The earliest title of Shangshu was Shu, which was written in the first five centuries. The traditional Shangshu (also known as Jinwen Shangshu) was handed down by Fu Sheng. Textual research is the legacy of "Three Tombs and Five Classics" in ancient culture.

Shangshu is listed as one of the important core Confucian classics, and "Shang" means "Shang". Shangshu is an ancient book, a compilation of China's ancient historical documents and some works tracing back ancient deeds.

2. Spring and Autumn Annals

Lu historians recorded the major events reported by various countries at that time by year, season, month and day, and recorded them in spring, summer, autumn and winter in a year. In a word, they named this chronicle Spring and Autumn Annals.

Confucius compiled and revised the Spring and Autumn Annals compiled by Lu historians and became one of the Confucian classics. "Spring and Autumn Annals" recorded the events of 242 years from the year of Lu Yin (722 BC) to the fourteenth year of Lu Aigong (48 BC1year). Because the starting and ending years of the historical facts recorded in it are roughly equivalent to an objective historical development period, historians of all dynasties have used the title of Spring and Autumn Annals as the name of this historical period.

3. Historical records

Historical Records is a biographical history book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian in the Western Han Dynasty. It is the first biographical general history in the history of China, and is listed as the first of the "Twenty-four History", which records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi era to the first year of founding ceremony, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Together with The History of the Later Han Dynasty, The History of the Later Han Dynasty and The History of the Three Kingdoms, they are called "the first four histories".

4. Hanshu

Also known as the Book of the First Han Dynasty, it is the first biographical dynastic history in China and one of the "Twenty-four History". It was compiled by Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and lasted for more than 20 years. Jian 'an was basically completed in the early years, which was interpreted by Yan Shigu in the later Tang Dynasty. Hanshu is another important historical book in ancient China after Shiji, and it is called "the first four histories" together with Shiji, Houhanshu and The History of the Three Kingdoms.

Hanshu mainly describes the historical events of 230 years from the first year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC) to the fourth year of Emperor Wangmang of the New Dynasty (23 AD). Hanshu includes 12 biographies, 8 tables, 10 records, 70 biographies and 100 * *. Later generations divided it into 120 volumes with 800,000 words.

5. History of the Three Kingdoms

The History of the Three Kingdoms written by Chen Shou, a historian in the Western Jin Dynasty, records the dynastic history of China in the Three Kingdoms period, and is also one of the "first four histories" with the highest evaluation among the twenty-four histories.

Before that, there was a draft of the Three Kingdoms. At that time, Wei and Wu both had histories, such as Yu Qian's Wei Lue and Zhao Wei's. These three books are regarded as the basic materials of Chen Shouzhi, and Shu has no history, so they are collected by themselves, and only get 15 volumes.

However, due to the work of a historian, this book was finally written. Therefore, the history of the Three Kingdoms is the product of cultural reintegration after the split of the Three Kingdoms. The History of the Three Kingdoms was first circulated as Wei Zhi, Shu Zhi and Wu Zhi respectively, and it was not until the sixth year of Xianping in the Northern Song Dynasty (1003) that the three books were merged into one book.