name

Last name: Lu

Pinyin: Lu [disyllabic]

Serial number: 0 167

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Introduction document

Introduction document

The origin of Lu surname

The origin of Lu surname

Guru and Luwen

In ancient times, there was a nomadic tribe in the west of China. People in this tribe moved around and lived a primitive nomadic life with Qilu, a special vessel made of willow branches for holding food.

In order to survive, they must first alleviate hunger and keep out the cold. Under primitive working conditions, they must look for aquatic plants, chase and raise profitable animals to get food and clothes. At the same time, they must avoid and resist poisonous snakes and beasts in order to save their lives. They worship the tiger, the king of beasts. When primitive people worshipped totems, they chose tigers to worship them. Primitive people draw pictures and make words, and the first half of the words are taken from the tiger.

The ancients used Lu's traditional Chinese character (1). The upper part of this traditional Chinese character is the prefix of tiger, and the lower part is "dish". "dish" refers to a special vessel made by Lu people, that is, the Lu vessel mentioned above.

Ancient Lu people often lived in Lushui basin and Lushan area. Because they have to migrate from grass to grass for nomadic labor production, the migration scope is relatively large, including the northwest, southwest and even central and western regions of China, which can be described as strong mobility and wide influence.

Shen Kuo pointed out in his masterpiece "On Meng Xi": "Foreigners are called black people." Black often writes "Wu". The Yalong River in Sichuan was called Lushui in ancient times, and there is still a river called Lushui in the upper reaches of Minjiang River. In many other places, mountainous areas, rivers, urban and rural areas and communities, there are still many named Lushan, Lushui, Liuhe, Luxi, Lugou, Luwan, Lu Xian, Lushi, Lucheng, Luyuan, Lujiacun, Lulong, Lunu, Montenegro, Heihe, Heishui, Wushan and Wujiang.

Since the invention and use of fire, Lu people have pasted wickerwork's Lu utensils with thick mud, and then barbecued them repeatedly with fire to become primitive pottery. Although primitive, this kind of pottery can be used to cook food, store water and other things needed for life. This kind of pottery often leaves a kind of black ash after being smoked and burned, so the ancients naturally associated "Lu" with "black". When people created Chinese characters in the early days, they thought that "Liao" and "fire" combined to form "Liao" (simplified word "furnace"), which included the meaning of burning Lu wares in a furnace with mud, or it could be said that the original furnace was made by burning Lu wares with torches. To make a stove, fire and building are indispensable.

Lu's surname comes from four sources:

First of all, it comes from the descendant of Yandi Shennong, Jiang.

Shennong Yan Di family

Yan Di, like the Yellow Emperor, is the ancestor of the Chinese nation and the distant ancestor of the Chinese nation, also known as the "ancestor of mankind".

"The son of Shaodian, the Yellow Emperor, was named Gongsun and Xuanyuan. Born as a god, weak but able to speak, young but unbiased, long and sensitive, successful and smart. At the time of Xuanyuan, Shennong declined, and the princes invaded the people, and Shennong was still worthy of levy. Therefore, in order not to enjoy himself, Xuanyuan was used to fighting, and the princes and salty guests followed. "

"Guoyu Yujin" describes the relationship between Emperor Yan and Huangdi: "In the past, I married a surname and gave birth to Huangdi and Emperor Yan. The Yellow Emperor became a drowning man, and Emperor Yan became a Jiang Shui. " "The two emperors used teachers to help each other" and "men and women get along and give birth to people". At the end of Shennong era (the later period of military democracy), wars between tribes continued, so that Shennong, as the chief of the tribal alliance, could not calm down. At this time, the Yellow Emperor rose after Shennong and gained the position of leader. Therefore, people think that Huangdi and Shennong (Yan Di) are not just one person, but the titles of tribes (and thus "dynasties") or the collective names of tribal leaders. Of course, it is also possible to name a tribe after the first tribal chief.

Shennong was earlier than Huangdi, and it is generally believed that Shennong is Yan Di. Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang were at the end of primitive society.

"Yan emperor wants to invade the mausoleum governors, and the governors are salty and return to Xuanyuan. Xuanyuan is Xiu De's method of deploying troops and commanding the Five Qi. It is an art that caresses all people and spreads in all directions. Teach bears, dragons, raccoons and tigers to fight against Emperor Yan in the wild of Banquan. Three wars, and then get its ambition. " "The princes respected Xuanyuan as the son of heaven, representing Shennong and Huangdi." It shows that when Shennong (Yan Di) was weak in the world, the Yellow Emperor inherited him. The main reason is that two tribes (tribes) have disputes over their own survival and development space, and they have been fighting for generations. After many wars, the Yellow Emperor united with four tribes, and then he was able to defeat Yandi Shennong and realize the first grand alliance (grand unification) in the history of the Chinese nation.

