1959 65438+ 10 1 Under the leadership of Fidel Castro, the Cuban people overthrew Batista's pro-American dictatorship and won the national democratic revolution.
1953 Fidel Castro launched an armed struggle against dictatorship and called on the people to rise up and overthrow Batista's regime. Castro founded the July 26th Movement in Mexico from 65438 to 0955. On February 2, the following year, 65438, he led his troops to land in Colorado Beach, Dongfang Province, and fought fiercely with government troops. After the defeat, the guerrilla warfare in Maestra Mountain area has repeatedly hit the government forces and won the support of many farmers, workers and students.
1953, a group of young students led by Antonio Echebaria attacked the presidential palace. Frustrated, they set up the "March 13 Revolution Steering Committee" to fight guerrilla warfare in the mountainous areas of Las villars province, and at the same time strike, strike and strike in Havana, Santiago and other cities.
1958 On March 17, thousands of representatives from 42 mass organizations issued a joint declaration demanding that Batista step down. By July, the rebels had turned from defensive to offensive, from guerrilla warfare based on rural areas to annihilation warfare focusing on encircling cities.
Organizations such as July 26th Movement, March 13 Revolution Steering Committee, Civil Resistance Movement, Workers' United Front and College Students' Federation held a meeting in Caracas, Venezuela, to establish the Revolutionary Democratic Citizen Front. 165438+1October, the rebels surrounded Havana and Santiago. By the end of the year, most of the country will be liberated.
1 959 65438+1October1,the rebels entered Havana, Batista fled abroad, and the dictatorship collapsed. The next day, the revolutionary provisional government was established. In February, Castro became Prime Minister and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.
637 assassinations of Castro
1959, the birth of the Cuban revolutionary regime made the United States on pins and needles. The immortal American ruler has always concentrated his deep hatred on Castro, the leader of the Cuban people. Castro is a hard nut to crack. Since he came to power, he has never bowed to the north, the world's number one power, but has repeatedly humiliated it and lost face on the international stage. In desperation, the American rulers had to pin their hopes on the "miraculous" CIA and let it assume the "responsibility" of physically destroying Castro. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), established in accordance with the National Security Law signed by President Truman on July 26, 1947, directed numerous terrorist assassinations and subversive activities, mainly targeting those countries and governments that did not obey the orders of the United States. For decades, Castro has naturally been included in the "blacklist" to be executed. 1997, the us government "decrypted" a batch of documents. These documents truly recorded a series of conspiracy activities of the CIA to assassinate Castro. People can see from this that the CIA and the anti-Cuba group in exile in the United States have spent a lot of effort, played a lot of tricks and had many "successful" dreams!
The CIA declassified the document disclosure-the CIA tried to assassinate Castro 637 times in 40 years.
Poisoning: making a fuss about "eye drops"
1960, CIA agents decided to attack for the first time. This time, anti-Cuban elements in exile in the United States were used as insiders. The CIA used intimidation and inducement to collect a large number of people from Miami and other places. At that time, Castro's medical staff Miller was one of them.
Soon, Miller received an order to poison Castro. At that time, Castro suffered from eye diseases. The CIA made a poison based on the information collected by Miller. In order not to let the Cuban security department see the flaw, the CIA got the medicine Castro used, took out the real medicine and replaced it with the poison they developed. As Castro's medical staff, there are many opportunities to do it. But he didn't dare to move if he wanted to do it several times. Once, he finally settled down, only to knock over the poison bottle in his hand. The strong toxicity actually corroded the cement floor. Miller was frightened. He didn't expect CIA drugs to be so powerful.
Conscience made Miller finally turn himself in. After his surrender, the Cuban security department felt deeply guilty because it failed to fulfill its responsibilities. However, Castro did not pursue responsibility. Miller was not punished either. He was assigned to work in a hospital. The CIA's first murder plan went bankrupt.
