The author of Historical Records is Sima Qian.
Brief introduction of the author
Sima Qian (65438 BC+045 BC-90 BC) was born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi) and Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi). China was a great historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishiling, was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and later served as the secretariat. He worked hard to complete the historical records he wrote, and was called Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history by the later Buddha.
Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around, learning about customs and collecting rumors. As a first-time doctor, he served in the southwest. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108), he was appointed as the Taishiling, inherited his father's business and wrote history. He used it? On the occasion of the study of heaven and man, we can change from ancient times to modern times and become a family statement? He created China's first biography-Historical Records (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu). It is recognized as a model of China's history books, recording the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary period of the Yellow Emperor to the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Twenty-five history first, praised by Lu Xun? Historians sing a swan song, Li Sao has no rhyme? .
Content introduction
Historical Records is an epoch-making symbol in Chinese history. On the occasion of the study of heaven and man, we can change from ancient times to modern times and become a family statement? Sima Qian's great works are extremely valuable contributions to our national culture, especially to history. The book includes biographies, watches, books, aristocratic families and biographies, with a total of 130 articles and 526,500 words. ? Bangui. In addition to Qin Benji, it describes the political traces of the emperor, the supreme ruler of all previous dynasties; ? Watch? It is a simple memorabilia in various historical periods, and it is the connection and supplement of the narrative of the whole book; ? Books? It is the beginning and end documents of individual events, which respectively describe the development and present situation of astronomy, calendar, water conservancy, economy, culture and art, similar to the special scientific history of later generations; ? Family? Mainly describes the history of noble princes; ? Biography? Mainly biographies of different types and classes, while biographies of ethnic minorities describe the ruling history of foreign and domestic ethnic minorities. It is through these five different styles and their mutual cooperation and supplement that Historical Records has formed a complete system. Its chronicle, from the Yellow Emperor to the beginning of Liang Wudi (former 104? 10 1), which comprehensively describes the political, economic and cultural development of China from ancient times to the Han Dynasty, is a great summary of the ancient history of China.
theme
1, Sima Qian's economic thought can be described as fresh and original, because in the agricultural society at that time, he was able to speak up for the businessmen and advocate that industry, agriculture and commerce should be paid equal attention, which was really rare;
2. Progressive national outlook. In Historical Records, Sima Qian began to attribute the nationalities south of the Yangtze River to the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, which reflected his national view of a big country. At the same time, he opposed the expansion war of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty and looked forward to the peaceful coexistence of all ethnic groups.
3. It is particularly democratic and critical. Historical Records truly reflects the historical task. For example, his Biography of Emperor Wu of Liu Bang not only describes their great achievements, but also shows their ordinary and ridiculous side, and he attaches great importance to the lower class people and spares no effort to describe the lower class people.
4. Values and outlook on life and death, such as affirming Jing Ke's act of stabbing the king of Qin from the perspective of chivalrous people. In historical records, there is a famous saying that has made us think for thousands of years: people are inherently mortal, or they are heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather. ? The view of life and death different from ordinary people created Sima Qian and his immortal masterpiece.