Mohsin was born in1May 5, 849. 12 years old, entered a military school and joined the army there. 1867 entered Moscow Alexander Rovskoye Military Middle School. When he left the military middle school on 1870, he was transferred to the Kaylovskoy Artillery Academy in order to be transferred to the artillery department. 1875 After graduation, he was transferred to Tula Arsenal.
Mohin's first job as a weapon designer was to improve the Bodan II rifle, and Mohinnagan rifle was his second design, although his design was not completely adopted in the final finished Mohinnagan rifle.
Mosin started the design of repeating rifles at 1883. In 1884 and 1885, he provided several rifle designs with built-in magazines for the bidding committee. The original design is 10.6 mm caliber. However, Mohsin's achievements have not been taken seriously by the Russian army.
1886, Lebel rifle with 8 mm caliber was adopted in France (this is the first military weapon with small caliber bullets with smokeless powder), which caused countries all over the world to adopt small caliber bullets with smokeless propellant (compared with previous ammunition).
During the period from 1887 to 1889, the armies of most European countries used similar weapons, and the Russian government also decided to replace the current Bertin rifle with similar new-style repeating rifles. To this end, the Russian government organized a committee to choose from the existing designs of Mao Se, Lebel, Lee Metford, Manlixia, Schmidt Rubin and Cragg jorgenson.
Mosin was also commissioned to design a 7.62mm caliber rifle with five single-row magazines for bidding. According to ancient Russian weights and measures, it is called 3-wire caliber. Li Ang Nagan, a Belgian weapons designer, submitted a 3.5-caliber (8.89 mm) rifle and 500 bullets to the Russian army for testing.
All the weapons participating in the bidding were tested by the Russian army from 1890 to 189 1, and the Russian army preferred Nagan's design. Originally, it was beneficial to Nagan's design, but for the sake of Russian national dignity, the government was very interested in Mosin's rifle.
Due to the disagreement between the government and the army, the Committee finally adopted a compromise: the two designs were merged into one rifle, and as a result, the ammunition supply system designed by the Nagan brothers was installed on the rifle designed by Mosin, so this rifle system was called Mosin-Nagan rifle.
Both sides who participated in the competition were compensated: the Nagan brothers were paid, and Mosin was promoted to colonel and appointed as the director of the Shestretsk Arsenal to continue to improve and produce this rifle. Colonel Mosin died on February 8, 1902, and was buried in Tula. 1960, the Soviet Union established the S.I. Mosin Special Award to reward experts in various defense enterprise systems.
When Mosinnagan rifles were used, Russian light weapons enterprises were not ready for production, so the first batch of M 189 1 Mosinnagan rifles were produced by Chattero Light Weapons Factory in France. Mosinnagan rifle was the main equipment of Russian army in World War I.
During World War I, foreign contractors were once again used to produce this kind of rifle. At that time, Russia was very short of rifles, so it signed production contracts with two American companies, but these rifles were not handed over to the later Soviet regime because of the October Revolution, and were used for training and private sales in the United States.
M 189 1 There were three kinds of rifles at first: infantry rifle, dragoon rifle and Cossack rifle. Infantry rifles are standard long rifles, and the latter two are mounted guns (carbines) distributed to cavalry units.