English name: Blue Ringed Octopus

Scientific name: Hapalochlaen maculosa

The blue-ringed octopus is a very small octopus species, and its wingspan does not exceed 15 cm. Can feed small fish, crabs, shrimps and crustaceans, and paralyze prey with a strong toxin (tetrodotoxin). In the ocean, the blue-ringed octopus is one of the highly toxic creatures, and being bitten by this small octopus will lead to death. But this octopus will not take the initiative to attack humans unless it is greatly threatened. [Edit this paragraph] Introduction Blue-ringed octopus and puffer fish are completely different species, but both of them can produce tetrodotoxin, and blue-ringed octopus is the only organism known to produce tetrodotoxin except puffer fish. The blue-ringed octopus is very toxic, and being bitten can be fatal. Fishermen at sea need to be careful

Tetrodotoxin has a slight paralyzing effect on the central nervous system and nerve endings, and its toxicity is 1000 times higher than that of sodium cyanide, and it can be poisoned to death at 0.5mg. Tetrodotoxin is toxic and stable, and it can't be destroyed by heating or pickling.

The blue-ringed octopus can kill a person with one bite, and it's hopeless. The blue-ringed octopus living in the Pacific Ocean has beautiful blue links on its wrists and feet. When it is in danger, the dark rings on its body and claws will emit dazzling blue light and send warning signals to each other. Its sharp mouth can penetrate the diver's diving suit and emit toxic ink, which is enough to kill an adult in a few minutes. What's even more frightening is that at present, humans can't dissolve the toxins in the blue-ringed octopus.

The octopus with blue ring spots in Australia is the most harmful to people. The venom of an octopus is enough to kill 10 people, and in severe cases, it will die within a few minutes after being bitten, but there is no effective antimycin to prevent it. Octopus venom can prevent blood coagulation, make the wound bleed a lot and have a tingling sensation. Finally, the whole body has a fever and it is difficult to breathe. Severe cases will die, and mild cases will take three or four weeks to recover. [Edit this paragraph] There are more than 100 species of octopus in history, some of which are toxic and harmful to people. Octopus's jaw is like a parrot's beak. It bites with great strength and can bite the food caught by the wrist. When it bites the target, it injects venom into the wound of the prey through the salivary gland. It is reported that there are many cases of death caused by octopus bites. One of them is in Australia. A diver caught a small blue-ringed octopus, only 20 cm in size. He thinks it's interesting. He let it climb from arm to shoulder, and finally climbed to the back of his neck, where he stayed for a few minutes. For some unknown reason, he bit the diver's neck and bled profusely. Within minutes, the victim felt sick and died two hours later.

Tetrodotoxin has paralyzing effect on central nervous system and nerve endings, and its toxicity is 1000 times higher than that of sodium cyanide, and it can be poisoned to death at 0.5mg. Tetrodotoxin is toxic and stable, and it can't be destroyed by heating or pickling. [Edit this paragraph] Living habits The blue-ringed octopus and the box jellyfish are the two most poisonous marine creatures, and their venom can kill people in a few minutes. There is still no way to detoxify in medicine at present. The blue-ringed octopus is shy by nature, likes to hide under rocks, and only comes out for activities and foraging at night.

In the Pacific Ocean between Japan and Australia, blue-ringed octopus can be seen everywhere. They live on shrimps, crabs and injured fish. Its body is only the size of a golf ball, and its surface is yellowish brown, so it is easy to hide in the surrounding environment. Although this octopus is small in size, it secretes enough venom to kill people in one bite. Because there is no antidote at present, it is the most poisonous marine life known. [Edit this paragraph] Survival after biting Although the blue-ringed octopus is not a very aggressive animal, it will attack after being provoked, and most attacks on humans will only happen when the blue-ringed octopus is lifted from the water or stepped on. When provoked, this octopus will appear blue rings or stripes. Under its beautiful appearance, it is in danger of death when touched. This octopus can inject a toxin that paralyzes nerves and muscles, and it can kill people in an instant. The injured must continue to breathe first aid until they are sent to a hospital that can provide artificial respiration. Artificial respiration should last for about 24 hours to ensure that all toxins are excreted. [Edit this paragraph] The poisonous blue-ringed octopus is only the size of a golf ball, but its violent toxicity can kill many adults, and there is no antidote at present.

