Shangqiu is the birthplace of pre-Shang and commerce. As early as 4,000 years ago, Zhu Die, the second concubine of Di Ku, was born (died) because she ate a mysterious bird, so Ode to Poets and Merchants said, "A mysterious bird is born by destiny." Wei Xiao is the ancestor of Shang. Xiangtu, the grandson of Wei Xiao, first invented the carriage, and Wang Hai, the grandson of VI, invented the ox cart. This is the record of "establishing soap prison, serving cattle and horses for the benefit of the people" in the history books. With the rapid development of agriculture and animal husbandry, Shang tribes became strong rapidly, and they produced a surplus of things. So Wang Hai, the ancestor of Shang Dynasty, developed production in Shangqiu with cattle and horses, pulled goods with ox carts, and engaged in transactions in other tribes, which initiated the commercial trade in China. Over time, people call the merchant tribes engaged in trade activities "merchants", the goods used for exchange as "commodities" and the occupations engaged by merchants as "commerce". The word "Shang" in Shangqiu originated from the fact that Shangqiu is the birthplace and settlement of Shang tribes, the earliest capital of Shang Dynasty and the birthplace of merchant business culture, so Shangqiu is known as the "source of three merchants". The word "autumn" in Shangqiu is the ruins of the capital of Shang Dynasty, so Shangqiu is called "the capital of Chinese businessmen".

Ancient capital of six dynasties

Shangqiu is the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties: the capital of Di Ku, the capital of Zhongxing in Shao Kang in Xia Dynasty, the founding capital of Shang Dynasty, the capital of Song State in Zhou Dynasty, the capital of Liang State in Han Dynasty and the founding capital of Southern Song Dynasty. Shangqiu is the earliest capital of Xia and Shang dynasties in China, with a history of more than 5000 years, 1500 years. It is the capital of san huang, such as Yanhuang, Suirenshi and Shennongshi. Shangqiu is an important ancient capital of China, the night scene of Shangqiu.

The capital was established at the earliest time with the longest span, with a calendar of 1500 years. Shangqiu is the capital of ancient emperors. In the 24th century BC, Zhuan Xu made Shangqiu its capital. The son of Qi, who was sealed in Shang (now Shangqiu) for helping Yu to control water, was the ancestor of merchants. About16th century BC, the first14th generation grandson of Qi was called Shang Dynasty in summer, and its capital was Nanbo (now Shangqiu). Shangqiu was the first capital of Shang Dynasty, which was built in Shangqiu six times. About 1 1 century BC, in the third year of Zhou Chengwang, after the Duke of Zhou put down the rebellion in Wu Geng, the king named Wei Zi, a descendant of Yin and Shang Dynasties, in Shangqiu, which was the capital of Song Dynasty. Shangqiu in the Western Han Dynasty was the capital of Liang, the most powerful vassal state in the Han Dynasty. Shangqiu was the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. In May of the second year of Jingkang (1 127), Zhao Gou ascended the throne in Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu), and Shangqiu became the founding capital of the Southern Song Dynasty.

Shangqiu is the capital of ancient emperors. In the 24th century BC, Sui Renshi, Zhuan Xu and Di Ku successively established their capitals in Shangqiu. Qi Zuoyu, the son of Di Ku, was named Shang (now Shangqiu) and was the ancestor of the merchants. About16th century B.C., the first14th generation grandchildren and Xia called Shang of Qi were all in Nanbo (now Shangqiu). About 1 1 century BC, in the third year of Zhou Chengwang, after the Duke of Zhou put down the rebellion in Wu Geng, he became king in Shangqiu, Song State, and made Wei Zi a descendant of Yin Shang. In the twenty-ninth year of Zhou and Wang (286 BC), Qi, Chu and Wei destroyed the Song Dynasty and divided it into three parts. Shangqiu belongs to Wei. During the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Party County and Chen County. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (in the first 202 years), it was changed to Liang State, which belonged to Yuzhou. In the first year of the Three Kingdoms (220), Liangzhou was changed to Liangxian. After Zhao, Zhao, Qian Qin, Hou Yan and Hou Qin, it is still Liang County. Southern Song Dynasty and Qi Dynasty were Nanliang County, belonging to South Xuzhou. Northern Wei Dynasty was Liang County, belonging to Southern Yanzhou. At the beginning of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, Liang County was abolished. In the 16th year (596), Songzhou was established, and in the 3rd year of Daye (607), Liangxian was restored. In the fourth year of Tang Wude (62 1), it was changed to Songzhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), it was located in Suiyang County and belonged to Henan Road. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), it was renamed Songzhou. In the third year of the Five Dynasties (909), Liang was promoted to Xuanwu Army, and in the first year of Tang Tongguang (923), he was changed to German Army. In the Five Dynasties, he was still Xuanwu Army. At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, Songzhou was restored. In the third year of Jingdezhen (1006), Songzhou was promoted to Yingtianfu, which belonged to Jingdong West Road (Yingtianfu was first ruled by JD.COM East Road and then ruled by Jingxi Road). In the seventh year of Dazhong Xiangfu (10 14), it was promoted to Nanjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. In May of the second year of Jingkang (1 127), Zhao Gou ascended the throne in Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu), which was then the founding capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. In the eighth year of Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty (1 130), it was renamed Guide House and belonged to Nanjing Road. Yuan returned to Germany and was deployed in Henan. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1368), the government was changed to a state, which belonged to Kaifeng. In the twenty-fourth year of Jiajing (1545), the state was promoted to the government. During the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, they returned to the German government. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), it was returned to the German government, and the counties under its jurisdiction were assigned to Yudong Road. 19 14 Change Yudong Road to Kaifeng Road. 1932 is the second administrative supervision area until 1948. 1948 1 1 After the liberation of the whole region, it became the first administrative region of Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu. 1949 was changed to Shangqiu District in March, which governs Shangqiu City and Shangqiu County, Sui County, Minquan County, Ningling County, Zhecheng County, Yucheng County and Xiayi County. 1950 In May, Chengguan District of Shangqiu County was transformed into Shangqiu City, and the original Shangqiu City was changed into Zhuji Market. 195 1 August, Zhuji and Shangqiu merged into Shangqiu City, ruling Zhuji. 1952 1 month, Yongcheng county was transferred from northern Anhui to Shangqiu. 1958 65438+February, Shangqiu area merged into Kaifeng area,196165438+February resumed. 1967 changed to Shangqiu area. 1977 10 lankao county was transferred from Kaifeng to the local area, and Lankao returned to Kaifeng in August 1980. 1June, 1997, Shangqiu District Administrative Office and Shangqiu City merged into the prefecture-level Shangqiu City (the former Shangqiu District Administrative Office and Shangqiu City were changed to liangyuan district, and the former Shangqiu County was changed to Suiyang District, and some districts of the two districts were transferred), which administered Liangyuan, Suiyang District, Yucheng, Xiayi, Quan Min, Ningling, Zhecheng County and Suixian County, and managed the county-level yongcheng city.