Yao Chang (330-393) was the first emperor in the late Qin Dynasty. The post-Qin empire was the only separatist regime established by the Qiang people during the period of Five Hu and Sixteen Countries. The founding of the Qiang people has experienced many twists and turns and a long wait. In this respect, Yao Chang is lucky. He realized the Qiang people's dream of entering the Central Plains and wrote an extremely brilliant page in the history of the Qiang people. The post-Qin Empire initiated by Yao Chang is a very important and striking * * in the later period of the Five Lakes and Sixteen Countries. Once dominated the central plains with Guanzhong as the center, once divided the world with Murong Houyan in the north, dominating for a while.
Yao Chang's becoming emperor is also the result of the unremitting efforts of the Yao family, which embodies the painstaking efforts of two generations of father and son. Yao is a native of Chiting, Nan 'an (now Longxi County, Gansu Province), and he is the "leader of Qiang people in the world", so he is also regarded as a nobleman among Qiang people. Yao Chang's father Yao Zhongyi is a great man with a political mind. At the time of the funeral at the end of the Jin Dynasty, he "didn't run an industry, but only received a shirt", specializing in recruiting talents. For a time, "everyone is afraid and close as brothers" (see the Book of Jin above). Because many people defected, he gradually set up a team. This team, after the stepfather, moved to the east, west, north and south, and became a backbone of the Central Plains hegemony during the Wuhu period. The Qiang people were brave and resourceful, so the Qiang army became the object of contention at that time, serving in former Zhao, later Zhao, Eastern Jin and former Qin Jun.
When Ran Min destroyed the empress Zhao, the five lakes were frightened and joined forces to deal with Ran Min. One of the most important forces is Yao and his son of the Qiang army. After the demise of the post-Zhao Dynasty, Yao took refuge in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was named General Che Qi, Yitong No.3 Division, Da Danyu and Gaoling County Duke. After Yao's death, his son Yao Xiang succeeded to the throne and had the idea of occupying Guanzhong and then dominating the Central Plains. As a result, I met the newly rising former Qin who had the same idea. In the confrontation with the Miao people, Yao Xiang was defeated again and again, and finally died. Yao Xiang's younger brother Yao Chang had no choice but to lead an army to take refuge in the former Qin Dynasty. From then on, he and Fu Jian also began a period of gratitude and resentment.
The pre-Qin empire can be said to be from A Qiang and A Qiang. Defeat the Qiang army, let the former Qin gain a foothold in Guanzhong, and then establish a powerful imperial state building; When the former Qin dynasty was on the verge of collapse, it was the Qiang people who gave it a fatal blow and let the empire finally go to ruin. One of the key figures is Yao Chang. So why is Yao Chang so afraid of Fu Jian? As long as you look at Fu Jian's manner, you can see it at a glance. Fu Jian can be said to be a benevolent ruler in the Sixteen Kingdoms period, and he paid attention to "governing the country, putting morality first" (Book of Jin). For example, when dealing with Mr. Murong, when he was pushed out to defect, Fu Jian parted the crowd and entrusted him with an important task; After the destruction of Qianyan, the Murong royal family was properly placed. It fully embodies his open-minded and generous style of doing things.
Fu Jian thinks highly of Yao Chang, and naming him General Long Xiang is the best example. General Long Xiang was originally Fu Jian's official post. After he became emperor, he no longer used the title of "The Dumb Dragon" (The Book of Jin), but gave it to Yao Chang. Fu Jian's move, in Lu's eyes, is not only because Yao Chang is "less clever but more powerful" (The Book of Jin), but also a thoughtful figure; It is not entirely to win over the Qiang forces for their own use. Most importantly, it reflects Fu Jian's trust in Yao Chang. In fact, what makes Yao Chang feel guilty is Fu Jian's courtesy to Yao Chang.
Objectively speaking, Yao Chang contributed to the prosperity of the pre-Qin empire. The former Qin dynasty eliminated the former Yan in the east, merged the enemy pool and former Liang in the west, and the Northern Expedition replaced the country and took Liang Yizhou in the south, finally completing the strong reunification of the north. In the vast northern battlefield, there are traces of Qiang conquest. From this point of view, Fu Jian once relied heavily on Yao Chang, with keen and unique vision. Just like Fu Jian and Prime Minister Wang Meng, Fu Jian and Yao Chang wrote a well-known story. However, history is sometimes so cruel and realistic: a big event can rewrite the direction of history, and a small event can also change the fate of people in history. In the eyes of road guards, if Fu Jian's drowning fiasco had not reached the end of the emperor, the sad story behind him and Yao Chang might not have happened.
