1999, the famous American magazine Time compiled and published 100 important figures in the 20th century.

Theodore? Roosevelt, Lenin and Franklin? Delano? Roosevelt, Adolf? Hitler, Mahatma Gandhi and Eleanor? Roosevelt, Winston? Churchill and Margaret? Sanger, Martin? Lu Se? Kim, Ho Chi Minh, David? Ben Gurion, Ruholla? Mousavi? Homer, Ronald? Reagan, John? Paul, Margaret Thatcher, Nelson? Mandela, Mikhail? Sergeyevich? Gorbachev, Lech? Walesa.

The Beatles, Louis? Armstrong, Lucile? Bauer and Malone? Brando, Coco? Chanel, Charlie? Chaplin, Le? Corbusier, Bob? Dylan Thomas. Stearns. Elliot, Aretha. Frank and Martha? Graham, Jim. Hansen.

James. Joyce, Pablo? Picasso Rogers Oscar? Hammerstein II, Bart? Simpson, Frank? Sinatra, Steven? Spielberg, Igor? Stravinsky, Oprah? Winfrey.

Bill Gates, Stephen bechtel, Leo Boehner, Willis Kelly, Walter Disney, Henry Ford, Amadi giani, ray kroc, Estee Lauder, William Levitt, Charlie Luciano, Louis Meyer, Charles Merrill Lynch, Akio Morita, Walter Luzer, Peter Rhodes.

Albert. Einstein and Leo? Baekeland, Tim? Berners? Lee and Rachel. Carson, Crick and Watson, Ferro? Enrico, farnsworth? Fermi, Alexander? Fleming, Sigmund? Freud, Robert? Goddard, Godel, Edwin? Hubble, John? Maynard Keynes.

Louis, Mary and Richard? Ricky, Piaget, Jonas? Shaq, William? Shockley, Allen? Turing, Wittgenstein, Wright brothers.

Marilyn? Monroe, Muhammad Ali, American soldier, Helen? Keller, Mother Teresa, Diana, Princess of Wales, Anne? Frank, Billy Graham, Che? Edmund Guevara? Hillary and Tenzin? Nogai, Kennedy family, Bruce Lee, Arnold? Schwarzenegger, Harvey? Milk, Emily? Pankster, Rosa? Pax Bailey, Andre? Sakharov, Jackie? Robinson, Bill? Wilson.

Be recognized as the first great man in the world.

Charles robert darwin is regarded as the first great man in the world. British biologist and founder of the theory of evolution. I once sailed around the world on the ship Beagle for five years, and made a lot of observations and collections on animals, plants and geological structures. He published the Origin of Species and put forward the theory of biological evolution, thus destroying all kinds of idealistic creationism and species invariance.

Darwin founded the theory of evolution.

183 1 After graduating from Cambridge University, his teacher Henslow recommended him as a "naturalist" to join the British Navy's "Beagle" on February 27th, 65438. First, I visited Brazil, Argentina and other places on the east coast of South America, the west coast and adjacent islands, then crossed the Pacific Ocean to Oceania, and then crossed the Indian Ocean to South Africa.

Then go around the Cape of Good Hope and return to Brazil via the Atlantic Ocean, and finally return to the UK on1October 2 1836. When he traveled around the world with the Beagle, he took several birds with him. In order to feed these birds, he planted a kind of grass called grass reed in the hut. It was dark in the cabin, and only the windows let in the sunlight. Darwin noticed that the grass seedlings curved towards the window.

However, in the following decades, Darwin was busy establishing the theory of evolution, and it was not until his later years that he began a series of experiments to study phototropism. These experimental results are summarized in the book Power of Plants published by 1880.

The population limit of the earth is 1300 trillion.

Question 1: How many people can the earth support at most? At the current level of productivity, the maximum is 1 1 100 million. But with the improvement of productivity and the development of new energy, there will be more people who can feed, and I don't know how many people will be there in the future.

Question 2: How many people can the earth support? Population growth will exceed the food supply that the earth can provide, and the population will be bound by sin and suffering. With the unprecedented growth of the world population after World War II, the population pessimism represented by Malthus also reached its peak. American population ecologist Paul? Eric published his blockbuster Bomber on 1968. Eric believes that the rapid growth and surplus of the world population has exceeded the carrying capacity of the earth's ecological environment, and predicts that there will be a large-scale famine and disaster in the world from 1970 to 1985, and India will never be self-sufficient. X0d But more than 30 years have passed, pessimist. India's total grain output also increased from 93 million tons at that time to 209 million tons last year. Cohen, an American demographer, published the most systematic, comprehensive and in-depth summary research monograph on the earth's carrying capacity in 1996. Cohen found that there are incredible differences in the views and conclusions of different scholars in the study of the earth's carrying capacity. These different viewpoints are supported by different calculation methods: the numbers obtained range from less than 1 billion to more than 1 trillion. Cohen concluded that it is impossible to predict the carrying capacity of the earth. Climate change, energy supply and demand and scientific and technological development are all factors that may affect the final result. The good news is that with the decline of female fertility rate, the global population growth rate slowed down in 2 1 century. "If we pay enough attention to it, the results of many things will change," said Dixon of the international organization Population Contact. Wang Liang.

