1 and 58 1, Emperor Wendi, the consort of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, seized power and established the Sui Dynasty, with Chang 'an as its capital.

In 589, the Sui Dynasty wiped out the last Wang Chaochen of the Southern Dynasties and reunified the North and the South.

2. During the reign of Yang Di, a Grand Canal running through the north and south was dug.

The purpose of excavation is to strengthen the north-south traffic and consolidate the rule of the Sui Dynasty over the whole country.

The Grand Canal, with Luoyang as the center, reaches Zhuo Jun in the north and Yuhang in the south, with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers. This is the longest canal in the ancient world.

The opening of the Grand Canal has become the main artery of north-south traffic, which has promoted economic exchanges between the north and the south and consolidated the situation of national reunification.

Lesson 2

1, the rule of the Sui Dynasty is very similar to that of the Qin Dynasty, with only two emperors.

Yang Di, the second emperor of Sui Dynasty, practiced tyranny, which eventually led to the peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty.

(sui dynasty: 58 1~6 18)

In 2.6 18, Tang Dynasty was established by Li Yuan, with Chang 'an as its capital and Tang Gaozu as Li Yuan.

During the reign of Emperor Taizong, many rectification measures were taken, which made the politics of the Tang Dynasty clearer, the economy developed rapidly and the national strength gradually became stronger. Historically, the rule at that time was called "the rule of chastity".

The measures taken by Emperor Taizong include: paying great attention to drawing lessons from the Sui Dynasty; (2) Attach importance to agricultural production and ignore taxation; ③ Pay attention to "abstinence from luxury and simplicity"; (4) Rectifying official management; ⑤ Appoint talented people and accept guidance with an open mind.

4. The term "palace affairs" refers to two prime ministers who were reused in the period of Emperor Taizong: Fang and Du Ruhui.

At that time, the most famous remonstrator was Wei Zhi, and Emperor Taizong compared him to a mirror that "can know gains and losses".

Wu Zetian is the only female emperor in the history of China.

She changed the title of the Tang Dynasty to Zhou. During her reign, she continued to implement the policy of Tang Taizong to develop agriculture and select talents, further developed the social economy and strengthened the national strength of the Tang Dynasty.

People call her rule "starting from politics and governing macro-chastity".

6, the boat is not only a gentleman, water is not only Li Shu, water can carry a boat, but also can overturn it.

-Emperor Taizong

This passage was quoted by Emperor Taizong.

The meaning of this sentence is:

Rulers are like ships, and people are water; Water can make a ship sail on water,

It can also upset the boat.

This sentence shows the power of the people.

Lesson three:

1, the year of Xuanzong in the early Tang Dynasty was Kaiyuan. In the early days of his administration, his politics was clear and his economy was unprecedentedly prosperous. The Tang Dynasty entered its heyday, which was called "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng" in history.

2. The similarities between the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Emperor Taizong are: being good at appointing virtuous officials, attaching importance to local bureaucrats, attaching importance to agricultural production and advocating frugality.

3. The economic prosperity of the Tang Dynasty is manifested in:

Agriculture: ① water conservancy is developed; (2) the progress of farming techniques and methods; (3) the emergence of new plant varieties (including new vegetable varieties and tea.

In the Tang Dynasty, the wind of drinking tea prevailed all over the country, and Jiangnan became an important producing area for growing rice and tea. (4) Improvement of production tools-Qu Yuan plough and truck.

Handicraft industry: ① silk weaving industry is developed; ② The ceramic industry is developed (Yue kiln celadon, Yao Xing white porcelain and Tang Sancai are the most famous).

Commerce: Commerce is prosperous, and metropolises include Chang 'an, Luoyang, Guangzhou and Yangzhou.

Chang 'an was not only a national exchange center at that time, but also an international metropolis.

Lesson four:

1, the emergence of the imperial examination system: ① Emperor Wendi of Sui began to select officials by subject examination; (2) Yang Di established the imperial examination, and the imperial examination system was born.

2. Perfection of the imperial examination system: ① Emperor Taizong greatly expanded the scale of Chinese studies; ② Wu Zetian initiated the imperial examination and martial arts; ③ Tang Xuanzong took poetry and fu as the main content of Jinshi.

3. The influence of imperial examination system on Sui and Tang Dynasties: ① Perfecting the employment system; ② Promoted the development of education; ③ Promoted the development of literature and art. ..

Lesson five:

1, Tubo people are the ancestors of Tibetans.

At the beginning of the 7th century, Zangbo's outstanding Zambosong Zangbo unified the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and made its capital more logical.

2. Emperor Taizong married Princess Wencheng to Songzan Gambu.

Princess Wencheng's entry into Tibet strengthened the economic and cultural exchanges between Tang and Tibet, and enhanced the friendly relations between China and Tibet.

In the early 8th century, Tang Zhongzong married Princess Jincheng to Tubo.

Tubo Zampa wrote to the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and Tubo and the Tang Dynasty were "one family".

3. Uighurs are the ancestors of * * * Er.

Its leader was named Huairen Khan by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and later renamed Uighur.

4. Liu Zhao residents are the ancestors of Yi and Bai.

Later, Nanzhao unified six imperial edicts, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty named its leader King of Yunnan.

Lesson 6:

1. The Tang Dynasty enjoyed a high reputation in the world, and all countries called China "the Tang people".

2. "Tianzhu" refers to the Indian Peninsula today; "Big food" refers to the present * * * peninsula; "Persia" refers to Iran today.

During Sui and Tang Dynasties, China and Japan had frequent exchanges.

In order to learn the advanced culture of the Tang Dynasty, the Japanese sent many envoys to China. These envoys are called "envoys of the Tang Dynasty".

4. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Jian Zhen, a monk, traveled to Japan and made great contributions to Sino-Japanese friendship and cultural exchange.

5. In the Tang Dynasty, Xuanzang became a monk and went to India to learn from the scriptures, and wrote "The Tale of the Western Regions of Datang".

Lesson 7:

1. Zhao Zhouqiao, designed and built by Li Chun, an outstanding craftsman in Sui Dynasty, is the oldest stone arch bridge in the world.

2. Printing is one of the four great inventions in ancient China.

The Diamond Sutra, printed in the Tang Dynasty, is the earliest block printing with exact date in the world.

3. Li Bai's poems in Tang Dynasty are rich in imagination, beautiful in artistic conception and light in language.

Du Fu's poems at the turn of the prosperous Tang Dynasty profoundly show "the poet of the historical era"

Bai Juyi's Brilliant Mid-Tang Dynasty is as straightforward and easy to understand as the vernacular.

Lesson 8:

1. The famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty were Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan.

After Wang Xizhi, the most accomplished calligrapher in the history of calligraphy in China is Yan Zhenqing, who created his own "Yan Ti".

Liu Gongquan created "Liu Style", which was later called "Yan Gu".

2. The famous painters in the Tang Dynasty were Yan and Wu Daozi.

Wu Daozi was called "painting sage" by later generations.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes is one of the largest art treasures in the world, because there are a lot of exquisite colored sculptures and murals there. The content mainly promotes Buddhism.

Very detailed!