To be exact, the break-up between Yao Chang and Fu Jian originated from an accidental event: after the defeat of the former Qin Dynasty, Murong Hong, who has a long history in the northern region, stationed troops in Guanzhong and established the West Extension. Fu Jian sent Yao Chang and his son Fu Rui to encirclement and suppression. As a result, Fu Rui didn't listen to Yao Chang's advice, went deep alone, was ambushed and died in battle. Fu Jian lost his beloved son and wanted to punish Yao Chang. Yao Chang was afraid, so he "ran to Weibei, so he was like a horse" (Book of Jin) and fled to Weibei in despair. Some wealthy households nearby came to vote one after another, "Xian is the leader" (The Book of Jin), and later "More than 100,000 households in Beidi, Xinping and Anding surrendered" (The Book of Jin). So Yao Chang claimed to be a general, a great Khan and a king of Qin for ten thousand years, and turned his back on Fu Jian.
At that time, the former Qin dynasty was in a state of disintegration, and the Empire State Building was difficult to maintain. Fu Rui's death made Fu Jian feel more painful. Yao Chang's eagerness to punish is understandable, but it won't kill him. After all, Yao Chang is a lover who has followed Fu Jian for many years. Besides, Fu Rui's death can't be said to be all Yao Chang's fault, and Fu Jian, who has always been generous and kind, may not lose his mind. But Yao Chang had a guilty conscience, left Fu Jian and ran away, pulling the team himself. In the eyes of road soldiers, Yao Chang didn't necessarily see the ruin of the former Qin Dynasty at that time, and wanted to take the opportunity to dominate.
Killing Fu Jian has become a heart disease for Yao Chang, which is also the reason why he has repeated nightmares. Facing the conflagration between Fu Jian and Mr. Murong, Yao Chang "made great efforts to accumulate millet to observe the changes of the times" (The Book of Jin), trying to gain the benefits of fishermen. After Mu Rongchong, the eldest son, attacked Chang 'an, Fu Jian fled to Wujiangjun Mountain and was captured by Yao Chang. Yao Chang asked Fu Jian for a national decree, and Fu Jian cursed Yao Chang, saying, "There are no five orders. It's unlucky to go against the sky, but it can last a long time "("Book of Jin "). You're just a traitor who bites the hand that feeds him. It's not your turn anyway. In a rage, Yao Chang hanged Fu Jian.
Wuhu chaos, the law of the jungle, survival of the fittest is the only rule. Everyone wants to be an emperor, and everyone wants a piece of the action. Yao Chang's killing Fu Jian for independence is a political reshuffle, which is understandable. Political struggle cannot be based on human nature. But when it comes to Yao Chang's later practice, I really dare not compliment him. He was defeated in the confrontation with the former Qin dynasty. In a rage, he "dug up Fu Jian's body and flogged it countless times", not only dug up Fu Jian's body and flogged it, but also "stripped naked and recommended it with a thorn" (Book of Jin). This kind of insult to the body is not very credible. Don't say that your Yao Chang is favored by Fu Jian, even if you treat your enemies, it is also a dirty business. Being a thief is guilty after all. No wonder later, Yao Chang had nightmares that Fu Jian "drove hundreds of angels and ghost soldiers into the camp" (the Book of Jin) and led the ghost soldiers to clean him up. Yao Chang ran around the palace in fright. Imperial secretary accidentally hit the nail on the head while helping him stab the ghost. "He accidentally hit the yin, bleeding more than one stone" (Book of Jin). Soon, Yao Chang died.
As the saying goes, it is not surprising that Yao Chang was so cruel to Fu Jian that he was scared to death by nightmares. Investigate its reason, or after the anxiety in the heart accumulates to a certain extent, it is a kind of collapse performance. Dare to be the first. Yao Chang is not authentic, and he has no courage to admit it. Facing Fu Jian in the nightmare, Yao Chang knelt down and kowtowed, saying, "I wouldn't waste my life if I killed your majesty's brother Xiang." The man who killed you was my brother Yao Xiang. Don't look for me. Go find him. I don't know if it's really scary or something, but my mind is so clear, and I blame my brother for picking myself clean. This guy, he's not so good. But everything depends on what standard to measure. On the other hand, people who can't put things down in their hearts show that their conscience has not completely disappeared, and they still have their own moral bottom line. People who do bad things can eat and sleep as they like, but they still feel good about themselves and have super psychological quality. They should be made of special materials. Not as good as Yao Chang.