't take long for Ban Chao to be removed from his post because of a small mistake.

In the 16th year of Yongping (73), Dou Gu, a captain, sent troops to attack Xiongnu, and Ban Chao followed the Northern Expedition and served as a pseudo Sima (acting Sima) in the army.

The puppet Sima Guan was very small, but it was the first step for Ban Chao's literary career to turn to military life.

As soon as Ban Chao arrived in the army, he showed his unique talent.

He led his troops to attack Yiwu (now the West Fortress in Hami, Xinjiang) and moved to Prehai (now the Balikun Lake in Xinjiang), and he tried his best to capture many enemies.

Dou Gu appreciated his military talents and sent him to the Western Regions with Guo Yao.

Ban Chao went to the Western Regions.

After a short and serious preparation, Ban Chao and Guo Yao led 36 people to the Western Regions.

Ban Chao went to Shanshan first (now southwest of Lop Nur, Xinjiang).

King Shanshan was caring and attentive to Ban Chao and others. Later, his attitude suddenly changed and he became slack and indifferent.

Ban Chao with their own sensitivity, it is estimated that there will be a reason.

He said to his men, "Would you rather be generous and humble? There must be an emissary from Beilu who is suspicious of what the unknown has done.

Wise men see before they sprout, and the situation is evil (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

So Ban Chao called the Shanshan waiter who received them, and unexpectedly asked him, "The Huns have been here for a few days, and now they still care (The Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty)? The waiter was surprised and couldn't say anything for a while, so he had to tell the truth.

Ban Chao locked up the waiter to prevent the news from leaking.

Then, immediately called 36 men, a high drinking meeting.

When Ban Chao was drunk, he deliberately set up a paragraph to anger everyone: "Cao Qing and I are both in a unique field, and we want to make great contributions to realize wealth.

Today, a few days after Lu Shi was laid off, Wang Guangli's respect was abolished; If Shanshan is sent to Xiongnu, bones will grow for wolves to eat.

Why? "Everyone said," Now we are in danger, and we will live and die at the hands of Sima. Ban Chao said, "Nothing ventured, nothing gained." .

This plan is unique, and it will attack Luhuo at night, so that it doesn't know how powerful I am. It will be a great earthquake and save the honour of Ban Chao.

You destroy this Lu, you will be kind and brave, and you will succeed. A subordinate said, "There was a discussion at that time." The whole class was furious and said, "Good or bad depends on today."

If you are a literary and vulgar official, you will be afraid of this, and you will die without a name. You are not a strongman (Biography of Were Ban Chao)! The subordinates agreed unanimously.

Every day, just after dark, Ban Chao led his soldiers straight to Xiongnu Messenger Station.

When it was windy, Ban Chao ordered ten men to hide behind the enemy's compound with drums. As soon as the fire broke out, they banged the drums and shouted loudly.

And ordered others to ambush on both sides of the door with swords, guns and crossbows.

After the arrangement, Ban Chao set fire to the downwind. At that time, 36 people clamored before and after, and the momentum was huge.

The Huns were in a mess, and there was no way out.

Ban Chao personally killed three Huns, his men also killed more than 30 people, and the rest of the Huns died in the fire.

The next day, Ban Chao reported it to Guo Yao.

Guo Yao was surprised first, and then uneven colors appeared on his face.

Knowing that he was jealous, Ban Chao raised his hand and said to him, "Although I can't do it, why can't Ban Chao do it alone?" ? Guo Yaoxi is happy with the color.

Ban Chao invited King Shanshan to show him the head of the Xiongnu messenger. King Shanshan was shocked and shocked the whole country.

Ban Chao kindly comforted him, and he had a point. King Shanshan expressed his willingness to join the Han Dynasty and agreed to send the prince to the Han Dynasty as a proton.

Ban Chao completed his mission, led the people back to Beijing and reported the situation to Dou Gu.

Dou Gu was overjoyed. The above table shows the process and achievements of Ban Chao's mission, requesting the emperor to send envoys to the Western Regions again.

The emperor appreciated Ban Chao's bravery and strategy and thought that he was a rare talent. He said to Dou Gu, "Why don't you choose a better official than Ban Chao? Today, with Chao as the army Sima, there is much to be done "(Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

Dou Gu thinks there are too few people in Ban Chao and wants to give him more.

Ban Chao said, "It's enough to transfer our office from more than 30 people.

If there is no danger, more benefits are fatigue. "