Before that, it was Japan, which created an almost miraculous economy in the 80 years since the Meiji Restoration. However, after being destroyed by the atomic bomb in World War II, the arrogant Japan once developed from almost zero to the second largest economy in 20 years.
Japan was the United States before.
Before America, it was Holland.
The Netherlands used to be Germany (Germany became a military country after national reunification, as evidenced by the two world wars).
Germany used to be Britain.
Britain was Spain before (mainly because Columbus discovered the New World).
Spain used to be Portugal (maritime overlord)
..... History is too long to get tired.