During the period of 1954, Professor Zhang Erdao of Northwest University wrote Precambrian Strata in Songshan, Henan Province, and named a set of slightly metamorphic or non-metamorphic rock strata in Wufoshan area as "Wufoshan System", which is considered to be equivalent to Hutuo System in North China. It is pointed out that there is unconformity contact between Wufoshan system and Songshan quartzite, which was first recognized and named as "Zhongyue Movement" and was first discovered in the upper part of Wufoshan system. Lydekidae, a trilobite fossil, was found in Panlonggou, Wu Zhiling, which is equivalent to Zhushadong limestone. This rock stratum is divided into Lower Cambrian.
During the period of 1957, Professor Ma Xingyuan of Beijing Institute of Geology conducted a route geological survey in Dengfeng area and wrote the Precambrian strata and their correlation in Songshan area, Henan Province. Zhang Bosheng's Taishan complex was changed to Dengfeng complex, which is considered to belong to Wutai system, while Songshan quartzite and Wu Zhiling schist belong to Hutuo system.
1958, Yang Zhijian of North China Petroleum Survey Brigade put forward "Lower Paleozoic in western Henan and its correlation" by using the petroleum survey results of 1957. In this paper, it is considered that the Wufoshan system classified by predecessors should belong to Sinian system rather than Hutuo system, and it is proposed for the first time that the purple gravel quartzite seen in Songbiao, Dengfeng and Gushan, Linrujiao are glacial deposits.
65438-0959, the Precambrian Stratigraphic Research Group of Songshan Area, Laboratory of Precambrian Geology and Metamorphic Rock, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, started its research work in Songshan. 1960, Professor Wang Yuelun published the paper Geological Observation of Songshan Mountain, and Wang Zejiu published the paper Introduction of Two Absolute Times of Songshan Mountain in Henan Province and 1963 Precambrian Stratigraphic Report of Songshan Mountain. The report further confirmed and affirmed "Songyang Movement" and "Zhongyue Movement". The unconformity between Wufoshan and CAMBRIAN was named "Shaolin Movement". Wang Zejiu's K-Ar method was used to date the isotopic samples of Guojiayao pegmatite in Dengfeng to 2.345 billion years. Trilobite fossils have also been found in the limestone stratum of Sanguanmiao in Dengfeng, which is equivalent to Zhusha Cave. This limestone is named "Downhole Limestone", and the gravel under it is named "Guankou Gravel".
In the same year, teachers and students from Kaifeng Normal University and Zhengzhou Geological School joined hands to conduct a geological survey of1500,000 in western Henan, and compiled a comprehensive description of the geological maps of Yiyang, Pengpo, Gao Ming, Yiyang, Dakou, Angelababy, Linru Town and Yang Lou in western Henan.
1960, the strata team of western Henan of Northwest University measured Paleozoic strata profiles in Tang Yao, Dengfeng and Wufoshan of Yanshi. The Research Institute of Henan Geological Bureau has written the Stratigraphic Research Report of Linbaoqun in stratigraphic regionalization, songji, Henan Province. The Stratigraphic Research Report of Jishan Area in Henan Province was compiled by the Western Henan Stratigraphic Team of Zhengzhou Geological School. At this stage, many stratigraphic sections were measured and a certain number of paleontological fossils were collected, especially the Paleozoic strata were studied in detail, which improved the research level of strata in this area.
In the same year, the Institute of Geological Sciences of the Ministry of Geology and Lin studied the moraine layer in western Henan and wrote the Early Paleozoic moraine layer and its horizon significance in southern North China. After Yang Zhijian put forward the horizon of the Sinian moraine in western Henan in 1958, he clarified the long-standing dispute on the basis of full investigation materials and named the moraine as "luoquan Formation".
Since 1964, Beijing Institute of Geology has taken Songshan as the practice base for students. Almost every year, teachers and students practice in Songshan and get a lot of first-hand information. The geological map of Songshan area in Henan compiled by 1972 and the geological map of Jingwan area in Sanguanmiao in Dengfeng compiled by 1973 further divide Songshan Group into four groups: Luohandong, Wu Zhiling, Jingwan and Yu Xiaohua.
