Located in the middle of Yongding River alluvial fan outside Yongdingmen, Beijing, it was once a place where rivers and lakes were widely distributed and lush vegetation.
When the Yuan Dynasty was founded, it was called "dismount and fly", which was the place where the nobles of the Yuan Dynasty hunted.
During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, it was expanded and built with a wall with a circumference of 60 kilometers, which was called "Nanhaizi".
There were four doors in the Zhou Dynasty, with one house built in it, one general magistrate and four magistrates in charge of management.
The garden is divided into four parts, and each part is managed by a magistrate, which governs 400 households.
There are twenty-four gardens in the park, where animals are raised and fruits and vegetables are planted for emperors and princes to hunt and enjoy.
Later, it became more and more barren, and Nanyuan had declined during the Qin Long period of the Ming Dynasty.
In the Qing dynasty, it continued to operate and built four palaces and several temples. In the Ming Dynasty, the original two prefect yamen were converted into palaces (old yamen and new yamen) and Tuanhe Palace was built.
Part of Nanyuan was used as a place to practice martial arts, and an eagle hanging platform was built as a reviewing platform, where the Qing emperor reviewed the Eight Banners army many times.
Civilians are forbidden to enter at ordinary times, and a tongzhi room is set up here.
There are many roe deer, rabbits, elk and muntjac in the garden, and tigers are kept in captivity for hunting.
1900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and the Japanese army broke into the garden to burn the building and shoot animals.
190 1 year. The dragon seal was issued by the royal family, and it was allowed to recruit tenants for reclamation. Only then did people occupy the land in the garden and set up a manor.
Nanyuan Airport was built in the barracks of Ji Shen Military Camp.
After the Revolution of 1911, it was still an important garrison.
Feng Yuxiang built "Ross Church" on 1924, also known as "Chinese Methodist Church Nanyuan Town Gospel Church", which is located at Xi 'erdao Street 1 in Nanyuan Town, with a building area of 167. 1 m2 and can accommodate more than 500 people. Li Changyuan was the first pastor of our church (1894).
During the Cultural Revolution, the property was occupied by Nanyuan Center of Bohrandt Food Industry and Trade Group.
After 1949, it developed into an important agricultural and industrial area in the suburbs of Beijing.
Located in the southwest corner, the site of Qingtuan River Palace has been turned into a park, and there is also Nanhaizi Elk Garden in the park.
Before 1985 Elk returned to China, animal protection experts at home and abroad made a lot of preparations for the return of Elk, one of which was to choose a home for Elk. For the release project, site selection is very important, not only to meet the requirements of survival and reproduction of elk, but also to be convenient.
Project implementation, management and promotion.
Chinese and foreign scientists visited Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places in the historical distribution area of elk, and finally decided to locate it in Nanhaizi, Beijing. The reason is that Nanhaizi in Beijing is the scientific discovery place of milu deer, the origin of model species, the final extinction place and the historical distribution place of wild milu deer, which has many favorable conditions such as being located in the capital, convenient transportation and gathering of scientific research institutions.
1993, there are more than 200 milu deer in Elk Garden. 1997, there are wild animals free-range area, exhibition area, picnic area and camping area.
In 2000, there were 130 elk in the museum.
There are white-lipped deer, red deer, sika deer, roe deer and other deer animals and Platts wild horses, as well as birds such as grey starlings and woodpeckers.
Nanhaizi Elk Garden is located in the southern suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from Tiananmen Square.
After a hundred years of great social changes, this famous garden, which experienced the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, has almost disappeared except for the Tuanhe Palace, which was once famous overseas for its preservation of elk.
Even the three-meter-high city wall that stretches for more than 100 has long since disappeared, leaving only the names of several city gates on the map of Beijing.
However, there is no blowing in the wind in the story of Elk. They are not only recorded in the court history books, but also engraved on the elk horns collected by emperors, and remain in the memory of village names and villagers handed down from generation to generation. Even place names such as Dahongmen, xiaohongmen, Jiugong and Luquan still exist, and occasionally elk horns buried under the mud by the river can be dug here.