Original: Old people have no Dali, don't abandon it, don't prepare one person. A gentleman is as strong as an ox and does not argue with the ox; Walk like a horse, don't compete with it; Wisdom is like a scholar, don't compete with a scholar for wisdom. Respect those who are broad-minded and respectful; Smart and wise, watching fools, benefit a lot.
Don't abandon a relative or old friend until he makes a serious mistake. Don't blame someone for perfection. A virtuous person, even if he is as strong as an ox, will not compete with the ox.
Even if it flies like a horse, it will not compete with the horse for speed; Even if the wisdom is like a scholar, it will not compete with the scholar for wisdom. People with great virtue will be honored if they treat themselves with humility; If you are smart and foolish, you will benefit a lot.
Second, at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius' family instructions in Lu.
Original text: if you don't learn poetry, you have nothing to say; If you don't learn manners, you can't stand it
One day, Confucius was standing in the yard, and his son Kong Li "hurried through the court", which meant taking short steps. Walking in front of the superiors, you should "rush", keep your head down and walk quickly. This is called "trend".
So Kong Li saw his father Confucius standing in the yard, so he bowed his head and left in a hurry. Confucius said, "Come on, how about learning poetry?" "Can't" speak without learning poetry? "-how can you talk without learning poetry?
Another day passed, Confucius stood in the courtyard again, and Kong Li "hurried through the courtyard". Confucius said, "Come on, how about learning etiquette?" Not yet. "Why don't you learn manners?" How to be a man without learning etiquette?
Third, during the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, wrote the Book of Commandments and the Book of Commandments for Nephews.
Original: Quiet to cultivate one's morality, frugal to cultivate one's morality. If you don't stay in the garden, you will be unclear, restless and not far away. (exhortation)
Improve your self-cultivation with tranquility and cultivate your moral character with thrift. You can't be clear about your ambitions without being quiet, and you can't achieve your lofty goals without excluding external interference.
The husband should aim high, worship sages, abandon lust and stagnate, so that the ambition of ordinary people can be revealed and felt; Endure flexion and extension, remove details, ask questions widely, and get rid of meanness. (nephew's commandment book)
One should set up lofty ideals, admire sages, control one's own passions, get rid of vulgar thoughts suppressed in one's chest, and let the lofty ambition close to sages be clearly reflected in you, which will shake your heart and make you understand. We should be able to adapt to the test of different situations such as smooth twists and turns, get rid of trivial matters and emotional entanglements, consult people extensively, and eradicate our feelings of complaining about others.
Fourth, the family instructions of Wang Langya in Jin Dynasty.
Original: The husband teaches by example, believing it is true; Pushing the United States to lead, Germany also; Famous relatives, filial piety; Brother Yi Yi, from Yan Xin, is very caring; Nothing is more important than giving up money: these five things are the foundation of the body.
Translation: It is the ultimate belief that words and deeds can be consistent; Give your good name to others and bear your own mistakes, which is the ultimate virtue; Spreading a good reputation and making relatives prominent is the ultimate of filial piety; It is extremely commendable that brothers are happy and clans are happy; In the face of property, there is nothing better than humility: these five principles are the foundation of our life.
Five, the Northern Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu's "Ouyang Yong Shu Ji"
Original text: "Jade is not cut, it is not a tool; People don't learn and don't know. " However, jade is a thing, and there is constant Changde; Although it is not a tool, it does no harm to jade. It is human nature to move because of things. If you don't learn, you will be yourself. A villain is not a gentleman, but you have to learn! Pay for the game.
Translation: Jade can't be made into artifacts without carving; If you don't study, you won't understand the truth. However, jade has its eternal characteristics. Even if it is not ground into something, it is still jade and will not be damaged.
Human nature will change under the influence of external things. Therefore, if people don't study, they will lose the noble character of a gentleman and become villains with bad conduct. Isn't it worth pondering?