1927 On March 24th, British and American warships shelled Nanking, which was one of the crimes of imperialist intervention in China's revolution during the Northern Expedition. 1927 when the northern expeditionary army marched into the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the United States, Britain, France, Italy, Japan and other countries increased their troops in Shanghai and mobilized warships to threaten the Nanjing River in an attempt to stop the development of the revolution.
On April 24th, Cheng Qian led the sixth and second armies of the National Revolutionary Army. After defeating hundreds of thousands of enemy troops, they occupied Nanjing. That night, British and American imperialism ordered the shelling of Nanking on the pretext that the expatriates and consulates were invaded by thugs, killing and injuring more than 2,000 China soldiers and civilians, destroying countless houses and property, and causing a large-scale bloody case. After the incident.
Britain, the United States and other countries keep sending more troops to China, but at the same time, they put forward unreasonable demands for punishment, wanted and compensation to China. Chiang Kai-shek sent people to Nanking and other consuls to dig there, and ordered wanted Li Fuchun and Lin, directors of the Political Department of the Sixth and Second Armies. This incident is a signal of imperialist armed intervention in the China revolution, and it is also an important step for Chiang Kai-shek to speed up collusion with imperialism and betray the revolution.
2.1On July 22nd, 928, Peng and others launched the Pingjiang Uprising.
1On July 22nd, 927, a Kuomintang army stationed in Pingjiang and other places in Hunan Province, under the leadership of the China * * * Production Party, held an uprising, namely the Pingjiang Uprising. 1in the spring of 928, our party secretly established its own organization in the fifth division of Hunan independence of the Kuomintang, and Peng, head of the first regiment of the division, joined the * * * production party at this time. Soon, the fifth independent division was transferred to Pingjiang area to undertake the task of "clearing".
Pingjiang is located at the junction of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces and has a tradition of revolutionary struggle. As early as the Great Revolution, the workers and peasants movement in Pingjiang was surging, and it was one of the famous old revolutionary areas in the province. After the defeat of the Great Revolution, the struggle here has not stopped. Under the leadership of the county party Committee, the masses organized an interim government and volunteers to fight resolutely against the reactionaries.
At the beginning of July, Hunan Province appointed Teng to the border of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi to restore the special committee of the border of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, and got in touch with the Party organization of the fifth independent division to prepare for an uprising when necessary. In mid-July, the enemy discovered that Huang Gonglue, the battalion commander of the Third Regiment of the Independent Fifth Division, was party member, and ordered him to be arrested immediately. At this critical juncture, the first regiment led by Peng, Liu, and others rose in Pingjiang on the 22nd.
This morning, Peng called a meeting of the officers and men of the whole regiment to mobilize the uprising. Immediately according to the deployment, while the enemy was taking a nap, the troops destroyed the reactionary military and political organs in Pingjiang County, wiped out the rebellious enemies and rescued more than 500 workers and peasants in custody. In less than an hour and a half, the uprising troops occupied the whole county.
Later, He led more than 65,438,000 students from Yueyang to Pingjiang, where they met a group of winners. Huang Gonglue came to Wuli at Pingjiang from Chiayi with the 3rd Corps and 3rd Battalion of the uprising the day before. The uprising troops were reorganized into the 13th division of the Red Fifth Army, with more than 2,000 people, with Peng as the commander and teacher, and Teng as the party representatives of both the army and the division.
February 3 1 923 February1Erqi Massacre
The Erqi tragedy refers to the bloody event of the Beijing-Han railway workers' strike on February 7, 1923, when Wu suppressed/KLOC-0, the direct warlord of Beiyang government. The "February 27th" strike occurred when the people of China rebelled against the cruel rule of imperialism and feudal warlords, and the workers' movement in China turned from an economic struggle for a better life to a political struggle for freedom.
On February 1923 and 1 day, representatives of trade unions in Han Jing Railway stations held the inaugural meeting of the Federation of Trade Unions in Zhengzhou. Wu abandoned the mask of "protecting labor", ordered the military and police to obstruct and destroy by force, and closed the Federation of Trade Unions. The Federation of Trade Unions immediately organized 20,000 workers in the whole station to hold a general strike of the Federation of Trade Unions and moved the Federation of Trade Unions to Wuhan Jiang 'an Office. On February 4, the general strike began, and the workers at all stations acted in unison.
All trucks on the whole line stopped running, and the Hanjing line, which is more than 1000 kilometers long, immediately fell into paralysis. Chairman of the Jiang 'an Branch of the Railway Federation of Trade Unions, party member, picket leader and party member led the workers to smash the warlord's plot to sabotage the strike. On February 6th, Shi Yang, legal adviser of Hubei Provincial Federation of Trade Unions and member of the Party Group of Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions, was * * *.
More than 2,000 representatives of various trade unions in Wuhan were mobilized to go to Jiang 'an to express their condolences, and a rally and procession were held with more than 10,000 railway workers. On February 7th, Cao Kun and Wu respectively sent a large number of military and police officers to carry out bloody repression in Changxindian, Zhengzhou and Wuhan Jiang 'an. More than 40 workers died, more than 200 people were injured, more than 60 people were arrested, and more than 65,438+0,000 people were dismissed.
Lin Xiangqian, Shi Yang, chairman of Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions, and Shi Wenbin, party member were all arrested. After Lin Xiangqian was arrested, he refused to order him to return to work and died generously. Shiyang was also killed in Wuchang. This tragedy exposed the brutality of the warlords and showed the revolutionary firmness and organizational discipline of the working class in China.
4,1931September 18 September18 events.
The September 18th Incident (also known as the Fengtian Incident and the Liutiaohu Incident) was a war of aggression against China deliberately created and launched by Japan in the northeast of China, and it was the beginning of Japanese imperialist aggression against China. /KOOC-0/93/KOOC-0/September/8, 2008/KOOC-0/8, under the arrangement of the Japanese Kwantung Army, the railway "guard" blew up the Nanman railway track near Shenyang Liutiao Lake (built by China and later occupied by Japan) and planted the Japanese army.
The Japanese army used this as an excuse to shell Shenyang Beidaying on the grounds of "September 18th Incident". The next day, the Japanese army invaded Shenyang and successively invaded the three northeastern provinces. 1February 932, the whole northeast fell. From then on, the Japanese established the puppet regime of Manchukuo in the northeast of China, and began to enslave and colonize the northeast people for 14 years.
The "September 18th Incident" was the inevitable result of Japanese imperialism's long-term policy of aggression and expansion against China, and it was also an important step to turn China into its exclusive colony. At the same time, it marked the beginning of the world anti-fascist war and kicked off the eastern battlefield of World War II.
5. Long March June 65438+ October 0934 to June 65438+ October 0936.
1934 10 after the failure of the fifth counter-campaign against encirclement and suppression, the Red Army, the main force of the central government, was forced to make a strategic shift, withdraw from the central base area and carry out the Long March in order to get rid of the encirclement and pursuit of the Kuomintang troops.
The Long March is a great miracle in human history. The Central Red Army fought more than 380 times and captured more than 700 counties. The Red Army has sacrificed more than 430 cadres at or above the battalion level, with an average age of less than 30. * * * defeated hundreds of regiments of the Kuomintang army, during which * * * passed through 14 provinces, climbed 18 mountains and crossed 24 rivers.
The Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi on June 1935 and joined forces with the Red Army in northern Shaanxi. 1936 10, the Red Second and Fourth Army arrived in Huining, Gansu, and joined forces with the Red Army. The three main forces of the Red Army joined forces, marking the victory of the Long March.