Chicken culture
China chicken culture has a long history and rich connotations. In the first phase of Dadiwan Culture in Xishanping, Tianshui, Gansu, domestic chickens about 8,000 years ago have been found in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, China. Chicken? The word "chicken" indicates that China knew about chickens more than 3000 years ago. Chicken raising in China has a history of 8,000 years, and the recorded history is at least 3,000 years. It is one of the earliest countries to raise chickens in the world, and it is also the first country to discover that chickens have many medicinal values. In the traditional culture of China, dragons and phoenixes are both deified animals, while chickens are a kind of spirit birds with extraordinary life experiences. For example, the image of phoenix comes from chicken. Magnolia Taiping:? In the Yellow Emperor, the phoenix was regarded as a chicken. ? Legend has it that chickens are Japanese, China and Ukrainian, and crowing at sunrise brings light and can drive away monsters. According to the examination, Jin Dongxun's Q&A said: The first day of the first month is the Year of the Rooster, and Zheng Dan drew a chicken at the door. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, chicken became an evil thing in door paintings. In the Southern Dynasties, Zongao's Chronicle of Jingchu was also recorded? The first day of the first month? Stick a picture on the henhouse, hang a reed rope on it, and insert a peach symbol next to it. Are you afraid? . This custom has been handed down and became the custom of sticking chicken on the lintel during the Spring Festival in Chengdu, Sichuan. Have you ever painted in Taohuawu? Wang Zhen Chicken House? The New Year picture is a rooster with a poisonous insect in its mouth.
Cockfighting has flourished for a long time in the history of our country, and it is regarded as a pastime and a means of boasting about winning. This can be seen from the archaeological unearthed stone carvings and portrait bricks of the Han Dynasty. Warring States policy? Qi Ce first recorded the cockfighting entertainment in China in the pre-Qin period: 70,000 households in Linzi? Its people are those who play the pipa, the piano, fighting cocks and stooges, bowing and bowing. ? Cockfighting was very popular in the Tang Dynasty, especially in the privileged class, who preferred eunuchs and princes. Cockfighting was later extended to the army to inspire the courage of soldiers and improve the fighting spirit of the team. Japan sent envoys to North Korea to introduce the knowledge of cockfighting to China, and Japan followed suit for some time. Later, it spread to Laos, Vietnam, Philippines and other countries. Nowadays, there are cockfights at home and all over the world.
Laos and Vietnam (1968), the Philippines (1997) and other countries have issued cockfighting stamps; The "Cockfighting" stamp issued by Cuba1981May 25th is a cockfighting with its head held high. On June 1997 and June 65438+February 18, the Philippines issued a full set of eight (two quadrangles) and two sheetlets. The stamp depicts the chicken used for cockfighting, and the sheetlet depicts the scene of two chickens fighting. As a fighter who is good at fighting, the rooster has been deeply appreciated by literati since ancient times for its verve and heroism, and often uses the rooster as the material to create poems and paintings. Like The Book of Songs? Storm clouds? Wind and rain are like dark clouds, and chickens crow endlessly? And then what? Wind and rain are like dark clouds, and chickens crow endlessly? In the stormy, turbulent and dark times, a gentleman with a sense of justice still insists on integrity and bravely struggles for his ideals. Painter Xu Beihong once wrote Chicken in the Rain. Zhu Xuanxian's traditional Chinese paintings, such as golden rooster and chrysanthemum, towel gourd chicken and chicken, are all excellent works of art with chicken as the theme.
In ancient China, there were no clocks to tell the time. People make them at sunrise and then go to the sun to have a rest. Start a day's work at dawn, but when it breaks is up to the rooster. People trust roosters because they have faith, and roosters never report mistakes when they tell the time. The ancients said this is? Didn't the vigil lose? , is the performance of faith. As the saying goes? Night lights or even chickens? According to modern people, chickens have good qualities of diligence, accuracy, discipline, punctuality and serious responsibility. Zu Ti in Jin Dynasty? Smell the chicken dancing? This story has inspired people's fighting spirit and is known as? A role model? . Modern people praise chickens mainly because of their courage and punctuality. For example, the China Zodiac stamp Heart Year (T.58) was originally drawn by the painter Zhang Ting, who depicted a colorful and heroic rooster in an exaggerated and romantic way. It is a soldier, a hero and a loud horn of time progress. Most commemorative postmarks used all over China are also held high? Golden rooster announces dawn? Main picture. Some European countries are also used to using rooster patterns as weather vanes. 1973 "100 anniversary of the founding of the international meteorological organization 100" commemorative stamp issued by Togo, featuring roosters.
