Starting this spring, China history textbooks will fully implement the concept of 14 anti-Japanese war, and the eight-year anti-Japanese war will be changed to 14 anti-Japanese war.

On June 5438+00, the Ministry of Education of China stated that the textbook revision required that the eight-year war of resistance should be changed to 14, which fully reflected the crime of Japanese aggression against China, and emphasized that the history of 14 after the "September 18th Incident" was a coherent whole and should be systematically and accurately reflected in the curriculum textbooks.

It is reported that this revision requires covering all study sections, all related disciplines, all national courses and local courses.

In the history of China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the eight-year anti-Japanese war refers to the all-round anti-Japanese war after the July 7th Incident in 1937. 14 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression refers to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, which started after the September 18th Incident broke out, including two stages: local war of resistance and total war of resistance.

"The idea of replacing the eight-year war of resistance with 14 is not only the knowledge of historians, but also the truth of history." Professor Wang, vice president of China Modern Historical Materials Society, said that "September 18th Incident" was the starting point of China people's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, which started the world anti-fascist war and had a far-reaching impact on the world historical process.

A page of photos in the "September 18th Incident" atlas printed by the Japanese Kwantung Army Command shows the aerial view of Peking University Camp taken by the Japanese army on the eve of the incident. Photo by Yao Jianfeng

In fact, Liaoning and other places have supplemented the compulsory textbooks by adding local textbooks in combination with local conditions. For example, 20 15 Reading Book of September 18th Incident compiled by Liaoning scholars systematically introduces the starting point of the Anti-Japanese War with new historical materials and new viewpoints, and clearly puts forward the concept of 14.

The September 18th Incident broke out in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, which is a well-known history in the local area. Xiao Ling, a senior teacher of Huimin Middle School in Shenyang who has been teaching history for more than 20 years, said that the previous textbooks have not been revised for many years. In recent years, there have been many important breakthroughs in the study of the history of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in China, and the view of 14 has become a recognized scientific conclusion.

Experts believe that history textbooks are an essential tool to impart historical knowledge and an important carrier of patriotism education. Accurately grasping the history of China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression is conducive to enhancing young people's sense of mission and crisis, and is also conducive to correctly examining the current Sino-Japanese relations.

Historical research on the starting point and span of the Anti-Japanese War has been going on for many years. In recent years, more and more historians tend to regard the September 18th Incident as the starting point of China's Anti-Japanese War.

Research by the Institute of Modern History of China Academy of Social Sciences shows that from the September 18th Incident to 1933, the Northeast Volunteers with a total number of more than 300,000 fought tenaciously under the suppression of the Japanese Kwantung Army, and "the black water in Baishan became a red blood area".

On the second day of the "September 18th Incident", the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee issued the "Declaration on the Japanese Imperialist Armed Occupation of Manchuria", and then sent letters and resolutions to the masses, calling on people from all walks of life to expel the Japanese robbers by force, and successively sent Yang Jingyu, Zhao Shangzhi and other China party member to join the ranks of volunteers to lead the armed resistance against Japan.

Yang Jingyu, founder and leader of Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Forces. 1939 in the autumn and winter counter-offensive in southeast Manchuria, he led his troops to the Mengjiang River area and finally fought alone with the enemy for five days and nights. With unimaginable perseverance, he persisted in tenacious struggle with the enemy until the bomb was exhausted. 1on February 23rd, 940, he died heroically in Mishima, Mengjiang, Jilin. When the cruel Japanese army cut off his head and cut it open, he found that his stomach was full of hay, bark and cotton wool, but there was no food. Xinhua News Agency

"From the unification of 1936 to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Union sacrificed 33 generals above the corps level." Jason, a researcher of Liaoning Academy of Social Sciences who is engaged in historical research, said that the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army is a people's anti-Japanese army with the earliest establishment of China's * * * production party, the longest anti-Japanese war and the most difficult conditions.

"If these bloody sacrifices are not called the War of Resistance, how can future generations face those martyrs who died for their country?" Wang said to him.

It is worth mentioning that March, a volunteer born in 1935, comes from the Northeast Volunteer Army. This anti-Japanese war song spread all over the country and eventually became the national anthem of China people.

Tourists pass the march of the volunteers embossed wall of Shenyang September 18th History Museum. Li Gangshe

More and more historical materials and archives prove that the day when Japan launched the war of aggression against China was the time when China rose up against Japan. On the day of the September 18th Incident, some patriotic generals of the Northeast Army stationed at Peking University Camp started a breakthrough war.

Wang Tiehan, then head of the 620th Regiment of Peking University Camp Garrison, wrote in his memoirs: When the enemy attacked this barracks, I was determined to fight back ... and kill more than 40 enemies. Just when the enemy's attack was frustrated, he reluctantly retreated.

Zhan Hongge, a folk collector in Shenyang, keeps a yellowed postcard with a photo of Xin Guo Sanliu, a Japanese soldier who died in the September 18th Incident.

Wang said that in the breakout battle of Peking University Camp, the Japanese invaders killed at least included army infantry and army superior soldier Masao. Judging from the newly discovered photos, the night of September 18th was not without resistance.

The gunfire of Beidaying is the first sign of China people's unyielding war of resistance. 1945, Mao Zedong pointed out in the report "On Coalition Government": "War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression of the people of China developed on a tortuous road. This war began in 193 1 year. "

Experts believe that with a strict attitude of respecting history, China's revision of history textbooks and a clear definition of the starting point and span of the Anti-Japanese War will play a role in rooting out the root causes and promote the education and research of the history of the Anti-Japanese War.

Jason said that although the arduous War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression has gone far away, there are still a lot of historical materials worth digging, which need to be sorted out and studied in depth, which is an important topic left to China historians. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yang)

Original title: "14": China revised history textbooks to define the starting point and span of the war of resistance.