Emperor Century describes the birth myth of Emperor Yan in detail: "Emperor Yan, Shennong, Jiang Ye. My mother's name is Ren Si, and I have a daughter of Jiao's family, Deng, who is a little princess. You Huayang, a dragon, the first daughter on the sheep, gave birth to Emperor Yan. As a bull's head, he is longer than Jiang Shui because of his surname. Have virtue. Fire is king, hence the name Yan Di. Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan Province) was founded at the beginning and moved to Shandong (now Qufu, Shandong Province). Also known as the Kuikui family, the Lianshan family and the Lieshan family. "

"On the Five Virtues of a Latent Husband" says: "When there is a dragon, the first sheep is born, and the feeling of being a leader is born in Chi Di. Body number, world number Shennong, generation name Fu. Its virtue and fire discipline make it famous as a fire master. " Shuowen said, "Shennong lived in Jiang Shui, so he took his surname." "Chronology of Bamboo Books" contains: Emperor Yan was born in, so Jiang is his surname. "Biography of Huang San" said: "Shennong, Jiang surname", "I am growing up because I thought that was my surname."

Huangdi and Yan Di are two brothers of Shaodian clan (they should be two phratries of Shaodian Tribal Alliance), and their surnames are different because they live in Jishui and Jiang Shui Valley in the northwest loess plateau respectively. Qishui Jiang Shui is a tributary of Weishui River, located in Qishan County and Wugong County of Shaanxi Province today. It originated in Qishan and flowed southward into Hengshui, where people lived in harmony. The above-mentioned Yan Di surnamed Jiang is a Jiang Shuiren; On the other hand, it may be named after the Jiang tribe who has lived in China for a long time. Zheng Qiao said: "The surname is the surname, the earth is the surname, and the earth is also the sky. All people live because of where they live. What he gave was his surname, but what he didn't give was the land. "Ginger was given, so he lived in. Therefore, surnames are born. " The word "Jiang" comes from sheep, which is synonymous with Qiang, indicating that they are a branch of the ancient Qiang nationality and a nomadic (shepherd) nation that lives on weeds; The word "Jiang" is female, and it is the family name, that is, the family name, the same family and the same mother, and the blood is the same. Before Shennong patriarchal society, there was a long-term matriarchal clan society. One of the important heritages of this period is the appellation of clans with the same surname. Although many branches of this tribe have many surnames in later generations, their ancestral surnames are unified and will not be erased or forgotten. In the Zhou Dynasty, many clans (clans) surnamed Jiang worshipped their ancestors. In the Spring and Autumn Period, even "Jiang Zhu Rong", who was always regarded as a "foreign brother" by Zhou people, was no exception.

"The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" just quoted Spring and Autumn Annals as saying: "For the big family, for the emperor, for the thunder, sowing hundreds of valleys, saying Shennong." It seems that Emperor Yan is just the name of the emperor, and Shennong is the respectful name of people. In essence, Shennong is a tribe engaged in agricultural production, and its leader is called Emperor Yan. The ancient book also contains: "Wang ruled by fire, so it was called Emperor Yan; Being a scorpion is called Shennong. " Yan Di Shennong is a god with two advantages. Some scholars believe that Shennong was one of the ancient "Huang San" before the Yellow Emperor, and Yan Di was a descendant of Shennong. Emperor Yan, namely Chi Di, is the son of Apollo, namely Vulcan. "Zuo Zhuan" "Nine years of mourning for the public (486 BC)" contains: "Emperor Yan is the fire Lord; Jiang surname, and later. "

"History of Food in Hanshu" said: "Food refers to the edible things in farming and farming, and goods refer to cloth and silk, clothes, golden knives and tortoise shells, which can be divided into wealth and jobs. Both of them are the foundation of human beings and originated from Shennong world. 〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉𝶹𝶹𝶹𝶹〉ԑԑԑ1 Only when the goods are full can the country be rich and the people be educated. "Food and commodities are the foundation of people's life and support. Both of them originated from Emperor Yan of Shennong, and their achievements were immortal.

