Figure-Location of Chang 'an, the capital of Northern Zhou Dynasty
After the death of Gao Huan, the powerful minister of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Gao Cheng, the eldest son, continued to be authoritarian, but he was assassinated by domestic slaves before he could usurp the throne. His younger brother Gao Yang attacked the throne and abolished the puppet emperor Xiao Jingzhi. In 550, he proclaimed himself emperor, established the Northern Qi Dynasty, and established its capital (now Anyang, Henan Province, and Linzhang, Hebei Province in the north). Northern Qi occupied fertile land in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui, and it was powerful. From the forces of Kumoxi, Qidan and Rouran in the north, to Huainan in the south, and once extended to the Yangtze River. But the fatuous queen Gao Wei made a mess of Beiqi and was finally destroyed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
After the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Northern Qi Dynasty, the North was basically unified. After the death of the Northern Zhou Emperor, the youngest son ascended the throne as Zhou Jingdi, and Emperor Wendi of lord protector paid an official visit to the Prime Minister as the Minister of Fuzheng. In 58 1 year, Emperor Wendi of Sui forced Jing Di Chen to succeed him, established the Sui Dynasty, and the Northern Zhou Dynasty perished. Daxing City (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province) was the capital of the Sui Dynasty. Later, Chen Nan was destroyed and unified the world. After Yang Di ascended the throne, he moved the capital to Luoyang.
After the Sui Dynasty unified the whole country, a series of measures were implemented, some of which had a far-reaching impact on later generations, such as the imperial examination system, which played an important role in talent selection in a long historical period. The Grand Canal, ordered by Emperor Yang Guang of Sui Dynasty, has played a very important role in the economic and cultural exchanges between North and South and in safeguarding national unity.
During the Sui Dynasty, Goguryeo harassed the border many times. After digging the Grand Canal to appease the East and West Turks, Yang Di assembled a million troops from 6 12 and personally marched into Koguryo for three consecutive years. Going out for the first time and returning from defeat; The second time was because the Yang Xuangan rebellion failed; Koguryo asked for surrender for the third time and moved back to North Korea. Three large-scale battles have seriously overdrawn the national strength, made the people miserable, and finally led to chaos in the world.
At the end of the Sui Dynasty, many heroes took advantage of the chaos. Li Yuan, Duke of the Tang Dynasty, set out for Jinyang (now Taiyuan) on June17, and proclaimed himself emperor the following year, establishing the Tang Dynasty and making Chang 'an its capital. After Li Shimin succeeded to the throne, Emperor Taizong began the rule of Zhenguan, which laid a solid foundation for the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. After Tang Gaozong's Yonghui rule, Tang Xuanzong's Kaiyuan prospered, and the agriculture, handicrafts, commerce and foreign trade of the Tang Dynasty all got great development, and the national strength reached its peak and became one of the most powerful countries in the world at that time.
In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, all nationalities came to Korea. The Tang Dynasty has a vast territory. In its heyday, the western territory reached as far as the Aral Sea, surpassed Lake Baikal in the north, surpassed the Sea of Japan in the east and surpassed Annan in the south. Because the territory is too large, the border areas implement the system of Jimi Mansions, such as Anxi Mansion, Anbei Mansion, Anton Mansion, Annan Mansion, Chanyu Mansion and Beiting Mansion, which have hundreds of Jimi Mansions under their jurisdiction.
During the Tang Dynasty, foreign business and cultural exchanges were frequent, and there were also business contacts with Asian and European countries. Our silk, porcelain and tea are exported overseas. There are many prosperous commercial cities in China, such as Chang 'an, Luoyang, Yangzhou, Chengdu and Guangzhou. The open and tolerant Tang Dynasty not only spread the advanced Tang Wenhua to the outside world, but also absorbed the advanced cultures of neighboring countries. For example, Xuanzang went to Tianzhu to learn Buddhist scriptures, and Jian Zhen went to Japan to spread Tang Wenhua.
However, during the Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the flourishing atmosphere of the Tang Dynasty came to an abrupt end with the Anshi Rebellion. In the later period, he gradually became fatuous, neglected state affairs, and appointed traitors such as Li and Yang, which led to corruption in state affairs and discord between the two factions. An Lushan and Shi Siming took the opportunity to launch a rebellion, attacking Luoyang, the eastern capital, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Chengdu, which was known as the Anshi Rebellion.
The Anshi Rebellion lasted for eight years. Although it was finally pacified, the Tang Dynasty was weakened and began to weaken. The aftermath of the Anshi Rebellion was more serious, and a large number of main border guards were recalled to counter the rebellion, which made the court's control over the frontier weaker and weaker and lost its effective control over Central Asia and other places. The separatist regime in the buffer region became more and more fierce, so that there were frequent rebellions in the buffer region, but the court could do nothing.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, land annexation was serious and social contradictions intensified. Although Wang Xianzhi, Huang Chao and others ended in failure, they dealt a serious blow to the rule of the Tang Dynasty. In 907, Zhu Wen usurped the Tang Dynasty, established the Hou Liang, and the Tang Dynasty perished. Curiously, Zhu Wen, who eventually overthrew the Tang Dynasty, turned out to be a member of the Huang Chao Army.