Sorting out the historical knowledge of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties I
1 Historical Events of the Three Kingdoms 1. Yellow Turbans Uprising
2. Dong Zhuo's political chaos: Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty
3. Relying on the Emperor to make the princes: Cao Cao and Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty
4. Battle of Guandu: Cao Caosheng and Yuan Shao unified the north.
Battle of Red Cliffs: Liu Bei and Sun Quan defeated Cao Cao.
6. The Three Kingdoms: In 220, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor in Luoyang, with the title of Wei; 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of Han, and was known as Shu in the world. In 222, Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing, with the title of Wu. Cai Jinlong Note: Pay attention to the order of the three.
7. The Battle of Wei Destroying Shu: Si Mazhao defeated Jiang Wei and Liu Chan.
8. Three points belong to gold: call the emperor to destroy the battle of Wu.
Science and technology culture 1. Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest: Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Dan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian.
2. San Cao: Cao Cao ("Short Songs" is the geometry of wine life? ) Cao Pi ("Dian Lun") Cao Zhi ("Luo Shen Fu")
3. Seven sons of Jian 'an: Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen.
4. Cai Yan: Cai Wenji's Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia.
5. Hua Tuo: The Five-beast Play of the Master Surgeon Ma Feisan
2 Historical events in Jin Dynasty 1. Jin unified into three parts: Wei destroyed Shu and Jin destroyed Wu.
2. The rise of the nobility
3. Chaos at home: the dictatorship of Jin Huidi, Jia Nanfeng, Wang Zhao and Sima Lun.
4. Eight Kings Rebellion
5. Five disorderly flowers: Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jie, Qiang and Di.
6. Five Horses Crossing the River: Si Marui and other five kings of Sima established the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
7. Clans disrupt politics: kings and horses dominate the world.
8. Eastern Jin Dynasty and Northern Expedition
9. Battle of Surabaya: Xie Ansheng, Fu Jian, whip, wind, grass and soldiers.
10. Clan rebellion:
1 1. Emperor Wu usurped gold: the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished and the Southern Song Dynasty was established.
Science and technology culture 1. Novels: Zhang Hua's Natural History, Gan Bao's Searching for the Gods, and Ge Hong's Biography of Immortals.
2. History books: History of the Three Kingdoms by Chen Shou and History of the Later Han Dynasty by Ye Fan.
3. Poetry: Zuo Si's Sandu Fu and Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden.
4. Folklore: Liang Zhu (Eastern Jin Dynasty)
5. Painting: The spirit of painting the sacred ribbon in the "The Goddess of Luo" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty of Gu Kaizhi.
6. Calligraphy: cursive script (Cao Zhang): Suo Jing's "Yue Yi Tie" in the Western Jin Dynasty; Cursive script (now grass): seventeen pieces of Wang Xizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and duck head pills in Wang Xianzhi; Running script: Preface to Mourning Lanting by Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
7. Religion: Hui Yuan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was the founder of Pure Land Sect. Faxian was the first monk in China who went west to seek Dharma.
Historical events of the Southern and Northern Dynasties 1. Southern Dynasties: Song Qi's Beautiful Day
2. Northern Dynasties: Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou.
3. The rise of the Northern Wei Dynasty: Emperor Tuoba (one of the three martial arts to destroy Buddha) and Emperor Xiaowen Tuoba Hong (moved to Luoyang)
4. The division of the Northern Wei Dynasty: the confrontation between the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty.
5. Abolish the emperor and usurp the throne: After abolishing and killing the emperor of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Gao Huan took control of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and established the Northern Qi Dynasty; Yu Wentai controlled the Western Wei Dynasty, abolished the emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty and established the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
6. Unifying the North: Yu Wenyong, Emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, marched eastward to the Northern Qi Dynasty.
7. The demise of the North and the South: Emperor Wen of Sui replaced Zhou as the emperor, destroyed Chen and unified the whole country.
Science and technology culture 1. Narrative Long Poems: Peacocks Flying Southeast in the Southern Dynasties and Mulan Poems in the Northern Dynasties
2. Literary research: Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long is the first systematic masterpiece of literary theory in China, and Zhao Ming Wen Xuan edited by Liang and Xiao Tong in the Southern Dynasties is the earliest existing poetry collection in China.
3. Geographical works: Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics.
4. Grottoes art: Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Xinjiang, Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi, Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan.
5. Calligraphy: Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were young people who developed regular script, and the inscriptions in the Southern and Northern Dynasties were the treasure house of regular script. The inscriptions in the Northern Dynasties, the so-called Weibei calligraphy, are bold and vigorous, muddy and changeable in posture. The famous is "Longmen Twenty Products"
6. Agronomy: Jia Sixie's The Book of Qi Yao Min is the earliest and most complete agronomy work in China.
7. Mathematics: Zu Chongzhi's pi is accurate to seven decimal places.
Historical knowledge collation of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties II
Three Kingdoms
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, we heard many stories about the Three Kingdoms, and the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms has become a household name through the interpretation of TV series. The story of diusim in the novel is not a historical figure. She was selected as one of the four beauties in ancient times as a fictional identity.