Hired killer: colluding with the mafia
In order to murder Castro, the CIA turned to underworld killers. At that time, Chicago's underworld activities were rampant and its crimes were secretive, making it famous in the United States.
In l960, the CIA negotiated with Chicago underworld leaders and reached a deal: as long as Castro could be killed before May of 19961year, the CIA would pay150,000 dollars.
It is reported that underworld leaders charge "activity fee" 1. 1 ten thousand dollars. As we all know, these killers are no match for Castro and Cuban security services. After intense activities, nothing was achieved, and the assassination plan ended without results.
Everyone knows that Castro has always liked smoking. A few years ago, he suddenly gave up smoking on August 13 birthday. Before that, it was unthinkable. This stems from a new murder plan. The CIA tried every means to buy someone who had access to Castro and let him secretly put a pack of cigarettes where Castro was. This kind of cigarette is very toxic and can kill people in a few hours. However, this box of cigarettes did not please Castro. Once again, the CIA's dream was shattered.
Poison has always been regarded by the CIA as a "magic weapon" to murder Castro. 196 1 In June, the Intelligence Bureau issued a series of "feasible" plans to the Secret Service. These include: poisonous needles processed with jellyfish venom; A handkerchief infected with bacteria; A special medicine added to Castro's tea, coffee or soup.
While these top spies were still sifting through various schemes one by one, the mafia sent another deadly pill that was said to be particularly effective. This pill was quickly sent to Cuba through their channels, and a person working in the Cuban revolutionary government was going to implement a poisoning plan at some point. Unfortunately, however, this person was suddenly "dismissed" the day before.
Send a "gift": develop a diving suit containing bacteria.
The CIA saw that Castro, who was busy with government affairs and worked day and night, was so healthy and energetic that he didn't know what to do. Therefore, agents are required to collect valuable information such as Castro's eating, drinking, Lazarus, daily activities and hobbies. To the disappointment of the CIA, Castro did not take any panacea. However, he likes to go swimming at the seaside. This caught the attention of the CIA and thought it was an excellent opportunity.
The CIA came up with a plan to paint a newly developed fungus on a diving suit and give it to Castro. After this fungus infection, the skin will slowly rot, eventually leading to a variety of diseases and deaths.
After American mercenaries invaded Geelong Beach and were crushed, the CIA sent James Donovan, a famous American lawyer, to Cuba. This time, he went to Cuba to negotiate the release of American mercenaries captured in the invasion. The CIA asked him to give this fungus-coated diving suit to Castro as a "gift". However, the lawyer who didn't know the inside story thought the gift was "too light", so he bought a more expensive diving suit in the shop without authorization. The CIA's plan failed again.
Usage: Use the ancient "honey trap"
The CIA has no choice but to return to the oldest skill in espionage-honey trap. A Cuban girl was photographed and sent to the CIA for a year and a half of intensive training. 1965, she sneaked into Cuba with l 5 killers under the pseudonym of "Buddy". Buddy broke into the literary and art circles and soon became famous. On the eve of June 65438+1 October1Cuba's National Day in l966, Barty got the specific arrangements for Castro to participate in the National Day activities through relations, and prepared to shake hands and talk with the young people in the square when Castro, Barty and two killers disguised as "journalists" shot him at the same time with silent pistol.
The CIA, which thought its plan was perfect, miscalculated again this time. After many contacts and conversations with Castro, Barty's views and beliefs have changed greatly.
"No coincidence is a book". In order to crack down on Cuba's economic pillar-tourism, the US authorities instigated spies to create a series of terrorist bombings in hotels and hotels in Havana. On the eve of National Day, a big explosion occurred in Bruno Hotel in Havana, killing 6 people and injuring 8 others. Among the dead were Buddy's brother and sister. After a fierce ideological struggle, Batty surrendered himself to the Cuban security department the day before the National Day.
According to the information provided by Batty, the Cuban security department arrested this group of agents in one fell swoop and quickly cracked another spy network. The director of the CIA lamented: "A few years of hard work was destroyed."
