The capital was in Bo when the Shang Dynasty was established, but it was frequently moved due to river disasters and wars. It was not until Pan Geng moved the capital to Yin that the capital stabilized. The capitals of Shang Dynasty are Bo, Tao, Xiang, Geng, Bi, Xuan and Yin. Among them, Yin Ruins is the first historical document in China, which has been confirmed by archaeology and Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

Shang Tang, the monarch of Xia-Shang Dynasty, led the Shang Dynasty to destroy Xia Hou in the Ming-Tiao War, and established the Shang Dynasty in Bohai. After that, the capital of Shang Dynasty moved frequently, and it was not until its descendant Pan Geng moved to Yin that it was established in Yin for 273 years. Therefore, Shang Dynasty was called Yin or Yin Shang by later generations.

Businessmen frequently moved the capital, mostly because of river disasters and wars. Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty said in "Xijing Fu": "Yin people moved repeatedly, and the first eight were followed by five". The so-called "pre-Shang" refers to the period when the ancestor of the Shang Dynasty moved the capital to Bo to prepare for the summer, also known as the "pre-Shang" period. * * * For more than 400 years, the Shang State moved its capital eight times during this period.

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Shang Dynasty is the second dynasty in the history of China, also known as Yin Shang, and it is the first dynasty with direct written records of the same period in China. The Shang Dynasty experienced three main stages.

Shang clan, the ancestor of Shang, is a tribe rising in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. According to legend, its ancestor Qi was contemporary with Yu. Founded in 273, the Shang Dynasty was called Yin or Yin Shang by later generations. After Pan Geng's death, his younger brother Xiao Xin succeeded to the throne. After Xiao Yi's death, his son Wu Ding succeeded him. The fifty years of Wu Ding's rule was the most prosperous period of Shang Dynasty. Di Xin, the last monarch of Shang Dynasty, set himself on fire after being defeated by Zhou Wuwang in the battle of Makino.