The construction of Beihai originated from an ancient legend: it is said that there are three fairy mountains in the vast East China Sea, namely Penglai, Yingzhou and Abbot; Immortals live on mountains. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he sent alchemist Xu Fu to the East China Sea to look for the elixir of life, but found nothing. In the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also dreamed of immortality, but the search was still fruitless, so he ordered to dig a big pool in the north of Chang 'an, named Taiye Pool, and three rockeries were piled up in the pool, named after Penglai, Linzhou and abbot Sanxian Mountain respectively.
Since then, emperors of all dynasties have liked to build royal palaces in the form of "one pool and three mountains". This is the form adopted by the North Sea-the North Sea symbolizes Taiyechi, Qionghua Island is Penglai, and the original "Tuancheng" and "Xishantai" in the water symbolize Yingzhou and the abbot. There are many immortal relics in the park, such as "Lvgong Cave", "Immortal Temple" and "Copper Immortal Bearing Dew Plate".
History of landscape architecture
Beihai Park, located in the center of Beijing, is one of the oldest and most well-preserved royal gardens in our garden, with a history of nearly a thousand years.
The development of Beihai Garden began in Liao Dynasty, and the Jin Dynasty built the magnificent Taining Palace in the 19th year of Dading (1 179). Taining Palace followed the rule of "one pool and three mountains" in China's royal gardens, and moved the Taihu Stone in the Bianjing Genyue Royal Garden in the Northern Song Dynasty to Qionghua Island. In the 4th year of Yuan Dynasty (1267), Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu built Qionghua Island as the capital city, and Qionghua Island and its lakes were incorporated into the imperial city, named Wanshou Mountain and Taiye Pool.
In the 18th year of Yongle (1420), the Ming Dynasty officially moved its capital to Beijing, and Wanshou Mountain and Taiyechi became the royal gardens on the west side of the Forbidden City, called Xiyuan. In the Ming dynasty, the water surface opened to the south, forming a pattern of three seas. The Qing Dynasty inherited the Xiyuan of the Ming Dynasty, and carried out a large-scale reconstruction of Beihai during the Qianlong period, which laid the foundation for the subsequent scale and pattern.
After the Revolution of 1911, Beihai was opened as a park. 1925. 1949 after the founding of new China, the party and the government attached great importance to the protection of Beihai Park and allocated huge sums of money to repair it. 196 1 was announced by the State Council as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in the park.
Beihai Garden was built according to the fairyland described in China's ancient fairy tale "The Legend of the Queen Mother of the West". After Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it gradually formed today's pattern.