Zhuang Culture: What kind of history, culture and art does the Zhuang nationality have?
On the basis of concentrating folk literature, music, dance and skills, the Zhuang people created Zhuang drama. Tonggu is the most representative folk musical instrument of Zhuang nationality. Zhuang brocade is a unique brocade art handed down by Zhuang people, which has a history of 1000 years. It is called "Four Famous Brocade in China" together with Yunjin in Nanjing, Jin Shu in Chengdu and Jin Song in Suzhou. Zhuang people are good at singing, and Zhuang folk songs have different names such as "Huan", "Xi", "Jia", "Bi" and "Lun" because of different dialects in the north and south. Zhuang people hold regular folk song fairs, the most grand of which is the Dashan Song Fair attended by more than 10,000 people on the third day of the third lunar month. Youjiang area is called "Huan", Zuojiang area is called "Poetry", and northern Guangxi area is called "Bi" and "Huan", all of which mean singing folk songs. There is a regular folk song called Gewei. The date of the concert varies from place to place. The third day of the third lunar month is the most grand. More than 10,000 people attended the Dashan Song Festival. The content includes songs, begging songs, passionate songs, antithetical songs, polite songs, pushing songs, disc songs, changing songs, parting songs, love songs, farewell songs and so on. Liu Sanjie, known as the "singing fairy", is a typical representative of a singer. The ancient songs of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi go to the market and hydrangea have been passed down to this day. The earliest record of hydrangea can be found in Huashan murals in Ningming. At that time, it was a spherical bronze weapon, which was thrown out to smash prey when hunting. This is why Zhuang hydrangea is called flying camel (camel) in ancient books. During the concert, there will also be recreational activities such as throwing hydrangeas and "touching eggs" between men and women. During this period, families eat five-color glutinous rice. Wenshan, Yunnan also sang Zhuang opera and held a material exchange meeting. In the past, the Zhuang people planted rice once a year (that is, one season), and the third day of March was the time to prepare for farming. Ge Wei is making material and spiritual preparations for spring ploughing. Eating five-colored rice and five-colored eggs means wishing the grain a bumper harvest. In ancient Zhuang language, there were dances of Zhuang nationality in the Tang Dynasty, such as rice as the content, accompanied by percussion dance. In the Song Dynasty, there were pole dancing, tea dancing, shrimp fishing dancing and spring cattle dancing. The male dance is vigorous and powerful, and the female dance is graceful. This dance has been passed down to this day. Under the influence of Han drama, drama began to appear in Zhuang nationality around the Qing Dynasty. One is Zhuang drama, teacher drama and puppet show sung in Zhuang language; The other is a musical featuring folk songs and dances. Zhuang Opera is divided into "Northern Zhuang Opera" popular in Tianlin, Xilin and Baise. Under the influence of Yunnan opera, it was formed on the basis of folk rap art "bench play" and absorbed the singing of Yunnan opera. Accompaniment instruments include Ma Guhu, Huluhu and Muye of Zhuang nationality and flute, sanxian and erhu of Han nationality. Gexu Gexu is popular in Zhuang areas. The market period varies from place to place, but it is generally the most prosperous in spring and autumn. Spring is a period of time after the Spring Festival, which is the fourth day of the first month or the seventh day of the first month, February 19th, March 3rd, March 16th, etc. Autumn is a period after the Mid-Autumn Festival, such as August 15th or September 9th and October 10th. In addition, there are irregular song concerts, which are frequent and common. Legend has it that a long time ago, the daughter of an old Zhuang singer was very beautiful and good at singing folk songs. Young men from far and near wanted to propose to her, so the old singer proposed to choose a spouse. Young singers from all over the world come to participate in song competitions in order to be selected by old singers and girls. Since then, a regular song contest party-Gewei has been formed. Regular song concerts are usually held three or two times a year, with tens of thousands of people attending the big ones and one or two thousand people attending the small ones.