The myth of chicken
The Sacred Significance of Chicken In the myth that China created the sun, the chicken was lucky to be created on the first day of creating the sun. ? Volume 30 of "Taiping Yu Lan" is quoted from a note in "Exploring Jade": It is said that when the world first opens, one day it is a chicken and seven days it is a man. ? Why did the chicken become something created on the first day of the creation of the sun myth? This must have something to do with the sacred significance of chicken. In his book, Prototype Numbers? Seven? There is a passage describing chickens in Enigma, which gives us a good answer. ? The chicken cooked on the first day in the myth of man, nature and creation is an animal on the surface, but it is a specific spatial orientation in mythological thinking? The symbol of the East. Mythologists believe that the theme from chaos to order and from darkness to light expressed in the myth of the creation of the sun is based on the natural phenomenon of sunrise in the east and day replacing night in early human daily experience.
Chicken and the sun
The image of chicken in Chinese painting is deified. Although the chicken is not equal to the sun, it is the messenger or messenger of the sun. As a result, there are pottery chickens, chicken-shaped pots and bronze "golden cocks", some of which may be deified by themselves, while others have long been regarded as messengers or assistants of God. The "gods" mentioned here are firstly the sun god and the fire god. Chicken, not a sacrifice, is a sacrifice, of course, higher status. It can be said that the chicken has already stepped onto the altar at this time. For thousands of years, chickens have left many beautiful myths and legends, literary works and many historical stories related to chickens, adding rich and colorful contents to the traditional culture of China. In ancient social life, chicken was also one of the symbols of reproductive worship. Besides offering sacrifices, chickens are also essential in cursing activities. Blood for an alliance with chickens, and ancient emperors sometimes granted amnesty to the world? Golden rooster forgiveness? The form of. Put the golden rooster above noon to show forgiveness. Chicken has the function of early service and etiquette, which is an important reason why chicken was valued by the ancients. More practically, raising chickens provides people with an important source of meat and eggs. Although the chicken is small, it has large production capacity, fast growth, short cycle and low input cost.
Although the ancients rarely had a large-scale chicken industry, as a family sideline, it is very common to raise chickens in groups of three or five. In the long years, people have cultivated many excellent chicken breeds, among which meat breeds and meat and egg breeds are mostly produced in eastern China, such as Shanghai Pudong Chicken, Jiangsu Langshan Chicken, Liaoning Bone Chicken, Shandong Shouguang Chicken and Zhejiang Xiaoshan Chicken. Good varieties of chicken are more suitable as raw materials for cooking. As early as the Han Dynasty, there was a delicious local famous brand product-Fuli Chicken. Many chicken bones and a piece of mud with the words "Liv Yin Cheng" written on them were unearthed in the ear room symbolizing the kitchen in the tomb of the King of Han and Chu in Shizishan, Xuzhou. It seems that at that time, Fuli County sent many tributes of Fuli chicken to the King of Chu in Han Dynasty. Today, R&F roast chicken is still a well-known local specialty food. Its origin can be traced back to the Han Dynasty.
Many chicken farmers can also get rich, and such real life scenes are also reflected in myths and legends. Legend of the Immortals says, "Those who wish to crow will come from Luoyang. He lived in Beishan, a corpse town, and raised chickens for more than 100 years. There are more than 1000 chickens, all with names. The tomb perches on a tree and is scattered during the day. If you want to call your name, you will be on call. Selling chickens and eggs, you get more than 10 million. I don't need to spend money on it. " Raising chickens can earn millions, which reflects the rich economic benefits of the chicken industry. Chicken has an important influence on people's life, so it can occupy a special position in the zodiac. It is the only bird, ranking almost the same as "Six Livestock", sitting firmly in front of dogs and tapirs. It is not known when the zodiac will appear. Probably in the legendary era of the Yellow Emperor, its bud has already appeared. "Mandarin? "Today" records: "The Yellow Emperor has twenty-five sons and fourteen surnames, including Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Teng, Ren, Xun, Nuo, Nvji, Yi and Yi. "One of them just matches the chicken in the zodiac later.
Three cups of chicken with sauce.
When you go to a restaurant in Taiwan Province Province, you can always order three cups of chicken meat, so people naturally think it is Taiwan Province food. Actually, it's authentic Jiangxi cuisine.
The origin is related to Wen Tianxiang.
Three cups of chicken is a special dish in Jiangxi Province. It is named after adding a small cup of sweet rice wine, lard and soy sauce when cooking chicken pieces, and stewing chicken pieces with charcoal fire instead of soup. Don't underestimate this dish, its origin can be related to the great hero Wen Tianxiang.
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the national hero Wen Tianxiang was captured. Knowing that Wen Tianxiang was about to be killed, an old woman took a chicken and a pot of wine to visit him in prison.
