A native of Zhongxiang, Hubei Province, named Mochou, was born around the 3rd century BC. He is as beautiful as a fairy and likes singing and dancing. At the age of sixteen or seventeen, he was recruited into the palace by Qing Xiang, the king of Chu, and became a showgirl.
Folk songs and dances thus entered the court of the king of Chu. In Chu Palace, I got to know Qu Yuan, Song Yu and Jing Ke, and got their guidance, and my singing and dancing skills improved day by day.
Later, he combined the ancient songs with Qu Yuan and Song Yu's songs of Sao, Fu and Chu, and sang Chu and folk music poems such as Chun Xue, Xialiba People, Yang A, Autumn Dew, Song of Picking Wei and Maixiuge. The lackluster and high-pitched Spring and Snow has become an eternal swan song, which has had a far-reaching impact on the music and songs of later generations.
Later, because her fiance was demoted to Yangzhou, she died in Wu and threw herself into Hanshui River. Fortunately, he was saved by a fisherman and didn't know what to do.
Second, what are the legends about Mo Chounv in history? In different times, there are many different versions of the legend about Mo Chounv. Therefore, we can't say for sure which era Mo Chounv was. However, the earliest legends about Mo Chounv came from Qu Yuan's Shan Gui and Si. From the Warring States Period when Qu Yuan lived, Mo Chounv was the daughter of Lu Gong, a fisherman who fished and rowed on the Han River for a living, and Mo Chounv's mother was a peasant woman who planted mulberry and peach trees. But this ordinary family, with the birth of Mo Chounv and the gradual growth of Mo Chounv, began to become different. It is said that Mo Chounv is called "Mochow" because she has been crying since she was born. Her father Lu Gong said, "Don't cry, don't cry, don't cry! Don't be sad, don't be sad! Mochow, Mochow! " A series of words advised little Mochow to stop crying, but when she heard the word "Mochow", she stopped crying at once, which surprised Duke Lu. Therefore, Duke Lu decided to call his daughter Mochow from now on, and her daughter was predestined friends with Mochow.
There is an uncertain "fate" in a person's name, and this is the fate of Mo Chounv.
She was born in an ordinary family, but as she grew older, Mo Chounv's appearance became better and better, and her reputation gradually spread. Sometimes, Mo Chounv picks lotus flowers in the rough waves. Sometimes, Mo Chounv goes to the market with her parents to sell peaches. Sometimes, she is in charge of rowing and paddling. Mo Chounv likes dancing and singing very much since she was a child. She is very talented in this field. Mo Chounv's voice is very clear. As long as Mo Chounv hears it once, she can learn Chu Du Ying's pop songs.
Because of his fame in songs, Mo Chounv even has some intersection with our great romantic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a great poet. Under the guidance of Qu Yuan and Song Yu, Mo Chounv's ability in songs improved rapidly, and he also finished the composition of the famous song "Chun Xue" and spread it. When King Xiang of Chu heard about Mo Chounv's beauty and singing skills, he forcibly called her into the palace to be a singer and dancer, and also separated Mo Chounv from her fiance Wang Xiangge. After watching Wang Xiangge go to Yangzhou, Mo Chounv was heartbroken and went to the Han River and jumped.
In the above story, there are both Qu Yuan and King Xiang of Chu. We can easily guess that this period should be the middle and late Warring States period. In other words, Mo Chounv was a historical figure in the period of King Xiang of Chu, and was the inspiration of Qu Yuan.
There is also a story about Mo Chounv, which happened in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. Mo Chounv is the heroine of this story, but her identity is very humble, and she is the new fire girl of Zhongshan Palace in Daming. In fact, Mo Chounv was the daughter of Shao Qing, and Mo Chounv's father was framed by a traitor, so the whole family was implicated.
Mo Chounv was sold to Zhongshan Wang Fu by the government, so he met the heroic program. Mochow didn't have a name, because she was the new maid and the maid who made the fire. Coincidentally, Sun Yat-sen's son discovered that Mochow was very clever, but she could hardly read or draw, so she stayed with her to work.
Great changes have taken place in Mochow's family, so she is often unhappy. The program named her Mochow. In fact, the program first met Mo Chounv on his grandmother's birthday. At that time, he fell in love with Mo Chounv. Later, he also specially transferred Mo Chounv to serve him. Two people get along with each other every day and love each other.