Lu Jia's Xin Yu Dao Ji said: "People eat meat, drink blood and wear fur. As for Shennong, he thinks it is difficult to feed the people, but he wants something to eat. Taste the truth of a hundred herbs, observe the bitterness, and teach the people to eat grains. " "There is no White Tiger Pass." As the saying goes, "Shennong is also called Shennong because of the favorable weather, the benefits of land distribution, the cultivation of land and the cultivation of people." "Huai Nan Zi Xiu Wu Xun" contains: "Shennong teaches people to sow grains, and the land is suitable, wet, fat and competitive. Taste the taste of herbs, taste the sweetness and bitterness of water springs, and make people know how to avoid it. " He is undoubtedly a pioneer and entrepreneur who led the people from ignorance to civilization. According to the Book of Rites quoted in Yi Shi, "When Shennong was in the season, he sowed millet, cultivated it and planted it. To sharpen the axe, to hoe the ground, to plant grass. Then the grain will help and the ferns will be solid. " "Yi copula" said: "Bao Jia didn't, it was written by Shen Nong Jia. Wood is a shovel and wood is a shovel, which is beneficial to teach the world. " The invention of agriculture is indeed quite mythical, and the ancients also talked about it and exaggerated it. Among them, the most is to idealize Shennong's political thought and add his own views to later Confucian scholars.

"Shang Jun's Painting Strategy" contains: "In the world of Shennong, men plowed food and women knitted clothes, and criminal politics did not need to be treated. Jia Bing could not be king."

The article "Zhuangzi Stole Feet" reads: "In Shennong's world, if you lie down, you will live there. If you get up, you will know nothing about your father and be with the elk. Farming and eating, weaving and clothing, no harm to each other, this is the highest virtue. "

Yue Jue Shu said: "In the past, Shennong ruled the world only for profit, not for extreme. Not greedy for the wealth of the world, but the wealth of the world; Don't pretend to be smart, but the world respects it. " Show Shennong's selflessness, wisdom and talent. "Outline" contains: Emperor Yan "ruled the world, vulgar and simple, emphasizing the end. It depicts the primitive social life under the leadership of Emperor Yan.

The Postscript to the History of Taoism (Song Dynasty) describes the political theory and thoughts of Emperor Yan, saying that he advocates that "the people are the foundation of the country and food is the people's day"; "If Ding Shire is strong and does not plow, he will be hungry; When women didn't knit that year, they were cold. " If she doesn't practice, the strong will die (not) to support her life, and people who can't knit well can't cover her shape. "

Emperor Yan began to teach people to farm; Farming is soil, digging is well; Positive solar terms, calendar days; Taste herbs and invent drugs; Use hemp as cloth to create clothes; Japan and China are market-oriented and advocate trade; Cut tung and knot silk to make musical instruments; Treat wood as an arrow and make weapons; Teach Sang Ma and Cultivate Pottery; Make stoves and tools for the benefit of the people. He is undoubtedly the pioneer of China's farming culture and personally created the civilization of ancient China. Because he "taught the world to grow grain" and "taught farmers to grow grain for the benefit of the people", he was honored as Shennong by later generations. Legend has it that his death was also brilliant and tragic: in his later years, he traveled to the south, tasted herbs to treat the people, and "suffered seventy poisons a day", and finally died unfortunately because he accidentally tasted grass. Legend has it that he was buried in Luyuanpi, Tangtian Township, Lingxian County, Hunan Province, and later called his tomb Yan Diling.

Due to the invention and advocacy of Shennong, the Rong nationality named Jiang began to change from nomadic life with no fixed place to agricultural life with settled farming. Emperor Yan of Shennong is indeed a great man who created the world and made outstanding contributions.

Yan Di's activities include Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei and Hunan. The descendants of Emperor Yan inherited the tradition of agricultural production and made new inventions. "On Mandarin and Lu" said: "Once upon a time, there was a world where hundreds of crops and vegetables could be planted on its pillars. The summer trip was also abandoned by Zhou, so I thought it was millet. * * * The uncle of the public has nine, and his son is called Houtu, who can level nine, so he worships the country. " Shanshi Lie, also known as Mount Li, is the name of Emperor Yan; Emperor Yan began in Lieshan. Lieshan is in Suixian County (now Suizhou City), Hubei Province.

Yan Di is Shennong, "teaching people to cultivate crops, wax sacrifices, and medical trade, and opening up the source of food and clothing for generations." Later generations praised Shennong, "its merits are like the sky" and "Shengde is not alone, and it is a colleague for all generations". Bo Yi and Shu Qi, great sages in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, once lamented: "Am I comfortable when Shennong and Yu Xia are suddenly absent?" Zhang Heng wrote Ode to Tokyo in the Eastern Han Dynasty and said, "I can't see the beauty of Yan Di and Di Kui". In Tao Jin Yuanming's poem "Drinking", there is a regret that "Xi and Nong have been gone for a long time, and the world sighs the truth"; He even complained that "the misfortune of a scholar is no longer in the world of Emperor Yan and Wei Xiao" in "The Misfortune of a Scholar". It can be seen that many literati yearn for the era of Emperor Yan. The god of Shennong is: "Shennong rules the world, and it rains when it wants rain." It rains on the 5th, 10 Grain Rain, and it rains on the 5th. In the four-hour system, everything is salty and profitable, so it is a god. "

After Zhou Wuwang destroyed Yinzhou, "to remember the holy king was to praise the title of Shennong, and then to Jiao Jiao (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province)", which represented the commemoration and praise of Yan Di's achievements at that time.

