The Tang Dynasty (6 18 ~ 907) is recognized as one of the most powerful times in China. Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty in 6 18, with its capital in Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi). In its heyday, the desert of Central Asia was also ruled by it in the 7th century. In 690, Wu Zetian changed the country name "Tang" to "Zhou" and moved the capital to Luoyang, which was called Wu Zhou in history, also known as "Da Zhou". In 705, Li Xian, Tang Zhongzong, restored the title of the Tang Dynasty and the old system of the Tang Dynasty, and was also Chang 'an. The Tang Dynasty gradually declined after the Anshi Rebellion in the 14th year of Tianbao (755), and Zhu Wen, king of Liang Dynasty, usurped the throne and perished in the 4th year of Tianbao (907). The Tang Dynasty experienced 2/kloc-0 emperors (including Wu Zetian) for 289 years. Tang made brilliant achievements in culture, politics, economy and diplomacy, and was the most powerful country in the world at that time.
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms refers not to a dynasty, but to a special historical period. After the demise of the Tang Dynasty, political power appeared in the Central Plains one after another, including Houliang, Houtang, Houjin, Houhan and the last Friday, collectively known as the Five Dynasties. The Ten Kingdoms refers to the ten separatist regimes that appeared one after another outside the Five Dynasties: Pre-Shu, Post-Shu, Wu, Southern Tang, wuyue, Fujian, Chu, Southern Han, Nanping (namely Jingnan) and Northern Han, collectively referred to as the Ten Kingdoms. As for the fixed number of years of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it is said that the Northern Song Dynasty perished in 979 AD, so the historical period of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms is 907-979 AD. On the other hand, the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms existed from 907 to 960.
Song Dynasty was divided into Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty was a powerful dynasty in the history of China. Founded in 960 AD by Zhao Kuangyin, Song Taizu, the period when the regime moved southward from 1 127 AD was called the Northern Song Dynasty, with Kaifeng as its capital. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty ended the fragmented situation formed since the end of the Tang Dynasty and unified China. However, due to the strength of Liao, Jin, Xixia and other countries in the same period of the Song Dynasty, the regime of the Northern Song Dynasty was always under the threat of foreign enemies. After the change of Jingkang in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 127- 1279), Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou rebuilt the Song Dynasty in Lin 'an (present-day Hangzhou), which is called the Southern Song Dynasty in history, bordering the Huaihe River (present-day Huaihe River) in the east and the Jin Dynasty and Dasanguan in the west. Southern Song Dynasty coexisted with Xixia, Jin Dynasty and Dali. The Southern Song Dynasty lies to the south of Huaihe River. It is a dynasty with developed feudal economy, advanced ancient science and technology and a high degree of opening to the outside world in the history of China, but its military strength is weak and its politics is incompetent.
Generally speaking, the Tang and Song Dynasties spanned 550 years from the beginning of the 7th century to the end of 13. As for people talking about the Tang and Song Dynasties together. It should be because the three dynasties, especially the Tang and Song Dynasties, were relatively consistent in economy and culture. During most of their existence, the economy flourished, especially the commodity economy. Ci originated in the Tang Dynasty and developed to Song Zhen, which is a wonderful work in the history of China literature. "Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties" competed with each other, and the name of "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties" spread through the ages. These catchwords may also be the reason why people put the Tang and Song Dynasties together.