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Are the three kingdoms in history really called Wei, Shu and Wu?
Speaking of the turbulent Three Kingdoms, we all know the eventful history that will be divided for a long time and divided for a long time.

They are also familiar with Wei, Shu and Wu.

So the three countries are Wei, Shu and Wu, and there seems to be no objection.

However, real history is really not like this.

In 220 AD, Cao Cao's second son, Cao Pi, did something his father dreamed of doing, officially ending the Han Dynasty, kicking off Emperor Liu Xie and establishing a new national title "Wei". People call it "Cao Wei" to distinguish it from the later Northern Wei Dynasty.

So there is no problem with Wei in the Three Kingdoms.

In 229 AD, Sun Quan of the South China could not bear loneliness, and was also called the emperor. His country name is Wu, and his history name is Wu.

So there is no problem with Wu in the Three Kingdoms.

The problem lies in Liu Bei Group, which is the most bumpy since the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Portrait of Liu Bei

In the second year after Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, in AD 22 1 year, Liu Bei Group, which was bent on restoring the Han Dynasty, saw the demise of the Han Dynasty and quickly held high the banner of the Han Dynasty in Shu, so it undoubtedly used the name "Han" to express the legitimacy of its regime until its death in AD 263. Liu Bei Group has always taken the slogan of reviving the Han Dynasty, and since 22 1, it has always taken the name of "Han".

There has never been a case named Shu.

The name "Shu Han" is to distinguish the former Eastern Han Dynasty from the Western Han Dynasty. It is similar to the appellation of Wu Dong and Cao Wei, indicating a difference.

Therefore, the three countries should be Wei, Han and Cai Wu. In many film and television dramas about the Three Kingdoms, the banner of Shu not only made historians angry internally, but also made the coffin board angry.

Why is there such an error?

This can be traced back to the official history of the Three Kingdoms, Chen Shou. In the History of the Three Kingdoms, he recorded the history of Shu Han in the name of Shu Shu. The historical events of the other two countries in the Three Kingdoms belong to Shu Wei and Wu Shu respectively.

From here on, the appellations of Wei, Shu and Wu began to appear and spread.

Examples of Shu Books in the History of the Three Kingdoms

This mistake is not Chen Shouzhi's negligence.

Although Chen Shou was a courtier, after his death, Chen Shou became a courtier of Sima Jin Dynasty who succeeded Cao Wei. According to the tradition of compiling history, Chen Shou must take Cao Wei of the Three Kingdoms as the orthodoxy, otherwise it indirectly denies the legitimacy of Sima's regime. If Chen Shou insists on remembering Shu as Han, not only will the official history of the Three Kingdoms be destroyed, but Chen Shou's head will also be lost.

With the help of the authority of official history, the wrong title of "Shu" spread all over the world, and with the influence of some novels, films and even unprofessional historical maps of the Three Kingdoms, this mistake was deeply rooted in people's hearts.

To sum up, the real Three Kingdoms should be Wei, Han and Wu.

After the demise of the Han Dynasty in 220 AD, it became history as a unified dynasty. Today, people regard the 60 years from AD 220 to March 280 (Jin was usurped by Wei) as the era of the three countries' hegemony. We often talk about Wei, Shu and Wu. But from a historical point of view, there are no so-called Wei, Shu and Wu in history, at least not Wei and Shu. Let's look at it one by one: 1, Wei. In the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Pi forced Xian Di to abdicate, formally replacing the Han Dynasty, establishing Cao Wei and making Luoyang its capital. There are several key words to see here, the first is abdication, and the second is replacement. That is to say, according to the replacement of ancient dynasties, Han was the earth virtue, Wei Mude, wood was born in the soil, Wei replaced Han, and the destiny was transferred from the land of the great man to the wood of the great Wei. In addition, because Wei replaced Han through a series of "legal" procedures and formalities-abdication, the unified Han Dynasty became the Great Wei. From the perspective of political heritage, the Great Wei Dynasty includes not only the inherent territory in the north controlled by Wei itself, but also the "Shu Han" with Sichuan as the main body and the "Dongwu" in the southeast occupied by Liu's descendants who have not recovered or completed the "counter-insurgency" for the time being. This can be seen in the Analysis of the System of "Remote Neighbouring Countries" in the Three Kingdoms Period. Therefore, in the political performance of Wei, they are completing the reunification of the Great Wei. 2. Shu. It can be said that there was no regime called Shu in the history from 220 to 280 AD. Looking at history, we say that "in 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of Han". We should understand that the important reason for Liu Bei's rise in the late Han Dynasty is that he has a political foundation-the Han Dynasty. Liu Bei has always regarded himself as the royal family of Liu, just like Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of that year. They all started with the banner of revitalizing the Han Dynasty, so Liu Bei's regime can only continue the title of "Han". For Liu Bei's political and military group, this is their political lifeline and the basis of legal existence, and it is their strategic goal and ultimate goal to recover and restore the Han Dynasty ... In addition, in the political sense, Liu Bei's political and military group not only actually controlled the "Shu Han" actually occupied by Wei in Sichuan for a long time, but also included Wei in the north and Wu in the southeast. For a long time, Liu Bei's political and military groups gave full play to the long-distance leadership, such as Yongzhou, Liangzhou and Shuhan regimes. For example, Jiang Wei took Liangzhou secretariat from a distance. Its political basis and military reasons are all expressed and expounded in the System Analysis of "Remote Territorial Law" in the Three Kingdoms Period, and the General Plan of Shu and Han Northern Expedition and the Setting of Liangzhou Secretariat. 3. Wu. Wu's performance in the three regimes is the most embarrassing, that is, there is no political legacy of abdication and no royal coronation, so there is no performance in political performance. I'll play with you, stop Wei He's unified action, maintain the balance of the three forces, and keep the existing territory in the southeast-that is, we don't want to do it either. I just want to keep the inheritance of Jiangdong's "father and brother"-the separatist regime. But they are also playing remote collar, and their more nature is to cooperate with Shu Han and take advantage-they are idle anyway, so I will give it back to you if you want. In other words, Wu has no chance to unify the world. In a word, become Wu.