Overseas: plot explosion site
197 1 year, Castro visited Chile. CIA agents secretly put the explosives prepared in advance in the car that Castro and his party took. As a result, the explosives did not explode at that time. If one plan fails, another will be born. The CIA quickly arranged for two agents to hide their weapons in a camera, ready to do it during Castro's speech. However, just two hours before Castro's speech, one of the killers suddenly suffered from appendicitis, and the other panicked and dared not do it again.
1998, the Ibero-American Summit was held in Venezuela, and Castro will attend the meeting. Anti-ancient elements in exile in the United States and other places believe that the time has come. In Guatemala, a man named Posada and two employees of Cuban businessman Aarvala secretly planned how to assassinate Castro during the summit. When Aarvala discovered this, he immediately reported it to the Guatemalan intelligence authorities and asked them to tell the Venezuelan intelligence and the US Federal Bureau of Investigation.
After receiving this information, Venezuela quickly searched for explosives inside and outside the venue and took various preventive measures against this dangerous person who was familiar with the situation in Venezuela. The FBI is indifferent to this.
On the eve of the opening of the conference, the United States Coast Guard intercepted a four-person ship carrying weapons off the coast of Puerto Rico. Alfonso, the leader of this ship, was imprisoned in Cuba 19 years. He admitted that he went to "assassinate Castro" this time. It was verified that the boat belonged to the Gu American Foundation, an anti-ancient exile group, and the guns on board also belonged to the former chairman of the Foundation. As Venezuela took effective measures, the ships loaded with weapons were intercepted again, and both assassination plans failed.
Secret: CIA is notorious
On October 8th, 2000/KLOC-0+Castro, who attended the 10th Ibero-American Summit in Panama City, exposed an assassination plan against him at a press conference. He said that the plan was formulated by the Cuban-American National Foundation for Posada, a veteran anti-Cuban exile who committed several terrorist crimes. Castro has informed the Panamanian authorities that Posada and his associates are there and tried to assassinate him with explosives and other weapons. The press was shocked by the news. A few hours later, Panamanian police confirmed that six suspects, including Posada, had been arrested. Accused of involvement in a plot to assassinate Castro. However, they have never tried. Some experts said that if the judge agrees to the trial, "it may cause a very heavy blow to the prestige of the United States in the international arena."
According to the Cuban authorities, since the Cuban revolution, the CIA has organized, instigated or supported terrorists to murder Cuba 637 times. There is a museum in Havana, which shows how domestic and foreign hostile elements tried to assassinate Cuba. Castro himself once said that he was threatened with assassination the most times in all countries, and he could win the "championship".
Due to the careful and comprehensive preventive measures taken by the Cuban government, military and police authorities and intelligence departments, coupled with Castro's superhuman wisdom, unique vigilance and magical charm, all the enemy's plots were successfully crushed, and he turned the corner again and again. Once, Castro said humorously in an interview with reporters: "I am still alive today, but this is not my fault, but the CIA ..."
The Cuban government has filed a complaint with the court accusing the CIA of various terrorist acts. The notorious CIA, as the mastermind and planner of the assassination of Cuba, will be tried "fairly".
Attached to Castro's life:
Among the political leaders in the world today, there are only a few who have been supported by their own people for decades and have been concerned by international public opinion. Fidel Castro, the tallest in Cuba, is one of them. His great wisdom and courage in defending national independence and not fearing violence have won the admiration of people all over the world, especially those in Latin America. People praised him as "a beard that is not afraid of being scared, crushed and beaten."