Question 3: How many people do you think the earth can support? Please provide a justification for the answer. Maybe you think that the current population of 6.5 billion on the earth has overwhelmed the planet, but according to the calculation of an optimistic scientist, the maximum population that the earth can bear is 200,000 times the current population! As early as 1964, a British scientist claimed that as long as the heat obtained by the earth can keep in balance with the heat radiated by it, the earth will always be in a state suitable for human habitation. Not long ago, scientists used a more advanced thermodynamic model for calculation. Scientists assume that the heat emitted by each person is 120 watts. When the average temperature of the earth's surface rises too high, it will no longer be suitable for human habitation. According to the calculation, scientists finally announced that if the temperature of the earth is not too hot, the limit population that the earth can carry should be 1.3 trillion, which is 200,000 times the current population. But scientists say that this is only a theoretical figure, and it must be based on the premise that human beings can solve the food shortage through high-tech methods. Once the obstacle of "shortage of necessities for survival" is overcome, the largest population of the earth will reach 1300 trillion! By then, most people on earth will be crowded in skyscrapers with 2000 floors everywhere, living in an orderly way like prisoners and rarely seeing the sun again.

1996, American demographer Cohen published the most systematic, comprehensive and in-depth summary research monograph "How many people can the earth support". Cohen found that different scholars have incredible differences in their views and conclusions on the earth's carrying capacity. Cohen concluded that it is impossible to predict the carrying capacity of the earth. Climate change, energy supply and demand and scientific and technological development are all factors that may affect the final result.

Calculate the limit of population on the earth by scientific method

However, at present, many scientists still believe that the carrying capacity of the earth can be calculated by scientific methods. For example, ecologists calculate the limit of how many people the earth can support according to the amount of food the biosphere can provide. Ecologists point out that human beings mainly live by eating plants, although they also eat meat, but the animals they eat live by eating plants, so human beings are actually eating plants indirectly. A person needs to get 2200 calories from plants every day to maintain normal survival. It is estimated that the earth can support 800 billion people. However, experts also pointed out that it is impossible to turn all plants on the earth into food for human consumption. Many plants are not needed at all, and some have to feed other animals. The surplus energy that humans can enjoy actually accounts for only 1% of the total plant output. So the largest population on earth is not 800 billion, but only 8 billion. Of course, mankind will make every effort to increase food. However, if the world population continues to grow at the current rate, no advanced science and technology can avoid the threat of hunger, and the pressure of food shortage is bound to increase day by day. People have to worry about it.

If the resources on the earth can support 1 0 billion people 100 years, or 8 billion people for 300 years, assuming that the growth rate of newly generated resources on the earth is certain, in order to make human beings have the potential for sustainable development, then the earth can support less than10 billion people at most? We can calculate that there are two kinds of resources: renewable and non-renewable. The total amount of non-renewable resources is fixed, set as X, and renewable resources are essentially irradiated by the sun, so the amount added each year is fixed, set as Y, and the per capita annual resource consumption is set as 1. According to the meaning of the question: 1000 billion x100 = x+100y; 8 billion x 300 = x+300 y; Solution: x = 300 billion, y = 70 billion. 7 billion/1= 7 billion. If the annual consumption is equal to the increase, X will never decrease, and resources can be used forever, so it is enough for 7 billion people. According to the above two algorithms, according to the current level of science and technology, the limit of the number of people that can be accommodated on the earth is 7 billion to 8 billion.

Question 4: How many people can the earth support? Some people think that at the current level of productivity, the maximum value is 1, 654,38+0 billion. But with the improvement of productivity and the development of new energy, there should be more people who can feed.

Question 5: How many people can the earth support? What does 7 billion people mean to the earth? The United Nations predicts that the global population will welcome the 7 billionth member today. The Secretary-General of the United Nations said he was "unhappy"

According to the rate of more than two newborns born every second, the United Nations predicts that the global population will welcome its 7 billionth member on June 3rd1. The United Nations claims that its statistical method is the "gold standard". Of course, there are always questions: some people estimate that the 7 billionth person came out a few weeks ago, while others infer that it will be several months before he can see this person. In fact, the 7 billionth person is just a concept, or a symbol. But the appearance of symbols is always an opportunity for thinking.