The toxins secreted by the blue-ringed octopus include tetrodotoxin, serotonin, hyaluronidase, amino acids, histamine, tryptamine, hydroxyaniline, taurine, acetylcholine and dopamine. The main poison of Shenjing used to be a substance called cantharidin, but now it has been proved to be tetrodotoxin. This toxin can also be found in puffer fish and conus. Tetrodotoxin can block sodium channels in muscles, paralyze muscles and lead to respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest. The tetrodotoxin of the blue-ringed octopus is made by a bacterium in the saliva line.

The first aid for being bitten by the blue-ringed octopus is to hold down the wound and give artificial respiration. The first aid of artificial respiration must last until the injured person can resume breathing on his own; This usually takes several hours. Even in the hospital, breathing and heartbeat can only be maintained until the toxin concentration is reduced due to body metabolism. Because of the small size, the child's symptoms will be the most serious when bitten. If artificial respiration is given before cyanosis and hypotension appear, the injured person may save his life. Most of the injured who survived for 24 hours can fully recover. Even if the injured person does not respond, he should be given circulatory assistance immediately and throughout the whole process; Because tetrodotoxin paralyzes muscles, the injured person can't breathe or react even if he is conscious.

The blue-ringed octopus is one of the most poisonous animals known. Another cephalopod, the fire squid, can also produce toxins similar to those of the blue-ringed octopus. Despite its small size, the blue-ringed octopus carries enough toxins to kill 26 adult octopus at a time in a few minutes.

The toxicity of the blue-ringed octopus can be seen from its own color. Its skin contains color cells that can change color at will. By shrinking or stretching, changing the size of cells with different colors, the overall appearance of the blue-ringed octopus will change. Therefore, when the blue-ringed octopus moves in different environments, it can use the same protective color as the environmental color. If threatened, their blue rings will flash, hence the name "blue-ring octopus". The cells on these blue rings are densely covered with bright colored crystals formed by reflected light. The blue-ringed octopus uses these unique rings to warn other creatures that it has deadly weapons.

The blue-ringed octopus is a highly toxic creature, and it is listed as one of the "top ten most poisonous animals in the world". It contains enough toxins to kill all 26 adults in half an hour! But this octopus will not take the initiative to attack humans unless it is greatly threatened.

The toxin of the blue-ringed octopus is a highly toxic neurotoxin, which is very fatal to creatures with nervous system, including us. When creatures are attacked by octopus, toxins will interfere with the nervous system of the target body, leading to nervous system disorder, which is often fatal. When toxins are injected into organisms, toxic molecules will spread rapidly, and toxins will destroy the life system of organisms. Every toxic molecule is looking for the connection between nerve cells in the organism, where they will intercept the specific chemical branch that directs limb movements to transmit information, and the nervous system will be destroyed, and the whole nervous system of the attacked object will be paralyzed. Although still alive, it has been unable to resist and is at the mercy of the blue-ringed octopus. In the human body, the toxin of the blue-ringed octopus invades all the muscles dominated by the human brain. Although the attacker was conscious, he could not communicate and could not breathe. Without artificial respiration, he will gradually suffocate.

The toxin of the blue-ringed octopus exists in its salivary gland, however, its toxin is not secreted by the base itself, but caused by virus particles existing in the salivary gland. Virus particles cannot survive independently in nature. They are parasitic in the salivary glands of octopus. When octopus attacks other organisms, virus particles enter the organism and play its mechanism and toxic role.

The nerve cells of the blue-ringed octopus have differentiated-they are like telephone lines, forming a network, quickly transmitting information to any part of the body, and electric pulses are transmitted along the nerve cells until they reach the contact point with another cell. Then a specific chemical substance is produced, which jumps over the gap between the two cells, and the cell on the other side accepts the chemical substance and generates a new electric pulse to carry it. What happens at these joints is very important for the brain to transmit information back to the muscles. Supplementary answer: The blue-ringed octopus can kill a person with one bite. The blue-ringed octopus living in the Pacific Ocean has beautiful blue links on its wrists and feet. When it is in danger, the dark rings on its body and claws will emit dazzling blue light and send warning signals to each other. Its sharp mouth can penetrate the diver's diving suit and emit toxic ink, which is enough to kill an adult in a few minutes.