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What is the detailed process of the Battle of the Giant Deer in history?
What is the detailed process of the Battle of the Giant Deer in history?

Xiang Yu led tens of thousands of Chu troops (later, warlords and rebels also participated in the war), and led 400,000 troops in Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei Province) with famous Chi soldiers Zhang Han and Wang Li. Xiang Yu burned his bridges, took the lead in capturing Qin Jun in the warlord melee, led the warlord rebels to completely wipe out Wang Li from the army, and forced 200,000 Zhang Han and Qin Jun to surrender eight months later. Since then, Xiang Yu has established a leading position in various rebel armies. After World War I, the main force of the Qin Dynasty was lost, and it existed in name only.

Historical background

In September of the second year of Qin Ershi (208 BC) (October of the first year of Qin Dynasty, October 2009 to September 2008 was a leap month), after General Qin Jun defeated and killed Xiang Liang, the leader of Chu's anti-Qin rebels, he thought that Chu was not worried enough, so he crossed the Yellow River and joined forces with 200,000 Wang Lijun (Great Wall Army) to attack Zhao and defeated him.

At that time, Zhao Xie was the king and Chen Yu was the general. Zhang Er, as a country, escaped into Dalucheng. Zhang Han ordered the king to leave and surround the stag. His army was stationed in the south of Julu and built a tunnel with walls on both sides to transport food and grass to them. As a general of Zhao, he led tens of thousands of foot soldiers stationed in the north of Julu. This is the so-called Hebei army.

In desperation, the prince of Zhao sent messengers to Chu Huaiwang and other governors for help. It was very strong at that time, and Zhao's army was stationed in the north of Julu City. Chen Yu once sent Chen Ze and five thousand people to test the strength of Qin Jun. As a result, when he got there, he was completely annihilated. From then on, no one dared to fight against the allied governors.

In September (leap month) after the second year of Qin Ershi (208 BC), the Chu Huaiwang camp was divided into two groups, with Qing Zi champion Yi Song as the general, Lu Gong Xiang Yu as the second, and his father Fan Zeng as the end, leading tens of thousands of troops to the north to solve the plight of the giant deer; On the other hand, Liu Bang was the commander in chief and attacked Guanzhong. Chu Huaiwang promised that whoever attacked Shimonoseki first would be the king of Guanzhong.

After assisting Zhao Dajun to advance to Anyang (now southeast of Cao County, Shandong Province), Chu said it was best to wait until both Qin and Zhao were defeated, so that the Chu army would not advance for 46 days. In November of the third year of Qin Ershi (208 BC) (from 208/KLOC-0 to September 2007 in the third year of Qin Ershi), Xiang Yu informed on Yi Song and killed him. Chu Huaiwang made Xiang Yu a general, and divided Lu Bu and Pu Jun into two armies.

Cut off all retreat

Qin Ershi three years (208 BC 10 to September 207 BC), Xiang Yu led the Chu army to the Yellow River south of Julu County (Zhangshui), and immediately sent Ying Bu and General Pu to lead twenty thousand rebels to cross the river to rescue Julu. After the two generals crossed the river, they won a small victory in the first battle. Zhao Jiang Chen Yu urged the invasion.

Then, Xiang Yu led the whole army to cross the Yellow River (allegedly to get water), ordered the whole army to burn down houses and tents, and brought only three rations to show their determination to die. With lightning speed, he directly took the giant deer, defeated the tunnel guards, cut off the king's provision route, and surrounded the king from the army.

Xiang Yu's determination and courage greatly inspired the soldiers. The Chu army surrounded Wang Li's army and the morale was high. One is ten years old, and the more he fights, the braver he becomes. After nine fierce battles, Zhang Han was finally repelled, Wang Li was captured alive, and Qin Jiang Su Jiao was killed. General Qin set himself on fire, and other soldiers escaped after being killed. Qin Jun, who besieged the stag, collapsed in this way.

Historical evaluation

The Battle of Julu was a great victory in the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty. Basically eliminated Qin Jun's main force, reversed the whole war situation, and laid the foundation for the victory of the anti-Qin struggle. After this war, the Qin Dynasty existed in name only. Xiang Yu, on the other hand, crossed the rubicon. When the vassal army was crowded in the barriers, he took the lead in attacking Qin Jun with the Chu army, driving the vassal coalition to annihilate the main force of General Qin. This achievement made the world full of curiosity and admiration for him after countless years.