One day, the teacher of the program went out to meet friends, and the program took Mo Chounv boating in the lake in the garden. The program expressed his heart to Mo Chounv on the boat. Mo Chounv was moved, but also revealed to the program that she was the daughter of a guilty minister. Two people decided their lives privately, but family status became their biggest obstacle. The grandmother of the program heard about the program and Mo Chounv. She strongly opposed it and forced Xu to marry Qiu, the daughter of Premier Qiu. On the wedding day, the program found Mo Chounv and wanted to elope with her. After the program left, Mo Chounv was beaten half to death by the old lady.
When Qiu heard about it, he lied that he was very ill and needed a pair of eyes. Mo Chounv gouged out his own eyes in order to save the program, and finally committed suicide. The program knew that Mo Chounv was dead and didn't want to live alone, so he was double suicide.
What are Mochow's historical allusions? Mo Chounv is famous for its folk songs and dances.
"Rong Zhai Essay" said: "Mochow is from Shicheng, Yunzhou. Now there are painters telling stories about looks in Mochou Village and sending them to four places. " Mo Chounv, found in official history, originated from ancient Yuefu, Shicheng music and Mochow music.
The book of the Tang Dynasty: Shicheng was written by Zang Zhi in the Song Dynasty. Shicheng is located in Jingling County, and its quality is Jingling County. Looking out from the city, I saw a group of teenagers singing smoothly, so I made this song.
"Mochow Music" comes from Shicheng Music. There is a woman named Mochow in Quartz Clock City who is good at folk songs. "Music in Shicheng. Harmony ",there was a cry" Mo Xi ",so the song goes: Where is Mo Chou? Mochow rowed two oars to urge Mochow to come to the west of the stone city.
In the winter of the 11th year of Tian Jian (5 12), Liang Wudi changed "traditional opera" to Mo Chounv in Shicheng, also known as Manle, sixteen old dancers and eight beams. Many legends and stories of Mo Chounv also spread from the Western Chu to the Eastern Wu.
In Zhongxiang, Mochou Village, Mochou Lake and Mochou Ferry were left behind. Wang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote in Ji Sheng in the Ground: "In Mochou Village, west of the Han River, peach blossoms are in full bloom, flowers fall in late spring, and flowing water is fragrant.
"Zhongxiang County Records Historical Relics" contains: "Mochou Village is in Han Erli. The ancient Han River runs through the city, and to the west is Mochow's village. There is a lake in the north of the city, adjacent to the village. It's called Mochou Lake. " For thousands of years, these scenic spots and historical sites have been a good place for literati to pay their respects and visit.
The village where Mo Chounv lived was not originally called Mochou Village. Because peach blossoms bloom every year and are as red as clouds, people are used to calling them Peach Blossom Village. Mochou Lake adjacent to Mochou Village was called Canglang Lake in ancient history.
Taohua Village faces the Baixue Building on the nose cliff of Ximen Ferry in Zhongying Shicheng and Yangchuntai in the east of the building across the river, and the Canglang Three Lakes in the north of the city are adjacent to the village across the river. Mo Chounv's father, Lu Gong, made a living by ferrying on the Han River, and his mother planted peaches in the village.
On a stormy day in the early years of King Xiang of Chu, Mo Chounv was born in a cabin on the river bank ferry at the head of Taohua Village. She was crying all the time when she was born. Qi Huangong hugged her and coaxed her: "Don't cry, don't cry, don't be sad, don't be sad, don't worry, don't worry!" Hearing the word "Mochow", her crying suddenly stopped.
So Duke Lu named her Mochow. "The goldfinch scratched his head and called Mochow.
"(Ning) Miss Mochow walked in the wind and rain, drinking water from the Han River and eating food from Taohua Village. Sometimes they pick ling and lotus with their sisters in the blue waves of Canglang Lake, sometimes they go to town to sell peaches with their parents, sometimes they play in rivers and lakes, and sometimes they learn singing and dancing in Yangchuntai and Baixuelou. She has a sweet and crisp voice and should be able to learn all kinds of songs now.
When she was fifteen or sixteen, she was like a lotus in Canglang Lake, thin and slim, with dimples and smiling lips. The face is like a fragrant lotus petal, white and red; Actions like the wind send colorful clouds, light and elegant; Golden voice sings jade, clothes dance sleeves spit rainbow. Lotus pouch is full of good breath, and the river is full of jade. With the guidance and help of Qu Yuan and Song Yu, Mo Chounv turned the past into the future and absorbed the joy of Chu Ci. After the great pianist Liu, he completed the chorus of the solo classic Spring and Snow.
