Foreign trade is a new problem we are facing, that is, the trade surplus is too large and there are too many exports. To solve this problem, we must analyze the reasons. The main targets of trade surplus are the United States and Europe, especially the United States. In fact, the trade with neighboring countries is a deficit. Why is there such a big trade surplus with the United States? This is mainly a structural problem. China's savings rate is too high to spend, while the United States spends a lot of money, and both the government and the people have overspent. The other is the problem of global industrial transfer. In the past, the countries that had a trade surplus with the United States were mainly Japanese, Korean and Taiwan Province Province. Over the past 20 years, the industries of these countries have moved to China, and the original trade surplus with the United States has also moved to China. Therefore, the transfer of global industries to China has also transferred a large number of global trade surpluses, including the United States, to China. This is the result of globalization, not special policies or "mercantilism". More directly, European and American countries set up factories in China and then export them to the United States. In fact, the leading country of international trade is the importer rather than the exporter, so we owe nothing to the United States in international trade. Based on the above point of view, what is our solution? First, the problem of excessive trade surplus cannot be solved by reducing exports. Because once the international mall is lost, it is not easy to get it back. Our exports have supported tens of millions of bankruptcies, and it is impossible to endanger these tens of millions of jobs under external pressure. Second, to increase imports, we must learn to spend money, especially how to improve the consumption structure, improve the industrial economic structure, and introduce technical equipment talents. According to China's national conditions, China's main innovation means is to introduce-digest-absorb secondary innovation and introduce more technical equipment and talents. Once China becomes a big importer, it can also improve its economic and international status. This is not only an economic issue, but also a political issue. Third, fundamentally speaking, we should expand domestic demand. Once domestic demand increases, exports will decrease. Why is domestic demand low? Ordinary people's wages are too low. The wage income of ordinary people in China is 1/20 of that of American workers. The government occupies most of the economic income, and the core of improving domestic demand is to improve the level of low-and middle-income people.

Question 2: Trade friction.

Trade friction refers to foreign anti-dumping, quota restriction and product quality standardization in recent years. I want to make two points on this issue. One is to "strategically despise it." Anti-dumping products only account for 0.5%-0.7% of the total export products, which is not the mainstream. In addition, the global industrial structure division of labor layout has been formed and cannot be changed in the short term. Some products depend on China in foreign markets. They are anti-dumping, seemingly aggressive, but have no bottom in their hearts? The second is to "attach importance to tactics." When dealing with trade between the United States and Europe, we should still be tough and reasonable, especially when dealing with foreign countries. On the other hand, to rectify the market internally, many trade frictions are caused by ourselves. The internal struggle of domestic enterprises is too fierce, and they bargain with each other, which leads to market chaos. The enterprise is "the infighting is fiercer than the tiger" Recently, there are many product quality problems and food safety problems, so we should vigorously rectify domestic product quality and food safety problems.

Question 3: Foreign investment.

First, since China has so many foreign exchange reserves, why does it need foreign capital? This will not only solve the financial problems, but also solve the technical and market problems, so as to make China an important part of the global industrial chain. Otherwise, China will be closed to the outside world. Because foreigners' investment in China has brought foreign industrial chains to China, this is a global problem. By absorbing foreign capital, it attracts a large number of large American companies to invest, forming an interest pattern of "you have me and I have you". In this way, when the United States strikes China, it will think that striking China is hitting its interests in China, so it has some misgivings. Some people will say that we will attract more foreign investment. In fact, the level of foreign investment in China is still very low, which is very low in terms of per capita level. The other is the absorption of foreign capital and national economic security. In attracting foreign investment, we should distinguish between foreign-funded enterprises and foreign enterprises. In mainland China, foreign-funded enterprises abide by the laws of China and accept the supervision of relevant departments in China. Legally speaking, they are enterprises in China. Even if China enterprises are merged, they are still enterprises in China. Whether it is safe or not depends on whether the relevant departments in China can effectively supervise foreign-funded enterprises.

Question 4: Excessive foreign exchange reserves.

Excessive foreign exchange accounts for some problems, such as excessive capital flow and great pressure on RMB appreciation. But I have a point. For China, more foreign exchange reserves are better than less or nothing. On the exchange rate issue, we have one thing, that is, resolutely resist the pressure of the United States. We should cautiously open up financial capital, which is a global issue and cannot be compromised. In fact, RMB appreciation is a double-edged sword. With the appreciation of the renminbi, our exports have indeed decreased, but they will not be less. Our labor force is still very competitive. With a slight increase in price, the industry can digest it. But after appreciation, it will be much cheaper without your technology and equipment, which may not be a good thing for you.

Finally, I would like to talk about some views on China's opening to the outside world. Opening to the outside world is not easy, and it has to bear a lot of pressure. Every country has a deep-rooted concept of protecting its own country, which puts great pressure on those who advocate openness. Why insist on opening to the outside world? Strategically speaking, opening up is not a gift for foreign countries, but for their own development. Opening to the outside world can promote domestic reform and development. China can only develop better under the pressure of external health, and it is not enough to rely solely on internal motivation. Some people say that opening up is enough, but China's entry into WTO is only the beginning, and the reform is far from complete. The United States hopes to put pressure on China by establishing an economic dialogue mechanism, and China is taking this opportunity to promote domestic reform. Promoting development through reform is an important issue in China. Opening to the outside world is also a process of studying abroad. The process of introducing foreign advanced ideas. China has developed rapidly in recent years, and many problems have emerged, such as impetuousness, formalism and extravagance. The more mature a country is, the less formalistic it is and the more pragmatic it is. Only when we are more open can we absorb some advanced things from foreign countries to promote our reform and economic development.