Liao Dynasty/Liaohe/Laoning Province/Liaoyuan/Taishi
The Qidan people who established the Liao Dynasty originated in the Yellow River (now Xilamulun River and Xiliaohe River) basin in the early Five Dynasties.
Stand up. In 907 (the first year of Kaiping, Hou Liang), Yelv Baoji replaced Yaodi as the master of Qidan, with eight parts.
In 9 16 (Liang Ernian), a country proclaimed itself emperor. The Khitans conquered the surrounding areas, Yun (Xixi),
Black car Shiwei, Nuzhen, Wugu, Shiwei, Tuguhun, Tangut, Tatar and Shatuo captured the camp.
State, Pingzhou, Liaodong (now Luanhe River and Liaohe River Basin), and in Tianzan five years (AD 926, later Tang Dynasty).
In the first month of the fourth year of Tongguang, Bohai was destroyed, and it was taken in the eleventh year of Tianxian (AD 936, the first year of later Jin Tianfu)
Sixteen counties became a great empire in northern China. The stable territory of Liao Dynasty,
It starts from Jinshan (now Altai Mountain) in the west, reaches the northern edge of the Mongolian Plateau and the outer Xing 'an Mountains in the north, and reaches Sakhalin Island (now) in the east.
Sakhalin Island), the western section of southern Xinjiang is connected with Xizhou Uighur and Xixia respectively according to the present Sino-Mongolian border.
The eastern part is bounded by today's Northern Song Dynasty in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Hebei. After Liao destroyed the Bohai Sea, it still belonged to Korea.
The northeast of Xi 'an Peninsula used to be a piece of land in Bohai, so the border between Liao and Korea is roughly in today's Korea.
Xing to the south bank of Yalu River estuary.
Like most Central Plains dynasties, Liao Dynasty also had different ways of jurisdiction. Its main part
Points, that is, the establishment of counties in agricultural areas dominated by Han people, is no different from the rule of Tang and Song Dynasties. in the west
Border towns were built in nomadic areas in the north, and military control was implemented, similar to the Duhu government in the Han and Tang Dynasties. To the northeast
Jurchen's rule in the Songhua River basin is similar to that of the Central Plains dynasty to ethnic minorities, only because of its poor development level.
There are similarities and differences: the "mature girl" class in Hexi is taxed, while the "born girl" class in Hedong is taxed.
Generally only "tribute" is accepted.
Mao Lu Ye Bao Ji chose the location of the capital city on the bank of the Wolf River (now the bank of Wulijilinlun River), the Book of the Gods, Volume III.
It was built in (AD 9 18) and is called the imperial capital (so it is located in the south of Zuo Qi, Bahrain, Inner Mongolia). Tian
In the third year (AD 938), it was changed to Beijing and Huang Lin. In the 25th year of Tonghe (AD 1007), it was under construction.
Jingda Dingfu (now Xidaming City, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia). The official capital of Liao has always been in Beijing, but in the later period.
The actual capital has moved to Beijing.
Xizhou Uighur
In the eastern Tianshan Mountains, today's Urumqi, Xinjiang, and the ancient city of Gaochang in Xizhou (now the east of Turpan) are
Capital, also known as Gaochang Uighur and Gaochang. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/2 century, the territory expanded to the Tarim River Basin, which is now Kuqa, Xinjiang.
Around here. Later, it became a vassal state of the Western Liao Dynasty, joined Mongolia in the early13rd century, and became a direct jurisdiction of the Yuan Dynasty in the middle.
Khotan
Khotan is an ancient country in the western regions. Since the Western Han Dynasty, it belongs to the Western Regions, and on the one hand, it is connected.
On the other hand, under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty, it continued to maintain the form of the country and internal rule. Therefore, in
When the Central Plains Dynasty was powerful and able to control the western regions, Khotan was the autonomous regime within the Central Plains Dynasty and the king.
Part of the territory of North Korea. For example, Pisha Prefecture in the Tang Dynasty is located in Khotan and belongs to Anxi Prefecture. In its
The capital is located in Kanzhen, one of the four towns in Anxi, and it was not abandoned until the sixth year of Zhenyuan (AD 790).
However, when the Central Dynasty was weak and unable to control the Western Regions, it became an independent regime. In the late Tang Dynasty,
Yu Kun has maintained this state since then.
The capital of Khotan has been in Khotan (now southwest of Hotan City, Xinjiang). At the beginning of the 20th century, the jurisdiction of 165438+ is about today.
Qiemo, Mohammad, shache and Pamir in Xinjiang. In the northern song dynasty, it was destroyed by the Uighur black Khan dynasty.
Black Khan (black Han, Kara Khan)
/kloc-at the end of 0/0, after the relocation of Groluxi in the Chu River basin, some Uighurs took advantage of it.
When the Assam dynasty collapsed, it gained the Hejian (between the Amu Darya River and the Syr Darya River) and established the Black Khan.