"The Book of Rites Sacrifice Law" Yan Di's lineage quoted the Spring and Autumn Period "Shou Xu" as saying: "Yan Di passed on eight, and he was 520 years old." According to Biography of the Eighth Generation, Book of Changes and Genealogy, "Shennong collapsed in 120 years. The daughter of Ben Shui said that she heard the splash and gave birth to an emperor. The second emperor inherits, the second emperor is clear, the second emperor is straight, the second emperor is Li, the second emperor is sad, and the second emperor is awkward. After eight generations, and Xuanyuan. "

"Wan's General Spectrum" said: "Yandi Shennong, surnamed Jiang, was born in Lishan and grew up because he thought it was his surname. In the absence of Huai, he succeeded Tai Hao Mude and attacked the king with fire, so he was called Emperor Yan. Dulu reigned for one hundred and forty years. "

"Lu Chunqiu" said that "the seventeenth Shennong was once the world", which may be closer to historical facts. In this way, the above-mentioned eight generations may only be famous and influential generations.

The genealogy of Wan surname is the same as that of emperors in previous dynasties, but it is noted that "it has been seven generations, and the number of Shennong has been attacked. In 306, Yu Wang lost his government, and the princes scuffled, and the Yellow Emperor levied it, making the world salty."

Han Shu Fa Ji called Shennong Yandi, also known as Kuikun, Lianshan and Shanshi Lie.

Shennong: The tribal leader's name is Jiang, and his surname is Niu Totem. Is the inventor of agriculture and medicine. Its famous descendants are Chiyou, Lieshan, Gongshi and April.

Chiyou's family: after Emperor Yan (first served by Emperor Yan one day), it comes from amniotic fluid and serves the Yellow Emperor. As the official in charge of gold, he silently observed the decline of Shennong and secretly cast gold, which he thought was a sharp weapon. Send troops to pursue Yu Wang (Yan Di) and call themselves Yan Di. Later, he fought the Yellow Emperor and invited Fengbo Rain Master to help him. In the end, the Yellow Emperor was defeated by Zhuolu and killed. He is the god of war and weapons, and the invention of weapons comes from farm tools and other production tools.

* * * Gong: Also known as * * * Gong, a descendant of Emperor Yan. He has a bad temper and is prone to make mistakes. According to legend, because of competing with Zhuan Xu for the throne, he fought with Dongyi nationality and lost, but his anger failed to reach the mountain, which led to the collapse of the sky and the collapse of the earth, which caused great disaster on earth.

Shanshi Lie: Also known as Lishan nationality, its leader is Lieshan or Zhu Zhu. "On Mandarin and Lu Language" said: "Once upon a time, there was a world whose pillars could grow hundreds of kinds of grains and vegetables." "Twenty-nine Years of Zuo Zhuan Gong" contains: "A son is called Zhu Weisu". "The Book of Rites Sacrifice Law" says: "Li Shan's family has the world, and his son is a farmer, who can plant hundreds of kinds of valleys." It is generally believed that Shanshi Lie is a descendant of Emperor Yan, and he is still a god of agriculture and food. Fierce mountain, originally meant to burn mountains and plow fields.

April Home: The leader is Boyi, surnamed Jiang, who is said to be the grandson of workers who once helped Yuping to control water and soil. Later, Qi, Lu, Shen and Si Xu were born.

Emperor Shennong, whose real name was Shi Nian, was said to have reigned for 140 years (about 32 16 ~ 3077 BC) and was buried in Chaling, Hunan Province (Luyuanpi, Tangtian Township, Jinling County, also known as Yanling Mountain and Huangshan Mountain).

The second, Lin Kui, the eldest son of Emperor Yan, reigned for 80 years (3076-2997 BC).

The third generation Emperor Cheng reigned for 60 years (2996-2937 BC).

The fourth generation, Ming Di, reigned for 49 years (2936-2888 BC).

The fifth was Emperor Zhi, who reigned for 45 years (2887-2843 BC).

The sixth generation of Emperor Lai (Li) reigned for 48 years (2842-2795 BC).

The seventh emperor Bao (Ai) reigned for 42 years (2794-2753 BC).

Eighth, Yu Wang, the famous Dick, lived 55 years old; Because Fred and his brother Xuanyuan are different, so make way. Xuanyuan is the Yellow Emperor, surnamed Xiong.

The ninth generation, the famous ship, was born in.