Sixteen States in Jin Dynasty, Wuhu Dynasty
? Why not eat minced meat? Emperor Hui Jin was unable to govern the country, and empress Jia Nanfeng was marginalized, which led to the Western Jin Dynasty? Eight Kings Rebellion? . Hu ren took the opportunity to go south. Wuhu? Mainly refers to the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Anta, Qiang, Bianda and other tribes. But this is only the representative of the southern conference semifinals. They established several regimes in the north, and the war also caused the Han people in the north to move southward on a large scale. In addition, Si Marui established the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the south, and the economic center of gravity began to move southward gradually. What is Master Chen Yinque's evaluation of this period? Inject the savage and exquisite blood beyond the Great Wall into the decadent body of Central Plains culture, remove the old dye, restart the new machine, expand and expand, and create an unprecedented world situation. ?
In Jin Yong's novel Tian Ba Long Bu, there is a A Mu Fu Rong who is bent on saving the country. The country he wants to restore is several regimes named Yan established by the Murong Department of Xianbei during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. But Mu Rongfu is doomed to be a tragic character. He lived in the Northern Song Dynasty. Not only the sixteen countries have long since died, but also the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Even the unified Sui and Tang Dynasties perished. It's really hard.
Southern and Northern Dynasties
The Northern and Southern Dynasties refer to several imperial courts that confronted the North and the South. Northern Dynasties include Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou. The Southern Dynasties experienced the change of four regimes: Song, Qi, Liang and Chen. The TV series "Warrior Lan Ling" is about Gao Changgong, the royal family of the Northern Qi Dynasty.
Learning point
1. Do Zheng Zhi.
This is the system of selecting officials in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Before that, there was the imperial examination system in Han dynasty, and then there was the imperial examination in Sui and Tang dynasties. The system of selecting officials in this era is an extension of the procuratorial system that has been controlled by gentry.
Medium refers to the classification of products, and the nine categories are divided into three categories: upper, middle and lower. * * * Do it. Evaluation is based on family background and behavior (personal character ability), and family background is only a reference. However, after the Jin Dynasty, the rank was completely determined by family background. Those who are born in poverty can only be rated as inferior, no matter how high the evaluation is; Those from wealthy families can be among the best if they don't perform well.
During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, due to the prevalence of Jiupin Zheng Zhi system, it was formed. The top grade is not poor, and the bottom grade is not cremated? The situation also makes it difficult for the poor to give birth to your son. Many literary works in this period came from wealthy families. The royal family of the eastern jin dynasty. Xie Daowen, Xie Lingyun and Xie Jia in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Cao Zhi, Wei, Cao Jia.
2. Seven sons of Jian 'an and Seven sages of Bamboo Forest
Jian 'an Qizi
Han Jian An period (196? 220), seven writers, including Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Serina Liu. These seven people generally represent outstanding writers except Cao Shi and his son (namely, Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi) in Jian 'an period.
At St. Amethyst? Can you make pears when you are four years old? , said the story of Kong Rong, the first of the seven sons of Jian 'an. Kong Rong was killed by Cao Cao for insulting Confucianism. Because Kong Rong proposed it? In fact, anti-filial piety is because of mocking Cao Cao. Who is Cao Cao? He can't lose a little. In fact, Kong Rong, the twentieth grandson of Confucius, was also very filial. He advocates? What is the relationship between a father and his son? As far as its original intention is concerned, it is actually lust. What can a child do to his mother? For example, in the mail bottle, it came out and left. It is entirely because he saw the hypocrisy of the rulers controlling the people with Confucianism, and his criticism of filial piety has anti-feudal ethical significance.
The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
The Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest refer to Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Dan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian in the Wei Dynasty (240-250). Because he often lived under the bamboo forest in Shanyang county (now Xiuwu area) at that time, drinking and singing freely, he was called the seven sages of the world, and later named the bamboo forest after the land name.
There are a pair of uncles among the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest, who are the sons and grandsons of Ruan Yu, one of the Seven Sages of Jian 'an. Cao Xueqin regards Ruan Ji as an idol, whose nickname is also called? Dream? . Jia Baoyu in his works has the character shadow of Ruan Ji.
Ruan Ji is the first of the seven sages, and his remarks are even more shocking than Kong Rong's. Like he was drunk for 60 days? Killing father is a guest? The man who killed his father can be a guest. He often drives to the wilderness alone and cries bitterly, saying that he has no way out in this world. But what about Ruan Ji? Don't hide from people Because I never said that people are good or bad, I saved a life. Ji Kang is not so lucky.
Whether it is the seven sons of Jian 'an or the seven sages of bamboo forest, there may be some behaviors and remarks that people could not understand at that time. However, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, celebrities dared to rebel against the rulers, lived upright all their lives, and would rather die than surrender. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the struggles of celebrities were mainly stories of escape and mystery. Their inner pain comes from disappointment with reality. On the one hand, they struggle with grotesque words and deeds, on the other hand, they are also exploring new ways out of life.
live alone
Last time, my name was Rolling? The perfect man? . In fact, as we all know, no one is perfect, but I prefer Zhang Heng. I can't comment on Cao Cao now. I am just curious about how he treats his friends and family as a person.