Fidel Castro1August, 1926 13 was born in a wealthy manor family in Maiari, Balian to, Cuba. Father Angel Castro is a Spanish soldier. After he settled in Cuba, he started by planting sugar cane and became a famous local planter. My mother worked in my father's manor when she was a child, and later became my father's second wife. Fidel has four brothers and sisters, and Raul, who is five years younger than him, is his revolutionary comrade-in-arms for decades. Castro was ambitious and unruly since he was a child, and he had deep sympathy for hardworking farmers when he was a teenager. He objected to his father's mistreatment of farm workers, so he quarreled with his father many times. /kloc-When he was 0/3 years old, he organized sugar workers to go on strike against his father. When Castro was a teenager, he read many biographies and works of heroes. Jose Marti, the pioneer of Cuba's national independence, and Bolí var and San Martin, the liberators of Latin America, are his most admired heroes and set an example for him.
Castro 19 was admitted to the Law Department of Havana University, when the Latin American national movement was surging. He took an active part in the patriotic student movement against the pro-American regime and became the man of the hour in Harbin University. 1947 Join the Cuban People's Party. In the second year, I attended the anti-imperialist and anti-colonial student conference held in Bogota, Colombia, and participated in the anti-oligarchy riots of Bogota University. After the failure of this operation, he fled back to Cuba to pursue further studies, and obtained the doctor of law degree at 1950. After becoming a lawyer, Castro acted as a defender for the poor. 1952 Batista launched a military coup, which tightened the rule of * * and blocked the road to democracy. 1On July 26th, 953, 26-year-old Castro led 134 patriotic youths to attack the Moncada Barracks in Santiago, aiming at seizing weapons and launching an armed struggle against * * all over the country. Because of the disparity in strength between the two sides, the uprising failed and most of the young insurgents were killed. The Castro brothers and others survived the death and were thrown into prison. 1955 In May, Batista won the hearts of the people because of the "presidential election" and granted amnesty to political prisoners. Castro and his comrades were released unexpectedly. Immediately after he was released from prison, he set out to organize the "July 26th Movement" revolutionary organization and went to Mexico to organize secret armed forces.
1956165438+1On October 25th, Castro led 8 1 comrades to set out from Mexico on the yacht Granma and made an expedition to Cuba. When landing in Dongfang Province, it was attacked by government forces. Most expeditionary soldiers were killed or injured. Castro and other 12 survivors entered the mountainous area to carry out guerrilla warfare, and he himself served as the commander of the rebel army. Because of the combination of armed struggle and farmers' struggle for land, the uprising team grew rapidly, and at the same time, it set off a nationwide wave of anti-* *. Under the strong offensive of the insurgents, the * * regime soon collapsed. 1959 on new year's day, Batista fled abroad, and the rebels entered the capital Havana with the cheers of all the people. Castro became Prime Minister of the Provisional Revolutionary Government and Commander-in-Chief of the Revolutionary Armed Forces.
After the victory of the Cuban revolution, the government led by Castro suppressed the domestic counter-revolutionaries. Major measures such as land reform, confiscation of foreign capital and large enterprises; Holding high the banner of opposing foreign interference and safeguarding national sovereignty has met with hostility and opposition from the United States. The United States carried out political subversion, economic blockade, diplomatic isolation and even organized mercenary invasion against Cuba in an attempt to stifle the nascent revolutionary regime. Castro led the Cuban people in a tit-for-tat struggle. 1961April, Castro announced to the world that "Cuba has implemented a socialist revolution." Since then, the July 26th Movement he led has merged with the People's Socialist Party and the March 13 Revolutionary Committee to form Cuba. He was elected as the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Over the past 35 years, Castro has led the Cuban people in an arduous struggle, safeguarded national sovereignty, overcame the serious difficulties brought about by the long-term economic blockade of the United States, and withstood the tremendous impact brought about by the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the drastic changes in Eastern Europe. Today, Cuba actively adjusts its domestic and foreign policies and accelerates its economic development.
Castro has been diligent and studious since he was a child. He has a quick mind and a good memory. His speech was very enlightening, vivid in language and simple in truth. He often talks for hours at meetings or on TV, which fascinates the audience. He was famous as an athlete as early as his student days. At the age of 18, he was awarded the title of the best all-around athlete in Cuba. After becoming a state official, he is still active in sports after his busy official duties.