Lin Zexu: 1839, Lin Zexu was sent to Guangzhou by Daoguang Emperor to ban smoking, conduct unannounced visits and secret investigations, arrest cigarette dealers and collect opium. In June, the opium was destroyed in Humentan, which was a great victory of China people's struggle against smoking and showed the strong will of the Chinese nation against foreign aggression. Lin Zexu, who led this struggle, became a national hero, and this activity became the fuse of the Opium War.
2. Lesson Two Crimes of Foreign Powers' Aggression against China during the Second Opium War
Hong Xiuquan: Leading Tian Ping Tian Dao Movement
3. Lesson 3 Recovering Xinjiang
Left: Left, as an imperial envoy, adopted the strategy of "going north first, then slowing south, then fighting urgently" to recover Xinjiang. In order to strengthen the management and defense of the northwest frontier, the Qing government established a province in Xinjiang from 65438 to 0884.
4. Lesson 6 Westernization Movement
Li Hongzhang founded China Merchants in Shanghai, Zhang Zhidong founded Hanyang Iron Works and Hubei Textile Layout. From 1970s to 1980s, three navies, namely, Nanhai, Beiyang and Fujian, were established. Shi Jing Wentong Library, founded in 1862, is the first new school founded by the Westernization School.
5. Lesson 7 1898 Reform Movement
1.1In the spring of 895, Kang Youwei's "Letter to the Bus" opened the prelude to the political reform.
2.1From June to September, 898, Emperor Guangxu promulgated a series of decrees, the content of which (P33): it is required to master from five aspects: politics, economy, military affairs, education and ideology.
Lesson 8 Xinhai Revolution
1. 1894, Sun Yat-sen organized a revolutionary group, the Zhong Xing Society. 1905 Established a unified revolutionary organization, China League, with Sun Yat-sen as the prime minister, and adopted the revolutionary program of overthrowing the Qing Dynasty, abolishing absolute monarchy, establishing a democratic republic and reforming the land system. Its establishment greatly promoted the bourgeois democratic revolutionary movement throughout the country. Social magazine was first published.
2. The Xinhai Revolution of1911overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty, ended the feudal monarchy in China for more than 2,000 years, and made the concept of democratic republic deeply rooted in people's hearts. However, the achievements of the Revolution of 1911 were stolen by Yuan Shikai, a northern warlord, and failed to complete the task of anti-imperialism and feudalism.
Lesson 9 New Culture Movement
1. 19 15, Chen Duxiu and other intellectuals held high the two banners of "democracy" and "science", took New Youth magazine as the main position, set off a new culture movement, and attacked Zun Kong with four main ideas and four oppositions as the main content, thus setting off a trend of ideological emancipation in society.
2. 19 18. Li Dazhao published two articles, The Victory of the Common People and The Victory of Bolshevism, to promote Marxism.
3. The New Culture Movement is an unprecedented ideological emancipation movement in the history of our country. It inspires people to pursue democracy and science, explores the truth of saving the country and the people, and creates conditions for the spread of Marxism in China. However, the absolute negation or affirmation of the eastern and western cultures in the New Culture Movement influenced the later.
Northern Expedition (1926-1927)
Huangpu Military Academy was founded in 1. 1924, with Zhou Enlai as the principal, and trained a large number of military and political talents.
2. 1926, the Northern Expedition of Guangdong National Government, aimed at overthrowing the rule of Beiyang warlords and unifying the whole country; Object: Wu, Sun and Zhang; Main battlefields: Hunan and Hubei; Main battles: Tingsi Bridge, and Sheng Qiao; Destroyed Wu's main force in the battlefield between the two lakes; Less than half a year after his graduation, the Northern Expeditionary Army moved from the Pearl River Valley to the Yangtze River Valley, and the National Government moved from Guangzhou to Wuhan.
3. 1927 In April, Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution and established the "National Government" in Nanjing. It represents the interests of the big landlords and the big bourgeoisie. It relies on imperialism abroad and suppresses the people's revolutionary movement at home.
A single spark can start a prairie fire.
1.1927 August1day, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Zhu De and others led the Nanchang Uprising and fired the first shot of armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries.
2.1In September, 927, Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising, launched an attack on the rural areas with weak enemy forces, and established the first rural revolutionary base area in China: Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base Area. Nanchang Uprising and Autumn Harvest Uprising were the beginning of China's independent leadership of the revolutionary war, the establishment of the people's army and the establishment of rural revolutionary base areas.
The Red Army is not afraid of expeditions.
Zunyi Conference and Mao Zedong on the way to the Long March.
Unforgettable September 18
Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng: In order to force Jiang to resist Japan, the "Xi Incident" was launched on June1936,65438+February 12. After the incident, China advocated a peaceful settlement in the interests of the whole nation. Since then, the ten-year civil war has basically ended, and the anti-Japanese national United front has initially taken shape.
Better be dead than conquered people.
Tong and Zhao: 1937, the Japanese army launched an attack on the defenders of China at Lugouqiao, which caused the July 7th Incident and the China People's National War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out. In this incident, Tong and Zhao died for their country and fell one after another. At this time, the Anti-Japanese National United Front was formally established.
There are too many historical figures in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression after that, so I won't list them one by one.
In the following unit 6, Zhang Jian, Zhan Tianyou, Hou and others also have this important historical position. See Resources for details.
See/link? URL = afdptzjjqdnnjxxzcxy 3 wh _ om 2d xowmtfrmoqs 5 fsqmkn 5 clzst _ qPxfezSJncSyYI-ale 7 wttym 6 vgxjdqjz _