Since 1974, the regional geological survey team of Henan Geological Bureau has made a regional geological survey of Xuchang Sheet, including the eastern part of Songshan Mountain. Some breakthroughs have been made in basic geological research, such as the collection of various conodont fossils in the original Majiagou Formation, which further proves that the Lower Ordovician in Songshan area and even in western Henan Province is missing, and the Middle Ordovician is directly and falsely integrated on the Upper Cambrian.
1976 to 1980, the Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geophysical Exploration, Hubei Institute of Geology, Changchun Institute of Geology, Northwest University, Lanzhou University, Henan Institute of Geological Sciences and related geological teams conducted a comprehensive investigation and study on the geological structure characteristics, pre-Sinian stratigraphic correlation and deposit characteristics of Xuchang iron mine area and its periphery, thus studying the geological structure, rock characteristics and mineralization of Songshan Mountain. Northwest University has compiled a paper on Precambrian Geology and Iron-rich Ore in Southern North China, and Songshan Team of Wuhan Institute of Geology has compiled a paper on Precambrian Structural Deformation History and Paleotectonic Morphology in Songshan Area of Henan Province on 1977. Therefore, the degree of geological research in Songshan Mountain has been obviously improved.
198 1 year, Ma Xingyuan and Suoshutian compiled "Songshan Structural Deformation-Gravity Structure, Structural Analysis" on the basis of more than 20 years' research on Songshan System, and summarized and expounded the geological characteristics of Songshan area in a very detailed and comprehensive way. During the period of 1983, at the site meeting of "Precambrian geological structure" held in Dengfeng, experts came to the site and gave unanimous praise to Professor Ma Xingyuan's technical method and theory of studying Precambrian geology from deformed structure.
During the period of 1986 ~ 1989, Henan Institute of Geological Sciences cooperated with Nanjing University to study Archean granite-greenstone in this area, and gained some new knowledge about the formation and evolution of Dengfeng complex.
During the period of 1978 ~ 1989, the regional geological survey team of Henan Province carried out1:50,000 regional geological surveys in Dengfeng, Mixian and Dawei in the east of Songshan, which was the beginning of conventional large-scale regional geological surveys in Songshan area. Many paleontological fossils were recovered in Mesozoic strata, and a new understanding of the existence of moraine layer in early Pleistocene (about 2 million years ago) in Songshan area was put forward.
1994 to 1996. The Preparatory Committee of the 30th International Geological Congress listed Songshan as one of the geological tourist routes. Henan province sent a team to study the geological structure characteristics and evolution of Precambrian in Songshan (including Jishan area), conducted a new round of research on the geological structure characteristics and evolution of Precambrian in Songshan, compiled a guide to geological tourism routes (English) and published it publicly, and wrote the Geological Structure Characteristics and Evolution of Precambrian in Songshan.
Songshan Mountain is a mysterious mountain in the eyes of the world. In the eyes of geoscientists, it is an encyclopedia left by nature that can never be read; In the eyes of geologists, it is a holy land. As a natural geological museum, she showed us a dazzling array of geological relics. As an ideal geological practice base, she has trained generations of geological talents for the motherland. In the 1960s, Wen Jiabao, Qiu Zhuding and Li Jinling, who were studying in Beijing Institute of Geology, wrote their graduation thesis based on the data collected from their internship in Songshan, thus starting their geological work. Professor China Academy of Sciences, Professor You Zhendong, Professor Suo and Professor Guo devoted their lives to the geological research of Songshan Mountain. In half a century, they traveled all over the mountains, rivers, ravines and ridges of Songshan Mountain and talked about the geological phenomena of Songshan Mountain. Ma Xingyuan wrote, "Songshan is my teacher and I am a friend of Songshan; Dashan is my teacher and I am a friend of Dashan ",expressing my feelings and comments on Songshan.
With the construction of the National Geopark, Songshan Mountain will be presented to the world with a more beautiful face. Songshan is welcoming all explorers, tourists and earth scientists with open arms to enjoy the vigorous "three major movements" and numerous "five generations under one roof" and explore the mysteries of the abyss.