With the help of a Jiangxi jailer, the old woman met Wen Tianxiang. The jailer packed the chicken brought by the old woman and cut it into pieces. He poured three cups of rice wine into an earthenware bowl and simmered it over low heat. An hour later, they served the chicken to Wen Tianxiang, and Wen Tianxiang ate his last meal with the hatred of national subjugation.
When the jailer returned to his hometown in Jiangxi, every time Wen Tianxiang celebrated his birthday, he would use this dish to pay homage to him. Later, the chef changed three glasses of wine into a cup of sweet wine, a cup of soy sauce and a cup of lard, using Sanhuang chicken, a specialty of Ningdu, Jiangxi, as raw materials. This is the famous three cups of chicken in Jiangxi now. This dish has also been selected as the main menu of the Olympic Games.
Taiwan style three cups chicken unique seasoning
Later, three cups of chicken spread to Taiwan Province province. People in Taiwan Province province made a small modification to it, replacing greasy lard with light cooking oil and adding a unique spice? Nine floors.
The mysterious seasoning of this name is actually basil commonly used in western food, which is widely grown in tropical areas and has a particularly strong flavor. In Taiwan Province Province, the nine-story pagoda is a widely used spice. There is a saying in rural Taiwan Province: Nine-story pagoda, thyme.
Eggs (3) It is said that there used to be a hostess in Taiwan Province Province. Because her family was poor, she had to kill her old hen to entertain guests. Because she was afraid that the chicken was not fragrant enough, she took the nine-story tower dragon in the yard as the material. The nine-story tower really made three cups of chicken more fragrant and delicious.
In fact, this nine-story tower is not only an indispensable material for making three cups of chicken on the table, but also can be used to cook seafood such as clams. There are simple and delicious scrambled eggs in Taiwan Province's home-cooked dishes.
Customs about chickens in various places
What did the ancient Han people have? Kill chickens? At the age of 20, customs were popular in Jinhua and Wuyi areas of Zhejiang. On the seventh day of July every year, local people will live there, because the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl will meet at Queqiao that night. If there is no rooster to announce the dawn, they will never part.
Tujia is called kicking shuttlecock? Kick the chicken? . During the Spring Festival, young men and women play together? Chicken? , a person will? Chicken? Kick up and everyone will fight. Understand? Chicken? Man, you can chase anyone with grass. Young men and women often chase their lovers with grass. What happened afterwards? Kick the chicken? It has become a medium of love.
On October 1st of the lunar calendar, some places in Henan will kill chickens to scare ghosts. Legend has it that Tomb-Sweeping Day will collect the terrible release ghosts in the coming year. People think that ghosts are afraid of chicken blood, which can ward off evil spirits, so they kill chickens on October 1 to scare ghosts and make little devils afraid to come out. As the saying goes:? On October 1st, kill the chicken. ?
Are there chickens in some parts of Shandong? Holding a chicken? Marriage customs. When getting married, the woman chooses a boy to hold a hen and leaves with the sedan chair to bid farewell. Because of the chicken and? Ji? Homophonic, it is Geely who holds the chicken picture. In addition, in ancient times, there was another kind of stupidity. The custom of longevity chicken. When getting married, the man should prepare a red rooster, the woman a fat chicken, and the hen indicates that the bride is? Jiren? . When getting married, the rooster prepared by the woman must be led by her underage brother or other boys, set out with the sedan chair and arrive at the man's house before the rooster crows. People think that if the rooster doesn't sleep and the hen doesn't sleep, it is to overwhelm the rooster with momentum. Then, the man gives the rooster to the person holding the rooster, ties the rooster and the hen together on the leg of the table, and beats the rooster from time to time until the rooster faints, which is a symbol of the wife's surrender to her husband. After that, the two chickens are not allowed to be killed, so they are called long-lived chickens. And popular in Zhejiang? Kill chickens? Marriage customs. The groom goes to the bride's house to get married, and the woman's house spreads a piece of white cloth on the ground, so that the groom can kill chickens on it. Chicken blood can't be dripped on white cloth, or a few drops will be fined several glasses of wine. When killing the chicken, the woman's family deliberately collided with the groom, but the experienced groom handled it well and wouldn't let the woman succeed.
Is the Bai nationality popular in Dali, Yunnan? Chicken rice gift? The custom of. There are two kinds of chicken rice ceremonies: chicken rice single ceremony and double ceremony about rice. A single gift is a rooster and a jar of rice wine; Shuangli is a big cock with two sides and three knives, an altar of rice wine and an altar of rice seeds. This is a gift given to each other by first-degree relatives or in-laws at the time of birth, marriage and building.
In the old society, the communication custom of drinking chicken blood wine was popular among the Han nationality and some ethnic minorities. When sworn brothers, people kill a rooster, drop a few drops of chicken blood in each bowl of wine, swear to heaven, and then drink up the blood wine.