Mo Chounv's reputation for singing and dancing spread to the palace of the King of Chu, who recruited her to be a singer and dancer and exiled her fiance, Wang Xiangge, an oriental neighbor, to Yangzhou. The ground of Yangzhou is thousands of miles away from Zhong Ying. Brother Xiang will really go somewhere.
The ancient "Mochou Le" describes the sad scene of Mo Chounv's tears farewell to Wang Xiangge by the Han River: "Huan Wen went down to Yangzhou to bid farewell to Chu Shantou, stretched out his hand and looked around his waist, and the river could not stop flowing!" Mo Chounv couldn't take off his clothes because of the heavy snow in the Hanshui River. She watched the boat carrying Brother Xiang go away, and plunged into the Han River in Baixuelou with anger! In order to commemorate her, people renamed Taohua Village Mochou Village, Canglang Lake Mochou Lake, and the place where she boarded the boat under the snowy mountain was named Mochou Ferry. "Don't be sad, don't be sad, leave respectively, and get to know each other happily.
"(Qu Yuan's" Nine Songs Little General ") Legend has it that Mo Chounv did not actually die. She was rescued by a fisherman in the Hanshui River. She searched for Qu Yuan and Wang Xiangge who had traveled all over the rivers and lakes without a trace, and really returned to the people. "Mochow Music" sings: "Every family welcomes Mochow, everyone says Mochow, and Mochow songs are just touching people's hearts! "Later generations chanted poems and songs about Mo Chounv, Mochou Village, Mochou Lake, Mochou Ferry, Yangchuntai and Baixuelou, which vividly recorded the deeds of Mo Chounv.
For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin wrote: "Who is the flower in the snow? There are ten thousand plum blossoms. If there is no boat in Shicheng, Mochow will still have her own troubles.
Tang Zheng Gushi: "Shicheng was once Mochow's hometown, and Mochow's soul was scattered in the barren Shicheng, sailing and sailing, the wind was mighty, flowers blossomed and flowers fell, and spring was sad. Poetry of the Song Dynasty: "Mochou Township at Canglang Ferry, cold and smoky first frost, you are reluctant to stay, and you are drunk at sunset.
Zhou Mi's Apricot Flowers in Song Dynasty. Fu's "Mochow" said: "Rui Yunpan, Cui invaded Fang's forehead; My eyebrows are tender and I can't help worrying. Who dyes the Dongfeng pen and writes the color of Spring Festival? After people go, hang Yang Zibi; I dreamed of singing and dancing, but I couldn't find any trace.
Sorrow follows two oars north and south, and Shicheng is anxious at dusk. Wang Ming said in a poem, "If you lean on a white-nosed pot and cross a peach blossom, you won't have time to ask for directions. Please visit Mochow's house first." .
Zehong's poem: "Shicheng in the west of Mochou Lake, who said that women are Lu?" ? Worry about Mochou Lake, worry about Mochou. "Li Su's poem" Looking at Peach Blossoms in Mochou Village "in the Qing Dynasty:" The beauty of the South China is Mochou, who grew up in Zhou Fang until now, and her soul is not allowed to rest in the spring breeze and scatter into peach blossoms. "
Poems and poems are sung, and people stay fragrant, just like Yangchuntai, Baixuelou, elegant famous song "Yangchun Baixue" and Song Yu, Mochou Village, Mochou Lake and Mochou Ferry, with Mo Chounv, it is famous for the ages. In those days, the Han River flowed near Stone Town in Zhong Ying. Mochou Lake in those days was a thousand acres of blue waves.
With the changes of the times, the Hanjiang River moved five miles away from the city. Mochou Lake has also undergone corresponding changes. "The country in the world is good for illness" contains: "The old road of Hanshui was forced into the county town, and the early years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty. The new flood bypassed the eastern part of the mountain bay and flowed to the city.
"Zhong Xiang county annals. "Yu Fang" said: "After the tomb was revealed, Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty was puzzled by the theory of geomantic omen, blocked Aokou and forced the Hanshui River to move south. Aoshui has gone from Han to Mochou Lake. " Mochou Lake, which used to span the east and west banks of the Han River, and Mochou Village, where peach blossoms are in full bloom, are now on the east bank of the Han River.
Wenji Town, located on the west bank of the Han River, still retains the old customs of Chu, not only in Taolin area, but also inherits the totem dance "Phoenix" of Chu.
