Fan Zhongyan (August 29, 989-1May 20, 052), of Greek origin, Han nationality. Suzhou Wuxian people. An outstanding thinker, politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was young, and his mother remarried Changshan Zhu, so he changed his name to Zhu Yue. In the eighth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (10 15), Fan Zhongyan studied hard, awarded Guangdejun's manager to join the army, welcomed his mother back to raise him, and changed his name. Later, he served as Xinghua county magistrate, manager of Secret Pavilion School, chief judge of Zhou Chen, and well-known in Suzhou. And has been repeatedly criticized for his rude remarks.

In the first year of Kangding (1040), he served as an agreement with Han Qi to appease and attract Shaanxi, and adopted the policy of "cultivating fields for a long time" to consolidate the northwest frontier defense. For three years (1043), Li Qing participated in the discussion of state affairs and launched the "Qingli New Deal". Soon, when the New Deal was frustrated, Fan Zhongyan was demoted to Beijing and learned about Zhangzhou, Dengzhou, Hangzhou and Qingzhou.

In the fourth year (1052), it was changed to Yingzhou, and Fan Zhongyan took office for illness and died on the way, at the age of 64. The King of Chu posthumously conferred the title of Minister of War, posthumous title "Zheng Wen", known as the Duke of Fan Wenzheng.

Fan Zhongyan's political achievements are outstanding, and his literary achievements are outstanding. His thought of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later" and the integrity of people with lofty ideals have a far-reaching impact on future generations. There are a number of Fan Wenzheng official documents handed down from ancient times.

2. Wang Anshi

Wang Anshi (102 1 year1February 81May 2, 0861day), Han nationality, Linchuan Mid-Levels, was a famous thinker, politician, writer and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Li Qing two years (1042), Wang Anshi Jinshi. He has successively signed judges in Yangzhou, magistrate in Yinxian and judge in Zhou Shu, and achieved remarkable results.

In the second year of Xining (1069), he served as a political commissar, met with the Prime Minister the following year and presided over the political reform. Because of the opposition of the old school, Xining went on strike for seven years (1074). A year later, Song Shenzong was put into use again and retired to Jiangning. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), the Conservative Party gained power and all the new laws were abolished. Yu Ran died in Zhongshan and was posthumously given to a teacher. Shao Shengyuan (1094) was named "Wen", so he was called Wang Wengong.

Wang Anshi devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics and wrote books, which was praised as "learning Confucianism", initiated "learning Gong Jing" and promoted the formation of the style of study in the Song Dynasty. Philosophically, he expounded the formation of the universe with the theory of "five elements", which enriched and developed the thoughts of China and ancient naive materialism. His philosophical proposition of "dividing the old from the new" pushed China's ancient dialectics to a new height.

3. uncle kou

Kou Shu (961-1023101October 24th) was born in Xiaao, Huazhou (now Weinan, Shaanxi). Politicians and poets in the Northern Song Dynasty,

In the fifth year of Taiping Xingguo (980), he was awarded the evaluation of Dali and Badong and Cheng 'an counties. Honesty and uprightness, because of repeated admonitions, was gradually reused by Emperor Taizong. At the age of thirty-two, he was promoted to participate in politics. After Zhenzong acceded to the throne, he successively served as the third secretary in the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of War.

In the first year of Jingdezhen (1004), he and Bi, both counselors, were both prime ministers (the same as Pingzhang). That winter, the Khitan invaded the Song Dynasty and surrounded Yingzhou and other Hebei areas, which shocked the ruling and opposition parties. Kou Zhun opposed the southward migration and advocated the true clan affiliation, thus stabilizing the morale of the army and making the Song and Liao Dynasties conclude a "love alliance".

In the third year of Jingdezhen (1006), Wang Qinruo and others pushed him out and resigned. In the first year of Tianxi (10 17), he was reinstated as prime minister. Later, because he participated in the power struggle of the imperial court, he was excluded by Song and others and was relegated several times. Finally, Hu Si of Leizhou joined the army. In the first year of Tiansheng (1023), he died in Leizhou.

4. Han Qi

Han Qi (65438+August 5, 2008-1August 8, 075) was born in Anyang, Xiangzhou (now Anyang, Henan), and was drunk. Politicians and poets in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Han Qi was a scholar in the fifth year of Song Renzong Tiansheng (1027). He served as an official in prison and Kaifeng, and an admonition officer in the right department. He was ordered to help the hungry people in Sichuan. After the Song-Xia War broke out, he and Fan Zhongyan led the army to defend Xixia, enjoying high prestige in the army and being called "Han Fan". Later, he presided over the "Qingli New Deal" with Fan Zhongyan and Fu Bi.

Han Qi served as prime minister for ten years, assisted the Three Dynasties, and contributed to the prosperity and development of the Northern Song Dynasty. In North Korea, he strategized to make "the move to the DPRK clear and the world happy"; At the local level, he is loyal to his duties, diligent and loving the people. Like Fu Bi, he was a model bureaucrat in feudal society, also known as "Fu Han".

In the eighth year of Xining (1075), Han Qi died at the age of 68. Song Shenzong erected a monument for him, "The father of the two dynasties made decisions". A ministerial memorial, mourning the title of "loyalty", deserves to enjoy the temple court in Song Yingzong. When Song Huizong chased Wei Wang.

5. Bao Zheng

Bao Zheng (July 3, 999- 1062) was named the Stone Man. Luzhou Hefei (now Feidong, Hefei, Anhui) people. Famous officials in northern song dynasty.

Tiansheng five years (1027), Bao Zheng Jinshi. Tired of supervising the empire, he suggested training soldiers, selecting generals and enriching the border reserves. He has served as a judge in three divisions and a transshipment ambassador in JD.COM, Shaanxi and Hebei. He entered the DPRK as the deputy envoy of the third division of the Ministry of Housing and asked the court to allow salt solution to be traded and purchased. Change the understanding of the suggestion court and talk about illegal dignitaries as their agents many times.

He taught a bachelor's degree in Longtuge, served as a transshipment ambassador in Hebei, was transported to Yingzhou and Yangzhou, and was later called to North Korea. He was granted the right to know the government, the right to appoint an adviser, and the right of the third division. In the sixth year of Jiayou (106 1), he served as the deputy envoy of Shu Mi. As a former bachelor of Tianzhangge and Longtuge, he is known as the first of "Bao" and "Bao".

In the seventh year of Jiayou (1062), Bao Zheng died at the age of 64. As a posthumous gift, Shi claimed to be, and was later called Su. There is also the "Bao Xiao Su Gong Memorial Hall" passed down from generation to generation.

Bao Zheng is honest, upright and upright, independent and powerful, fair and wise, and dares to redress grievances for the people. Therefore, he is called "Bao Qingtian" and "Bao Gong", and there is a saying in Beijing that "Yamaraja will protect its old age if it can't reach unity". Later generations regarded him as a god, regarded him as the reincarnation of Kuixing, and was also called "Bao Qingtian" because of his black face image.