Tenth, Zhu Rong, the son of Qi; Buried in Hengshan (in present-day Hunan).

Eleventh, the famous artist, Zhu Rongzi.

Twelfth, the skill of Goulong and Taozi.

Thirteenth, the name is Diao, the dog dragon.

Fourteenth, named * * * worker.

The15th generation, named Boyi, was a famous saint. Assisting Emperor Yao in managing the four mountains and Dayu in managing the water. Being named Lu Hou for meritorious service is the beginning of Lu surname. Jiang Taigong was the later Lu merchants.

Descendants of Yan emperor

The descendants of Shennong have multiplied and developed, with many branches. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, many countries were established. Legend has it that Shennong's surname is Jiang Guigui. The sons of Shennong are Shenshi, Nongshi, Lieshi, Lishi and Zhu Zhu. Li is divided into Li and Lai. Since the column began to be called Emperor Yan, the subsequent lineage has been divided:

Zhu Yuanzhang gave birth to Ting Anne; Ting Anne gave birth to Jia Shi and Lin Di; The emperor inherited the inheritance of the emperor; The emperor inherited the title of the emperor; Emperor Kui passed on Ming Di; Ming Di passed the emperor straight; The emperor directly passed on to the emperor; Emperor Li Chuandi lived (also called the emperor's funeral); Di Juchuan Jie terrier. After the stem, there are three branches: knot, play and gram. Ke Shangcheng (see Lu), later derived, Lu,,; Teleprompter and Xiao Di. Its descendants are giant, giant and giant. After the big, there are Feng, Da, Feng and Fu; Bu Ling gave birth to Feng's family, Yi's family, Yan's family and Gu's family, drum life contract and spiritual contract gave birth to Di's family; Ghosts in Zhu Yong are more developed: Zhu Yong gives birth to tricks, tricks and hooks (that is, the earth); Goulongping's contribution to soil and water is remembered by later generations and respected as a social god; Gou Long was followed by Gou Shi, Gou Long, * * Gong, Xin and Hang; A derivative of * * * Gong * * Gong's; Freshman Kuafu; Choke (that is, Boyd).

After Boyi, there were Taiyue, Sui and Yi. Taiyue is one of the four famous mountains, and its descendants were enfeoffed in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, so there are Lu, Shen, Sui, Chun, Xiang, Bo, Gan, Zhou, Zhou, Xian Long.

Battle of huangyan

In history, Emperor Yan and Huangdi were a family ("brothers") and both lived in the northwest. Yandi lived in Jiang Shui Valley (Baoji City), and Huangdi lived in Jishui Valley (Qihe River under Qishan Mountain). They were originally nomadic people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China. "The Emperor's Century" said: "Women are little princesses. You Huayang, a leading woman boarded Changyang and gave birth to Emperor Yan. " Female Deng Wei was born, gave birth to Emperor Yan, and took Jiang as her surname, vaguely suggesting that Emperor Yan came from the Qiang people (shepherd tribe).

Since Shennong invented agriculture, he has been living a semi-settled and semi-migrated agricultural life. They went down the Weihe River valley to the Great Plain south of the Yellow River, which was suitable for primitive agricultural production, so Shennong became the earliest agricultural tribe to settle down. They began to build towns, first in Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan), and then moved to Shandong and Qufu. So there is also a tribe named Jiang in Shandong. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, the enfeoffment of Jiang Ziya and his family went to Shandong to establish Qi, which had its historical reasons and social foundation.

When the clan of Yan Di reached Di Wang Yu, it began to decline. The Chiyou people in the tribe waged a war for power, defeated the emperor Yu Wang and won the throne. They are still called Yandi and live in Zhuolu. At this time, the Yellow Emperor tribe rose, united with Gong Yu tribe, and defeated Chiyou tribe in Zhuolu. The Yellow Emperor replaced Yan Di as the leader of the Yanhuang Tribal Alliance.

Except for some people in Wang Yu who merged with the Huangdi tribe and settled in the north, others moved south between Jianghan and still claimed to be Shennong or Yan Di. They became the leaders of the Southern Tribal Alliance.

"The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" says: "It is sunny in the south and sunny in the emperor."

"Records of Counties and Counties in the Later Han Dynasty" said: "Emperor Yan Shennong was buried in Changsha".

The Jade Emperor Jisheng said that he was buried in the south of Chaling County, at the end of the tea town.

"The History of Taoism and Later Generations" said that Yan's descendants, Yan Diqing Jia, Lai (that is, Li) and "all Zhao (buried) Chaling"

After the capital was established in Zhao Kuangyin, Song Taizu, in the fifth year of Gande (AD 967), the Minister Extraordinary went to Bailuyuan, a tea town, to pay a visit to Yan Di Mausoleum and build a temple to worship.