■ The error of golden algorithm is half a year.

The United Nations Population Division estimates that the 7 billionth person will be born on June 3 1 day, and by the way, it is estimated that the 8 billionth person will appear on June 5, 2025, and the10 billionth person will appear before June 2 100.

Although it boasts that its demographic algorithm is the "gold standard", the United Nations Population Division admits that there is still an error of less than 1% in this statistical method. Agence France-Presse commented that this small error, under the influence of the large base, can advance or lag the birth time of the 7 billionth population by half a year. No wonder the Population Division added such a sentence in the website statement: "Who knows the real situation".

There are always many different views on this topic that cannot be accurately calculated: the World Demography Department of the Census Bureau of the US Department of Commerce announced that the 7 billionth person on earth will not be seen until next April; The Population Reference Bureau, a Washington-based non-governmental organization, said that this amazing earthman appeared in a corner of the earth a few weeks ago.

■ Blowing the horn is thought-provoking.

No one is more real than the moment when the 7 billionth person was born.

According to the estimated time of the United Nations, many countries began to prepare for the "7 billion babies" in their own delivery rooms on 10 and 3 1, and some countries are preparing to hold * * * activities to commemorate this population mark day.

Zambia is collecting a song for the 7 billionth baby; Vietnam is planning a concert called "7 billion: interdependence"; Russia is going to give a gift to the 7 billionth baby.

As for UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, he is not going to hug the baby, because he says the baby's birthday is an unhappy day. He told Time magazine that the baby, whether male or female, no matter where he was born, "he will be born in a contradictory world". The so-called contradictory world is that "there is enough food, but 654.38 billion people sleep hungry every day"; Many people live in luxury, but many people are still struggling under the poverty line.

Therefore, 65438+1October 3 1 may just be a day to "blow the horn" and think about human survival and development.

■ Don't take pictures if you are unlucky.

65438+1October 3 1 will be the baby of the 7 billionth person, perhaps lucky, because he will get a lot of attention from the spotlight, but maybe that's all.

As early as 1999 10 12 10, then UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan designated a baby born in Bosnia and Herzegovina as the 6 billionth person in the world. "6 billion baby" is now 12 years old, and the outside world no longer cares. In addition to Annan holding his picture in the hospital and hanging it on the wall at home, it can be regarded as a blessing. His real world is far from lucky. He has been living in the slums of Sarajevo since 12.

This year, the United Nations is no longer prepared to "designate" "7 billion babies", nor will it allow Ban Ki-moon to take pictures with babies in his arms. Ban Ki-moon said in a speech at a school in new york a few days ago: "Seven billion people mean more food, more energy, more employment and education opportunities, more rights and more freedom for them to reproduce and raise their offspring."

The concept of 7 billion is, "what each of you wants is multiplied by 7 billion times."

■ Text/Ling Shuo

Question 6: How many people can the earth support? Look at your resource utilization efficiency. It is said that 654.38+06 billion people have moved inside the moon, so the earth can bear 50-654.38+00 billion people. The key is to release free energy, share civilization and not split civilization.

The 8 billionth person in the world

The 8 billionth inhabitant of the world is about to be born! This data not only means that the population of our world has reached a new high, but also means that the food pressure in the world will be further aggravated.

1. The 8 billionth inhabitant of the world will be born soon! ?

According to the statistics of an institution, the 8 billionth inhabitant of the world will be born soon. What needs to be known is that at the end of the 20th century, the earth has welcomed the 6 billionth resident, and the global population has increased by 2 billion in just 20 years. Because the current population data is really terrible, which has caused many people to panic, but more people want to interpret this set of data in detail, and everyone wants to know what it means behind this data. Here's a brief explanation.

Secondly, it means a record high population.

According to the current data, we can find that the number of global population growth has reached a new high, and with the arrival of 8 billion residents, perhaps the subsequent population growth rate will only be faster and faster. More importantly, the rapid growth and large increase of population are related to the growth of medical conditions. With the improvement of the medical level in the world, the current population mortality rate is further reduced. Maybe we can see 9 1 residents in the future. Population growth is both good and bad.

Third, this means that the food pressure is further increased.

In fact, with the further record population, the world food pressure will eventually increase further. In the current environment, in fact, the food supply in all countries is seriously insufficient. What needs more attention is that some populous countries have already experienced food shortages. With the further increase of the world population, the pressure of food supply in various countries will further increase. At present, the international situation is developing in instability. If the food pressure increases further, some new changes may occur, and we can wait and see.