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What are the four famous eunuchs in the history of China?
I. Cai Lun

Cai Lun Yongping entered the palace as a eunuch in the last years (75).

He has successively served as Xiaohuangmen, Zhong Servant, Shang Fangling and Changle Servant.

In the first year of Yuan Dynasty (1 14), Andi named it Longtinghou (the fief was in Puzhen, Long Ting, Yang County, Shaanxi Province), with 300 food cities.

Cai Lun is honest and prudent, and cares about national interests. He once "severely punished several offenders" and changed the situation.

Diligent and studious, concentrate on things.

Queen Dou's sword and other items were also designed and supervised by her. "It is the law of later generations."

In the 4th year of Yongyuan (1992), Cai Lun took advantage of being an official and often visited rural workshops. When he saw the silkworm woman reeling, there was still a layer of short hair on the bamboo pole, which could be used to write, thus being inspired. He collects raw materials such as bark, waste hemp, rags and old fishing nets.

In the first year of Yuan Xing (105), he wrote the paper-making process and method as a memorial, and reported it to Han and Emperor together with plant fiber paper, which was greatly praised by him, and Cai Lun's paper-making technology soon spread.

People call this kind of paper "Cai Hou Paper", and all over the country "do whatever it takes".

Cai Lun's invention became one of four great inventions of ancient china and made great contributions to human civilization.

Among the 100 celebrities who influenced the course of human history, American Mack hart ranked Cai Lun seventh.

The opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games showed the papermaking invented by Cai Lun.

Second, Zheng He.

Zheng He was born in Yunnan, nicknamed Sambo.

Zheng He, whose real name is Ma, was born in Daicun Village, Baoxing Mountain, Kunyang District, Yunnan Province (now Jinning County, Kunming City). He was born in Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (137 1).

Zheng He's predecessor was the Bukhara people in the Western Regions, that is, the Semu people in the Yuan Dynasty.

Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu overthrew the Southern Song Dynasty and established the Yuan Dynasty.

1253, the Yuan army captured Dali in Yunnan and conquered the local ethnic groups. 1276 established Yunnan Province and sent Sayyid Shams Din 'Umar Umar, the predecessor of Zheng He, to rule Yunnan.

Sayyid Shams Din 'Umar Umar is translated as * * *, "Saidianchi" is the title of nobility, "Shansiding" means the sun of religion, and "Umar" is its real name, which means longevity.

Sayyid Shams Din 'Umar Umar won the hearts of the people because of his outstanding achievements in governing Yunnan. After his death, he was named "King of Xianyang" by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu.

Zheng He's great-grandfather Bai Yan is the eldest son of Umar, the fifth son of Sayyid Shams Din 'Umar.

Later, Zheng He's grandfather changed his mother's surname to Ma.

In the eighth year of Xuande (1433), Zheng He died in Guri on the west coast of India. Bury Niushou Mountain in Nanjing.

Zheng He took Ma, the eldest son of his eldest brother, as his official residence. His name is Zheng Wenming, and his word is Enlai. He lives in Mafu, Sanshan Street (now Mafu Street) in Nanjing.

The descendants of Zheng He have been handed down for 2 1 generation.

Because of his belief in * * * religion, Zheng He began to learn the teachings and canon of * * * religion when he was young.

Zheng He's father and grandfather have been to Mecca, the holy land of religion, and are familiar with the situation in distant foreign countries and overseas countries. When Zheng He was sailing, he personally sent a fleet to Mecca for pilgrimage.

From the conversation between his father and grandfather, young Zheng He has always been full of strong curiosity about the outside world. His father's upright, generous and unrequited character left an indelible memory in Zheng He's mind.

After the Ming Dynasty unified Yunnan War, Zheng He was taken to Nanjing, castrated, assigned to Beiping as a eunuch, and served in Yanwangfu.

Third, Dong Haichuan.

Dong Haichuan (about1813-1882) is the founder of Baguazhang, which is one of the most important martial arts schools in China.

My ancestral home is Hongdong, Shanxi, and I live in Zhujiajiao, south of Wen 'an, Hebei. He spent four years in Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1865) and became a eunuch in the Qing Dynasty for the first time. Xuan was transferred to Suwangfu as the leader of Qipin because of his hatred of evil and heroism, which aroused the suspicion of his colleagues.

In the 13th year of Tongzhi (1874), Dong Haichuan resigned and lived in a disciple's home as an apprentice. Dong Haichuan died in the winter of the eighth year of Guangxu reign (1882).

Fourth, Sima Qian

Sima Qian is a great historian in the history of China. "He was imprisoned for his outspoken advice, but he was even more angry because of it. His Historical Records, a famous historian at all times and at all times, left a valuable cultural heritage for the people of China and the people of the world.

One, stepfather, is a historian.

Sima Qian, born in five years (BC 145) at the foot of Longmen Mountain (now Hancheng County, Shaanxi Province), was born in the Han Dynasty.

In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Sima Qian inherited his father Sima Tan's legacy and became an official, and began to sort out and select historical classics from the Royal Library.

Sima Qian's ancestors were not very prominent, and the family was in charge of Taishi's position for generations.

But Sima Qian and his father were proud of it. In their minds, compiling history is a lofty cause.

They devoted their lives to it.

Sima Qian has been preparing to write a history book that runs through ancient and modern times.

Under the direct guidance of his father, Sima Qian began to learn ancient Chinese at the age of ten.

Later, I studied Chunqiu from Dong Zhongshu and Shangshu from Kong Anguo.

Sima Qian studied hard, made rapid progress and was full of learning spirit.