The tribe named Jiang moved eastward along the Weihe River and the Yellow River, and one of them moved to Shandong, moving between the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Zishui. Later, they settled down and gradually developed many branches.

Lu Shang was sealed in Qi State and Qi State.

Lu Shang is also known as Ziya, Taigong Wang, Shi, and. 1 1 century BC, he was ordered by Zhou Wuwang (Ji Fa) to lead an army to conquer Shang Zhouwang and became a great hero in the destruction of Zhou Dynasty.

At the end of Shang Dynasty, Zhou was a tyrannical monarch and hated by the ruling and opposition parties. Ji Chang used to be named Xibo, and people called him Xibohou. Xibohou was imprisoned by Zhou Wang in Li Ling (now north of tangyin county) for offending Zhou Wang. After his release, he led his troops to destroy Li (now southwest of Changzhi City, Shanxi Province), Han (now northwest of Qinyang City, Henan Province), Chong (now north of Songxian County, Henan Province) and other small neighboring countries. He established his own ruling center in Fengyi (now southwest of Xi, Shaanxi Province).

When Xibohou was alive, he failed to fulfill his long-cherished wish of overthrowing the dark rule of Shang Dynasty. Before he died, he told the second son Ji to get ready and attack the Shang Dynasty as soon as possible. When Ji Fa was ready to lead an army to conquer the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, he asked Lu Shang how to defeat the enemy. Lu Shang said to Ji Fa, "Zhou Wang has destroyed many people and lost their hearts because of its tyranny. We must, contrary to Zhou Wang, care about the people and deal with Zhou Wang's stubbornness with intelligence. If we win the hearts and support of the people, we will certainly win. " This is Lu Shang's "Wen Jing" strategy to defeat the enemy. On the other hand, it is his "inaction" strategy. Taking advantage of the contradiction between rival camps, they will have civil strife, weaken each other's strength, and even reach the point of complete disintegration. Secondly, it is about the operational deployment of military forces and the strategy of using troops.

In the process of destroying the Shang Dynasty, Lu Shang was once the vanguard of the Ji Fa army, encouraging samurai and Rong Che to rush into the Shang and Zhou armies. He led the troops to a decisive battle with the Zhou Wang army in Mu Ye (now southwest of Qixian County, Henan Province). In the fierce battle, slaves and prisoners of war in the commercial army revolted and fought back. Shang Zhouwang was desperate and finally boarded the deer platform and set himself on fire. Ji Fa led the army to successfully occupy Chao Ge (now Qixian County, Henan Province), which declared the final demise of Shang Dynasty. After the demise of Shang Dynasty, Ji Fa established the Western Zhou Dynasty, with Haojiang as its capital (now southwest of Xi, Shaanxi Province), which was called "Zhou Zong" in history. After Ji Fa's death, the name of this temple was King Wu. His son Song Ji succeeded to the throne and was called Zhou Chengwang.

In view of Lu Shang's great contribution to the destruction of commercial neutrality in Fuzhou, Zhou Chengwang named Lu Shang King of Qi. Lu merchants got a large piece of land-Qi State. He established the vassal state of Qi, and chose Yingqiu (now north of Linzi, Shandong Province) as the capital. Lu merchants named Qi Jianguo, and "respecting sages and rewarding merits" made Qi a powerful country in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period.

The ancestor of surname acceptance and creation-Gao Xi

Gao Xi, the 11th grandson of Jiang Taigong, experienced several dynasties and inherited the position of Shangqing. His sister is Mrs. Qi Xianggong, known as "Senior Nine". Gao Qiu was an important official of Qi State, and was sealed for his support, thus Lu was born. According to records, the grandson of the seventh generation is Wen Chi, his son's name is Gao, and Sun Qi's son is Gao, "taking the word Wang Fu (grandfather) as his surname", so his surname is Gao and he is called Gao Qi. Highly respected and respected, he is quite talented in diplomacy and governing the country. I have experienced four generations: Nuo, Xiang, Huan and Xiao Gong. Item, Huan era, it is the eventful autumn of Qi State, when Gao Qiu was in power, he lost his benevolence and morality, was extravagant and dissipated, was killed by liegeman, and took charge of his father's business. The two doctors named Sun Ignorance Qi Jun and Ignorance Company, calling them Zhengqing and Yaqing, but the doctors refused. When Gao and Guo were in power, there was nothing they could do, saying that they were ill and didn't go to court, and they were foolish and didn't dare to depose.

