33 1 years ago, Alexander the Great defeated Darius Iii, a country founded by Persians, and Armenia became a part of Macedonian Empire from a Persian province. With the death of Alexander, the Macedonian Empire was divided into three parts, of which Armenia was ruled by the Seleucid Empire. 198 years ago, the Seleucid Empire was defeated by Rome, and Armenia also took the opportunity to split from it.
/kloc-in 0/90, Altas I established the Altas dynasty. In 95-65, under the leadership of Tigray II, Armenia became one of the most powerful countries in West Asia at that time. Its territory extends from today's Caspian Sea and Mediterranean Sea to Egypt. However, Armenia's glory did not last long. In the next thousand years, it was tossed and turned under the rule of many foreigners, but it did not really die out.
Under the double blow of Roman Empire and Parthian Empire (China was called Rest in Peace in ancient times), the Altas Dynasty perished around 1, and Armenia became a Roman protectorate shortly after it became a Roman province. As for eastern Armenia, the Arshak Dynasty was established in 64, which became the protectorate of Parthia.
In 224, the Sassanian dynasty destroyed Parthia; In order not to be assimilated by Persian Zoroastrianism, in 30 1 year, King Tiridadi III of Armenia made Christianity the state religion, making Armenia the first mono-religious country in the world. In 405, Armenian alphabet was invented.
In 428, the Arshak Dynasty fell, and East Armenia was ruled by Persians for 200 years. In 450 and 482, two popular uprisings against Persian rule broke out in East Armenia. Although it was a fiasco, it finally forced the Persian Empire to make concessions, and Armenia resumed its actual autonomous status and maintained its Christian faith. The commanders who launched two uprisings belonged to the well-known Armenian Mamikonyan family.
Persia was destroyed by Arabs in 680, Arabs invaded Armenia, and Arabs forced Armenians to convert to Islam, but it failed. In 885, Asura I re-established the Armenian Bagratuni dynasty.
Around AD 1000, Armenia was once again attacked by Seljuk Turkey and Byzantine Empire. 1064, Armenia was conquered by Byzantium, Bagradon Dynasty perished, and Armenian nobles were forced to move to Chirikia (also known as Little Armenia or West Armenia) on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea to establish Rubinian Dynasty. 107 1 year, Byzantine rule ended and Seljuk Turkey began to rule Armenia. 1220 years later, Armenia was ruled by Mongolia invaded by the west.
As for West Armenia, it maintains friendly relations with Mongolia, and is also friendly to the Crusaders and provides assistance. 1375, in order to completely stop the harassment of the Crusaders, the Arabs conquered the kingdom of West Armenia. 1393, the last king of western Armenia, Luccini's Leo VI Lucinian, died in Paris, which also represented the official end of the Roubini dynasty. 1454, shortly after Byzantium was conquered by Ottoman Turks, Armenia also lost its final sovereignty.
1828, eastern Armenia was bought back from Turkey by Russia, so many Armenians moved to eastern Armenia. From 19 15 to 19 18, the Ottoman Turkish government in World War I committed genocide against Armenians living in Ottoman-controlled areas of Turkey for fear of Armenian rebellion. Estimates of the death toll range from 150 to 150. In addition, thousands of Armenians were forced into exile.
1965438+On May 28th, 2008, Armenia became independent from Turkey, but the western part of Armenia was recaptured by Turkey. 1920165438+1On October 29th, Armenia established the Soviet regime, declared itself a Soviet state, and joined the Soviet Union in February. 1936, the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic was founded and officially became one of the Soviet republics.
In Soviet Armenia, a serious earthquake occurred on February 7, 1988+65438, which killed 25,000 Armenians and left 500,000 homeless. At that time, many western NGOs launched large-scale fund-raising and disaster relief activities to help the residents in the affected areas.
Armenia gained its independence from the Soviet Union on September 23rd, 199 1 and regained its status as an independent country. And immediately joined the CIS at 65438+February 2 1.