Cao Cao once killed his friend Lv Boshe's family by mistake because of suspicion. The explanation for his behavior is:? I would rather be negative than negative. ? To tell the truth, Cao Cao should know that it is hateful for him to tell the truth.
The same is true for your own family. When Cao Chong, the prodigy son of Cao Cao, died young, his accusation of the truth about Chou He came online again. He said to Cao Pi, Chong's death is my misfortune and your luck. . Cao Pi is so embarrassed. After Cao Chong's death, Cao Cao wanted to kill Zhou Buyi, a prodigy who was on par with Cao Chong at that time. Cao Pi remonstrated that Zhou Buyi was talented. Cao Cao said,? This man is beyond your control? What if Cao Chong is still alive? Can you agree that there is no doubt? . Xelloss vomited blood directly from his heart. Is he the father? It's embarrassing.
? Nothing is more successful than success. . You succeeded, and everything you did was right. Maybe as confident as Cao Cao? Successful people? Don't care about other people's opinions, especially those he thinks are mediocre, even his own son.
Although Cao Cao killed Kong Rong, an angry youth, and Hua Tuo, a famous doctor, it was not that he did not love talents. Because Cai Wenji's father Cai Yong was his good friend, he spared Guan Yu and redeemed Cai Wenji. What a contradictory person.
Sorting out the historical knowledge of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties III
The Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 220? 589)
Three kingdoms: Wei (220-265), Cao Pishu (22 1-263), Wu (222-280).
Sima Yan in the Western Jin Dynasty (265-3 17)
Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420) Emperor Jin and Yuan of Si Marui.
Politics: Battle of Guandu, Battle of Red Cliffs, Rebellion of Eight Kings (Emperor Jinhui), Zulu Northern Expedition, Battle of Feishui,
Emperor xiaowen's reform and land equalization system in the northern wei dynasty.
culture
1. Literature
Three Cao Cao: Cao Cao: Look at the sea; Cao Pi: Xing; Cao Zhi: Ode to Luoshen
Seven sons of Jian 'an: Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen.
Tao Yuanming is an idyllic poet, and Xie Lingyun is a landscape poet in Taohuayuan.
2. Art
Wang Xizhi: The Eastern Jin Dynasty, a book sage, Preface to Lanting.
Gu Kaizhi: Eastern Jin Dynasty, painter, a female history, a Luoshen.
Ye Fan: The Book of the Later Han Dynasty; Chen Shou: History of the Three Kingdoms
Liu Yiqing: Shi Shuo Xin Yu;
Liu Xie: Wen Xin Diao Long, a monograph on literary theory.
Shen: Taiwan Province Province is the first province with coastal water and soil records.
The first four histories: Historical Records, History of Han, History of Later Han and History of the Three Kingdoms.
3. Technology
Mathematics: Zu Chongzhi: Southern Dynasties, Pi.
Agriculture: Jia Sixie: Northern Dynasties, Qi Yao Min Shu.
Geography: Li Daoyuan: Notes on Water Mirror in Northern Wei Dynasty.
Historical knowledge collation of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties (IV)
From the Three Kingdoms to the Jin Dynasty, one point of the world is divided into three points.
1.200 years, the battle of Guandu, the victory of Cao Cao VS Yuan Shao and Cao Cao laid the foundation for the reunification of the North.
2.208 years, Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun Liu Lianjun VS Cao Cao. Sun and Liu joined forces to win, and a tripartite confrontation was formed.
In 3.220, Cao Pi built Wei; 22 1 year, Liu Bei jianhan; In 229, Sun attacked Wu.
North and South? North-South pattern
1. Southern Dynasties: 420-589 AD, Song Qi Liang Chen.
2. Northern Dynasties: 386-58 1, Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou.
Second, the sinicization of ethnic minorities? Reform of Emperor Xiaowen in Northern Wei Dynasty
Move the capital to Luoyang to better learn and accept the advanced culture of the Han nationality; Sinicization policy: learning Chinese; Wear hanfu; Use China surname; Marry with the Han nationality; Adopt the official system and laws of the Han nationality; Learn the etiquette of the Han nationality
1. History: The History of the Three Kingdoms written by Chen Shou in the Western Jin Dynasty mainly records the biographical national history of the Three Kingdoms period, which is one of the foundations for Luo Guanzhong to create the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
2. Novel
(1) Sou Shen Ji: The highest achievement of ancient mystery novels, collected by Gan Bao in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is there? Mo Xie? 、? Yong Dong? Equality myth
(2) Shi Shuo Xin Yu: a note novel describing anecdotes of characters in Wei and Jin Dynasties.
3. Scholars
(1) Tao Yuanming: Bright personality, no.56. Return to the Garden, Biography of Mr. Wuliu, Peach Blossom Garden, Return to Xi Word
(2) Zhuge Liang: "model" and "commandment book"