The doctors in Qi were extremely dissatisfied with ignorance and usurpation. Doctor Yong Xun and all the doctors conspired to get rid of the rebellion and re-establish the son of the late king. They discussed: "Gao, the minister of this country, is very talented and convincing." Planning to let Gao Qiu buy wine, in order to recruit and manage two people, of course, they will believe it, go to dinner, and then kill two thieves. The plan was told to Gao Qiu, and Gao Qiu agreed very generously. Gao (West) gave a banquet, Yong Yi killed the ignorant in the ancestral palace, and the samurai in front of Gao Fu also killed Lian Heguan. The doctors then discussed the establishment of a new monarch in the house of lords; Qi Xianggong has two sons, Gong Zijiu and Xiao Bai. Because Xianggong had no choice, they had avoided disaster and went to Luheju. Gao Qiu has a close relationship with his son Xiaobai, and negotiates with doctors of the same clan to recall Xiaobai to Juzhou secretly. At this time, lujun knew that ignorance was dead, and also sent troops to escort Omiya, who had previously fled to his mother's uncle's house to take refuge, to return to China for a long time; Gong Zijiu's subordinate Guan Zhong was ordered to take a group of troops first to block the passage from Ju State to Qi State and fight against the team escorting home. Xiao Bai was shot by Guan Zhong with a hook, feigned death, lay down, was carried by a car, and quickly rushed to the capital. Guan Zhong was cheated and sent someone to report to Lu, who sent Miyako to Qi for a long time. When Gong Zijiu and his party arrived, Xiaobai had already arrived. With Gao (7-up) and others as insiders, he soon ascended the throne and called him.

After Huan Gong ascended the throne, he sent his troops to attack Lu and tried to kill Guan Zhong. Bao advised Huan Gong to say, "You will rule Qi, that is, Gao Qiu and Shu Yazu. If you want to be king, you must manage me. " After listening to Bao's advice, Huan Gong put aside the past and hired Guan Zhong as a doctor and entrusted him with political affairs. In the ninth year of Zuo Zhuan (685 BC), Bao Xiang recommended Guan Zhong as the prime minister, saying that "ruling Gao Qiu with Wu made it possible for the prime minister." Gao (Qi) does not seek meritorious service, nor is he greedy for meritorious service, but he is knowledgeable and loyal to assist Huan Gong. "The Adventure of National Danger" contains: Guan Zhong suggested to Huan Gong that in order to strengthen his military strength, three armies should be established: Huan Gong commanded the "five townships" of the Han army (ten thousand people), and the sons of the country and Gao were present, and each led the "five townships" as the left and right armies. "There are also 30,000 men here, and the country (horizontally) rules the world", which a big country can't do.

Duke Huan got Guan Zhong, and together with Bao, Bao and Bao, he developed the benefits of fishing and salt to help the poor and won the heartfelt support of the people of Qi. After Qi Huangong acceded to the throne, he made contributions to Gao, Guo and others respectively, and they all got fiefs. He gave it to Gao (Qixi). Gao's family and Guo's family are both important ministers of the State of Qi, and continue to safeguard national politics. With the help of many ministers, Qi Huangong's national strength increased rapidly and became the first tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, the state of Lu rebelled against the Qing government (Emperor Zhuang Gong) because of Mrs. Zhuang Gong (Ai Jiang). After Zhuang Gong's death, the two were killed, leaving no country and "no gentleman in the wilderness". Qi Huangong sent Gao Qiu to Shandong to carry out the important mission of "protecting Shandong". According to the Spring and Autumn Annals, in the second year (660 BC), there was a saying that Gao Qi came to the League, that is, Gao Qiu was ordered to "send 3,000 people from Nanyang" to Lu to help Lu "build an arrogant country and become a city". He formed an alliance with Gong and stabilized the political situation in Lu. At the same time, he ordered the military to help the people of Lu build Lumen City to prevent the change of Zhu and Ju. Lu people regard this as a beautiful talk, "I still hope." The world praised Gao (Xi) as "able to deeply uphold the righteousness of loyal ministers and encourage his princes to bully." In the 13th year of Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong (647 BC), King Xiang of Zhou and Guan Zhong made contributions to the prosperity of the Zhou Dynasty, hoping that "Guan Zhong would be treated with the gift of his superiors". Guan Zhongqian thanked him, saying that Qi had "two sons who defended the country and stood tall" and resolutely resigned, only receiving courtesy from the ministers.

In the fourteenth year of Lu Huangong (698 BC), the Spring and Autumn Annals said, "Zheng Bo made my brother talk to Lian." Zheng Bo sent someone to look for United Investment, as if Lu Yingong had been in Shimen for three years. In the twenty-second year of Duke Zhuang of Lu (67 BC1), it was recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals that Duke Zhuang of Lu, as a monarch, made an alliance with Qi Shangqing (doctor) Gao () for defense.