IV. Mochou and Mochou Lake Mochou Mochou Lake Introduction There are two famous Mochou Lakes in China, one is west of Qinhuai River in Nanjing and the other is Zhongxiang in Hubei.
In memory of two women who are both "Mochow"! 1. Nanjing Mochou Lake Mochou Lake is located to the west of Qinhuai River in Nanjing. Mochou Lake Park is a famous classical garden in the south of the Yangtze River, with a long history of 65,438+0,500 years and rich human resources. It was a scenic spot in the Six Dynasties.
The existing area of the park is 58. 36 hectares, of which the water surface is 32.
36 hectares. The buildings, pavilions and pavilions in the park are patchwork, with weeping willows on the shore and begonia in the water.
Hallows Building, Yu Jintang, Shuixie Building, Bao Yue Building and winding paths are secluded among rocks, pines, bamboos, flowers and trees. Mochou Lake has been known as "the first lake in the south of the Yangtze River", "the first scenic spot in Jinling" and "the first of 48 scenic spots in Jinling" since ancient times.
Mochou Lake was called Hengtang in ancient times, and named Shicheng Lake after Shicheng. According to legend, Mochow, a girl from Luoyang, married a rich man in Jiangdong and moved to Shicheng Lake in Nanjing during the Southern Qi Dynasty.
Mochow is dignified, virtuous and helpful. Later generations renamed Shicheng Lake Mochou Lake in memory of her. Later, a 2-meter-high white marble statue was carved in the lotus pond of the Lotus Hall on the Yu Jintang side of her former residence, which has now become one of the landmark attractions in Nanjing.
Second, Zhong Xiang Mochou Lake "Where is Mochou? On the west side of Mochow Stone Town, the boat paddled two oars at Mochow. " North of Zhongxiang City, a clear water is like a mirror. This is Mochou Lake, which has been famous for thousands of years.
There are hundreds of beautiful islands in the lake, and water and sky are the same. On Yangchun Baixue Island, Baixuelou and Yangchun Terrace face each other across the water, as if Mochow reappeared; In the Lantai Palace, singing and dancing are peaceful, and Xiang Wang plays with wine to reproduce the charm of Chu State.
On Lower Riba Island, men plow and women weave, fishing and hunting, and folk songs are splendid, and love is also Tao Tao. Military field island, guns rumbling, ShaSheng bursts, thrilling * * *, fascinating! On the shores of Mochou Lake, peach blossoms bloom every spring and March. In summer and autumn, girls flock, singing across the lake and picking lilies.
Mochou Lake Legend Mochou Lake is located in the west of Shuiximen Waiqiao, named after a beautiful legend. Mochow is a hardworking, kind, beautiful and intelligent poor woman in Luoyang, Henan Province.
15 years old, his father died of illness and had to sell his body to bury his father. As it happens, Mr. Lu, who lives on the bank of Shicheng Lake in Jiankang, is in Luoyang. Seeing Mochow's beauty and cleverness, he bought her as his daughter-in-law.
Mochow left her mother in the south with tears after burying her father. Soon, the northern frontier was occupied by the enemy, and her husband applied for border defense. Unexpectedly, I haven't heard from you for ten years. Simple Mochow pinned her mind on the kindness of helping her neighbors in times of crisis and was praised by her neighbors.
However, when her father-in-law objected, Mochow could not bear to be framed and threw herself into Shicheng Lake to show her resistance. Later generations missed Mochou, so they renamed the place where he lived and Shicheng Lake Mochou Lake.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) What's the final outcome of Mo Chounv? In history, Qu Yuan, a real poet in Mo Chounv, finally died in the Miluo River, and a generation of poets died. And Mo Chounv's deep affection for heaven and earth made her unwilling to stay in the palace. It is rumored that she was boating in the river, and few people know where she went. Mo Chounv has a long history and legend, which is also recorded in the Book of the Tang Dynasty.
Mo Chounv, there are three theories circulating in the world today.
