Later, a kind of seat called "Hu Chuang" was introduced from the north. Hu Chuang is similar to Mazar-e-Mazar, and it can be seen from the name that it is a foreign thing. Many nouns beginning with the word horse were brought to us by nomadic people in the past, such as vest, saber and riding boots. Mazar is no exception. At that time, the Han people sat on the floor, and it was strange to see the nomadic eldest brother turn over and dismount, taking things from his horse and sitting under his ass. Because there is no Chinese name, the one tied to the horse's back is called Mazar.
This kind of Hu bed introduced from the north developed into a common thing in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There are women sitting on square stools and cross-legged stools in Cave 257 in Dunhuang, and women sitting on round stools in Lotus Cave in Longmen. These murals vividly depict the use of chairs and stools in the families of officials and nobles in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Later, the Chinese people slowly accepted it and began to enjoy this belated comfort, and improved it on the basis of Mazar, adding backrest and armrest. Thus, we have today's ancient furniture in China-chairs.
The name "chair" was only found in the Tang Dynasty. During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the use of chairs and stools gradually increased. Chairs in Song Dynasty were more common, with more reasonable modeling structure and close to modern height. In the Ming Dynasty, there were various forms of chairs, including top chairs, round-backed chairs, official hat chairs, armchairs and rose chairs.
In ancient times, the appearance of chairs ended the history of people sitting on the floor, and human civilization took a big step forward with the improvement of chair height. Today, these ordinary furniture have shown extraordinary charm and become the objects sought after by collectors all over the world. 1995, China guardian auctioned a pair of official hat chairs in the early Ming dynasty, with a transaction price of 440,000 yuan; In 2004, at the autumn auction of Beijing Hanhai, a pair of official hat chairs in the early Ming Dynasty with the same style as Huanghualimu was sold for 1.8 1.5 million yuan. China ancient furniture is more like a duck to water in overseas auction market. As early as 1995, the transaction price of a Huang Huali was more than $500,000. No wonder some people say that collecting a good chair is equivalent to enjoying it.
Maybe we can't know the specific birth time of each chair, but through those ancient famous paintings scattered all over the world, we can be sure that chairs and stools do exist in our lives and develop with the wisdom of several generations. Although those famous ancient paintings have yellowed and even become blurred, the blurred image seems to be a time machine, which clearly reproduces the history-the development history of an ancient furniture in China.
Ancient folding chairs-location
The top chair is a very old chair, so it is named because its legs are crossed. The top spot was "born" in the Tang Dynasty and was popular in the Song Dynasty. Because it can be folded and carried easily, it becomes a temporary display outdoors or in the hall.
It is reported that when the emperor went hunting, the chair carried by the attendants was the highest position. When the emperor was tired, he ordered his attendants to open the top hole and have a rest. Over time, the top spot has become a symbol of power. When describing a person's position in China, people often say which position they sit in, and "sitting first" represents the supreme position. For example, in the historical masterpiece Water Margin, Song Jiang won the first prize.
round-backed armchair
Round-backed armchair is an outstanding representative of ancient furniture in China, and it is also one of the furniture with the most national characteristics. It is developed from the square stool. Add a chair ring to the square stool and it becomes an round-backed chair. Without a chair back and armrests, it is a square stool.
The chair ring is semicircular, and the chair back and armrest are self-contained. After sitting down, the hips and arms are supported and rested, which makes people feel very comfortable, so it is very popular. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a chair surface made of rattan skin was developed.
surname
The plush chair was born in the Song Dynasty, and it is the only chair named after an official position. In the past, we often said "sit firmly in the plush chair", which refers to this kind of chair.
The birth of the plush chair is somewhat legendary. According to Zhang's Gui in Song Dynasty, it was none other than the later traitor who killed Yue Fei. Once, he was sitting in an round-backed chair and his headscarf accidentally fell off. When the "flatterer" around him saw it, he ordered the craftsman to make a lotus leaf holder and put it on the chair ring. Qin Gui was very happy, hence the name "plush chair". In the Qing Dynasty, the plush chair evolved into a screen armchair, which was solemn and rigorous, with heavy materials and magnificent bearing, making the people sitting on it more elegant.
Official hat chair
The official hat chair is named after the chair looks like the official hat of an ancient official.
There are two kinds of official hat chairs: the south official hat chair and the "four-headed" official hat chair. The biggest difference between the two is whether the two ends of the armchair and the front ends of the left and right handrails are "in the head".
Rose chair
Rose chair is actually a southern official hat chair. Its chair back is lower than other kinds of chairs, slightly higher than the armrest, compact and beautiful, mostly made of Huang Huali wood, pleasing to the eye.
Although it came into being in the Song Dynasty, it became a fashionable chair style in the Ming Dynasty, and unlike other chairs, it was not placed on both sides of the console table, opposite to it, but could live side by side without the console table or be placed irregularly. In short, the resettlement methods are flexible and diverse. In addition, its name is different from north to south. It is called "Rose Chair" in the north and "Wen Chair" in the south.
chair
This kind of chair has a long history, dating back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and was widely used after the Tang Dynasty. The modeling characteristics of armchairs are: only the backrest, no handrails, and the backrest is not at the head. Its main change is in the backrest, which is often carved with various exquisite patterns.