After the death of Qi (599 BC), the son of Gao and Guo Yong, Qing Palace (unknown), became the throne; Because he was afraid of winning the favor of Cui Yao, he expelled Cui and Cui Yao fled the country. During the reign of Qi (566 BC), the State of Qi destroyed Lai, and Gao Houhe "demarcated his land" (that is, demarcated his land distribution). Because of his love for Rongji, Qi Linggong made a crown prince's tooth and sealed its owner as Hou. In the Spring and Autumn Annals, in the seventeenth year of Lu Chenggong (574 BC), he wrote: "Gao Qi went to Ju without any blame". The reason is described in Zuo Zhuan: Qi listened to the slanderers of women, "I don't complain about heights. There is no blame for going straight to junan. The high and the weak are rebellious. " This is the first protest against the unknown, a stronghold of Gao thought. The Duke of Qi was appointed as a doctor, and Qing was allowed to assist and encircle Lu. Soon, Guo Zuoshi came back from other places, joined in the siege of Lu, and finally surrendered.

In the twenty-seventh year of Qi (555 BC), Gao Hou led an army to the north of the capital of Lu, and then returned it. In the winter of the same year, Lu Jun joined forces with the divisional headquarters of twelve countries to attack Qi. Among them, Jin generals and Han began to "surround Lu and Fokker with soldiers", which shows the strength of Lucheng. The following year (554 BC), Gong Ling, the state of Qi, died, made the former Prince Zhuang Gong, killed the Prince Ya and Gao Hou, and the state of Qi was in chaos. In the first year of Qi Jinggong (547 BC), Cui Jue was destroyed, and Feng Qing and Qing Society came to power one after another. Tian defeated the Qing army with Bao, Gao and Luan. In September of the fifth year of Qi Jinggong (543 BC), Gong Sunqiu and Gong Sunzao (both Gao's) of the State of Qi "placed doctors above Beiyan" because they were good at doing their own thing and specializing in things. In this regard, I was very dissatisfied and soon protested. Qi, "Shuai Shi Wei Lu". Shu Gao made a condition: "If the Gaos get it, please give it to the city", that is, he asked to preserve the Gaos' heirs and ancestral sacrifices, and then offer the city to surrender. After being promised, Shu Gao finally handed over Lu Yi to the State of Jin. Jin people built Miancheng in order to place the Gaoshu family.

During the reign of Qi Ping (480 BC), there was another saying, "There is no horse as high as the northern swallow". It can be seen that a branch of the Gao family settled in (probably the later Fan Yang) and passed down, becoming the ancestor of the later Lu family. When he was seriously ill (490 BC), he ordered Keiko and Gao * * * to take tea as the prince and expel their sons; After death, Lu replaced tea. At this time, Gaohe country was still in power. Tianqi pretended to be obedient and worked for Gaohe country, but he slandered their two families behind their backs. Soon, Tian Qi, Bao Mu and other doctors mobilized the three armies and entered the court, intending to attack Gao. When Zhao Zi heard the news, he sent troops and Keiko to save Qigong (Yan Rushi). After the defeat, Tian asked for help, Keiko went to Ju, and Gao was killed. Tian Qi made Yang Sheng, the son of Gong Jing, mourn for the public. Houtian often mourned for the public (48 BC1), established and devoted himself to the politics of Qi. It was not until the 19th year of Qi Kanggong (385 BC) that Tian Chang's great-grandson Tian He became a vassal on behalf of Qi State, "moving Kang Gong to the sea and eating the ancestral hall to the next city" ("Customs of Six Countries"). In 379 BC, after the death of Kang Gong, Tian Daiqi and Lu Ancestral Temple were abolished, and the descendants were divided because of the loss of the country. At first, they moved to all parts of the north, taking the city names sealed by their ancestors as their surnames, and the descendants of Gao surnamed Jiang changed their surnames to Lu, which was passed down from generation to generation.

Second, change your surname and give it to you.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, some descendants of Lu merchants thought their surnames, and their descendants removed the word "Pu" and took Lu as their surnames.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, one of the descendants of Qi Huangong took "Lupu" as his surname and later changed his surname to Lu; Another withdrew "Gru" as his surname, and later changed his surname to Lu.

In Luziguo during the Spring and Autumn Period, some people took "Lu" as their surname and later changed it to Lu.

At the beginning of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Lei, whose ancestral home was Fanyang, Hebei Province, changed his surname to Lu. According to the legend of Lv Zu merchants, the ancestors of Lv Zu merchants changed their surname to Lei.

Zhang Taiyan of Sui Dynasty was very talented and was highly valued by Yang Di (Yang Guang). He was given the surname "Lu", and his descendants also belong to Lu.

There was a man named Lu in the Tang Dynasty, who was renamed Lu by the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. Tanggao