(Karakhan) Dynasty, Khan Pavilion (chief residence) was built in Bashazhou (now northern Kyrgyzstan).
On the south bank of the Chu River east of Kemak, Deputy Khan was stationed in Luoluo and Shule. 1 1 The territory of the century includes the present western Xinjiang.
It is located in Yining City, Tacheng City and Kashi City, in the middle reaches of Dargan Ata, A Mu, east of Xile.
East of the middle section of the river and south of Lake Balkhash. From about 104 1, black sweat splits into two kinds of sweat.
Donghan died out soon after Pr 1004. 1 140 is classified as west Liao.
XiXia
In the second year of Song Yongxi (A.D. 985), Li attacked Yinzhou and began to confront the Song Dynasty.
In the fifth year of Song Xianping (AD 1002), Lingzhou was captured, changed to xiping county, and the capital was established the following year. His son Li Deming.
After its establishment, it was established as the capital city in huaiyuan town (now Yinchuan, Ningxia) in the 4th year of Song Tianxi (AD 1020).
It's called Xingzhou. In the first year of Ming Dow in Song Dynasty (A.D. 1032), Li Deming died, Zi Yuanhao succeeded to the throne, and Xingzhou was still the capital.
It's called Xingqing Building. 1038 (the first year of Song Baoyuan) Yuan Hao was called Emperor Daxia, and Song was called Xixia.
The central area of Xixia is most of Ningxia today, in the second year of Song Jingyao (A.D. 1035, in the second year of Xixia Guang Yun)
After the regime of Cao Shi in Shazhou was destroyed in four years of Liao Dynasty, it occupied the Hexi Corridor. Then I repeated it with Song and Liao.
After the war, the territory of Xixia was basically stable, starting from the border between China and Mongolia in the north, reaching Qilian Mountain in the south and now Lanzhou, Gansu Province.
City, Jingyuan, Ningxia Tongxin, Shaanxi Jingbian, southwest of jia county, starting from the western border of Gansu in the west and reaching the territory in the east.
Mongolian Urad Middle Banner, Urad Houqi, Wuliangsuhai, Baotou West, Dongsheng City, Shenmu, Shaanxi,
Jia county west line within such a range. After Jin destroyed Liao and Northern Song Dynasty, Xixia was adjacent to Jin in the east and Jin in the north.
Mongolia is the boundary, which is roughly the same as the Liao Dynasty. At the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty, Xixia captured Hehuang area (now eastern Qinghai).
By the late Xixia period, its boundary had not changed much.
In the first year of Song Dynasty (A.D. 1205, the 12th year of Xixia Tianqing), it was invaded and plundered by Mongolian troops for the first time.
After the castle was restored, the capital Xingqing House was changed to Zhongxing House. Since then, he has been attacked by Mongolia, and Song Baoqing has been a male for three years.
1227, Xixia Baoyi was destroyed.
golden
1 1 14 (Song Zhenghe four years, Liao Tianqing four years), leader of Jurchen nationality in Liao Dynasty, Akuta, Hong Yan.
Based on the Yazi River (now a section of Songhua River west of Harbin), it began to fight against Liao. Proclaimed himself emperor the following year,
When the People's Republic of China was founded, its capital was Huining (now Acheng South of Heilongjiang). Tianhui three years (AD 1 125 years,
Liao Bao five years, Song Xuanhe seven years) destroyed Liao, Tianhui five years (Song Jingkang two years) destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty. Liao Jinmiao
After that, it acquired most of the territory, but never conquered the nomadic people on the Mongolian plateau. because
Even in its heyday, its western border only reached the northern section of Xing 'an Mountains, Chayu, Mongolia and Inner Mongolia.
The first line of Erenhot city. And with the growing strength of Mongolia, the border of gold has been retreating for eight years.
(A.D. 1208) successively retreated to Daxinganling, Dalainol, Zuo Qi, Su Nite and Suzhou, Inner Mongolia.
Nite Right Banner and Darhan Maoming Anlian River Banner. The "boundary ditch" built to defend Mongolia is even more here.
After the line.
The boundary between Jin and Xixia and Southern Song Dynasty has already been mentioned above. The border between Jin Dynasty and Liao Dynasty is roughly the same, but
Without Baoding and Dingzhou, the western end has been bounded by the Yalu River and no longer occupies a place in the south of the Yangtze River.
Yes
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty (A.D.1123-1134), Huining became the capital and was promoted to the government. The first year of Tian Juan (Gong)
Yuan 1 138) is called going to Beijing. In the first year of Zhenyuan (A.D. 1 153), he moved the capital to Yanjing (now Beijing) and changed the capital.
It's called Zhongdu Daxing House. In the second year of Zhenyou (A.D. 12 14), the capital moved to the south under the pressure of the Mongolian army's attack.
Beijing Kaifeng Prefecture (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province). In the last years of Jin Aizong, he fled to Cai Zhou (now Runan, Henan) and Tianxing.
In A.D. 1234, it was destroyed by the joint attack of Mongolia and Song Jun.