Version 1
Mo Chounv, Shicheng and Yunzhou. Yunzhou, now Zhongxiang, Hubei. Zhongxiang Ancient City in Zhong Ying was once the garrison of Shicheng in the Kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, which was called Shicheng in previous dynasties. The historical materials of Mo Chounv in Zhongxiang Shicheng are very rich, and the official records were first found in Song Shu in the Southern Dynasties. During the Yuanjia period of the Southern Dynasty, Zang Zhi was the chief of Jingling County, and said, "I tried to climb Shicheng and saw a group of teenagers singing Mochow songs, because I wrote Shicheng Music and Mochow Music and sang Mochow stories." Liu Shao's Book of the Later Han Dynasty and Book of the Old Tang Dynasty are collectively called "Mochou Le". Because of Shicheng music, Shicheng has a female name Mochow, who is good at folk songs. Shicheng Music and Zhongfu have the sound of "Mochow", so the song says: Where is Mochow? "On the west side of Mochow Stone City, the boat rowed twice to urge Mochow to come over." Ji Yu Sheng Land says: "Mochow Village in the west of Hanshui River is full of peach blossoms, with flowers falling in late spring and fragrant running water. "Literature General Examination" says: "Shicheng's female name is Mochow, and she is good at singing." "Rong Zhai Essay" also said: "Mochow is from Shicheng, Yunzhou, and now there is Mochow Village. Painters tell each other, good people write more and send them four miles away. "Many legends and stories of Mo Chounv have also spread from the western place to Soochow. In Zhongxiang, Mochou Village, Mochou Ferry and Mochou Lake were left behind. Zhongxiang County Records. Monuments "contains:" Mochou Village, the second lane of Han Dynasty, the ruins of ancient Han River passing through the city, the village in the west, Mochou House in the north, and the lake adjacent to the village, named Mochou Lake ".
Version 2
Luoyang Mo Chounv. Li Shangyin, a famous poet, once wrote a poem for her: "Overseas people are famous for nine continents, and they are uncertain about this life ... how to be the emperor of the four seasons is not as good as Lu's." The poet's "Mochow" is really a "flower of interpretation". Liang Wudi also wrote a poem about her, which is more specific. The poem is called "Song in the River": "The water of Hedong flows eastward, and the female name of Luoyang is Mochow. Mochow could weave beautiful flowers at the age of thirteen and pick mulberry heads at the age of fourteen. 15 Marry a Lu Jiafu ... Twelve lines of gold hairpin on his head, five articles in the first step. Coral glows when hung in the mirror, and flat-headed slaves carry shoes. Life is precious. What do you expect? " I wish I had married my master. "Mo Chounv's native place, life experience and family background are described here.
Version 3
Mo Chounv in Nanking was not recorded in writing until the Song Dynasty. Earlier, Zhou Meicheng's Yuefu Xihe River. Hong Mai questioned this matter in Rong Zhai's Essays. It seems that Zhou Meicheng confused "Stone Town" with "Stone Town". It is indeed a misunderstanding in history to call Shicheng in history. Huang's Textual Research on Shicheng in Qing Dynasty said: "There are two Shicheng, one in Wu, one in Chu and one in Wu. Jinling has a rocky mountain, governing the west in the government and relying on the mountain as the city, hence the name' Shicheng'. " In Chu, Ying's foundation is facing the sky on three sides, and the stone wall in the west is particularly unique. Because the stone is the city, it is also called the stone city, which was built when Yang Hu was the prefect of Xiangyang. "Geographical Interpretation" said: "Zizheng, the city of Longzhou, has natural foundations on three sides, faces the cliff in the west and faces the Han River, hence the name Shicheng". It can be seen that Shicheng is the ancient city of Zhongxiang in Hubei today. The world may think of Shicheng as Nanjing today, but it is mistaken for Shicheng. This misunderstanding was caused by Zhou Bangyan, a poet in the Song Dynasty. He wrote in "Xihe Jinling Nostalgia: The Land of Beauty" that he remembered the prosperity of the Southern Dynasties ... Cliff trees and Mochou boats were once tied. " The words are beautiful, but they are in the wrong place. For Zhou Bangyan's negligence, Hong Mai in the Southern Song Dynasty pointed out in his "Rong Zhai Essays" that "Mochow is a native of Shicheng, Yunzhou, and now there is Mochow Village. ...... Recently, Zhou Meicheng (great words) dedicated his Yuefu "Xihe" to Jinling, saying that "Mochow's boat was tied". Isn't it wrong to say that the stone city is a stone city? " . It is precisely because of the misunderstanding of Shicheng's name that some people mistake Mo Chounv, who was originally from Chu, for Wu. There is a poem "Shicheng Qu" in the Diary of the Northern Expedition as evidence: "Mochow's family is in the west of Shicheng, with flowers blooming and warblers crying." When the gate of Hanshui River is infinitely green, I sent Lang two oars across Tanxi.
For many years, people outside these three places have known that Nanjing has Mo Chounv, but they don't know the other two Mo Chounv, which should be inseparable from Nanjing's economic development and numerous intellectual resources.