Ailian said.
Zhou dunyi
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, peonies have been loved all over the world. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous.
Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages!
14. Explain the meaning of the following words. (5 points)
(1) Lovely people are hard to come by: (2) Clear ripples without demons;
(3) Long fragrance: (4) Elegant planting:
(5) Suitable for everyone:
15.(4 points)
(1) goes straight outside, without creeping.
(2) The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard of by Taohou.
16. Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums. What is the reason why the world loves peonies? Please answer with the sentences in the text. (2 points)
17. How to understand "Who gave love to the lotus?" (4 points)
Three (15)
14.( 1) is more complicated. (2) washing (3) more and more. (4) "Planting" is "straight" and vertical. (5) Of course (5 points, every 1 point, meaning right)
15( 1) Its stem runs through the middle, with a straight shape and no branches or branches.
(2) The love for chrysanthemums was rarely heard by Tao Yuanming after that. (4 points, 2 points each, correct meaning)
Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums because flowers are hermits.
The reason why the world "loves peony": those who spend more also (2 points)
17. Example 1: This is a rhetorical question. Expressed infinite feelings with a few close friends. On the one hand, it took care of the above-mentioned "love lotus", on the other hand, it also revealed a sigh about the world of life, lamenting that there were very few people with the same interests as the author at that time, and even fewer people could achieve noble conduct.
Example 2: It not only clearly shows the author's love for lotus, but also expresses the author's aversion to pursuing fame and fortune and his attitude of not colluding with the secular world. (4 points)
2. Is there any extracurricular classical Chinese training and solution in junior high school? It's usually expensive to find them in the junior high school part of the bookstore. I am a high school student now. According to my experience in junior high school, there is no need to learn classical Chinese in junior high school too deeply. My junior high school teacher said that you only need to understand the meaning of the words "keywords" and sentences in classical Chinese. You don't need to study them specifically. If you really want to train, you can buy one or two books to read. In the classical Chinese I have studied, it is probably about the author's patriotic feelings, swearing to defend the country and defending the country, unpaid ambitions and so on. There is also the author's autobiography or some historical events, such as: Arrow Borrowing Grass Boat, Empty City Plan, Biography of Lin Xiangru and Lian Po and so on. It is to grasp the character, emotion and quality of the main characters in the article. Wait a minute. I think junior high school mainly trains reading (modern Chinese). When you get to high school, you have to train for everything. You'd better ask your teacher for more information. The teacher's opinion is still good. Ask the teacher what kind of materials to buy. Well, that's my answer.
3. Shanghai 20 14 Chinese entrance examination classical Chinese Click on the original text Born in Worry and Died in Happiness (1) Mencius said: "Shun Fa is in mu (2), Fu Shuo is in the building (3), glue is in fish salt (4), and Guan Yiwu is in scholar (5).
Therefore, if God wants to send (8) people to Sri Lanka (9) and (10), he must first suffer from his mind (1 1), strain his bones and muscles (12), starve his body and skin (13), and exhaust his physique. People have passed (19) before they can change.
Trapped in the heart (20), balanced by consideration (2 1), and then made (22); Color (23), sound (24), and then metaphor (25). If you go in, you can't go home (26), if you go out, there will be no foreign invasion (27), and the country will die forever.
Then knowledge is born of worry and dies of happiness (28). (1) Notes are selected from Mencius under the High Attitude (Notes on Thirteen Classics, Zhonghua Book Company, 1980 edition).
The title was added by the editor. Mencius (372 BC-289 BC), whose real name is Ke, is Zi (to be tested, Zi or Zi Ju).
During the Warring States Period, Zou Guoren was a descendant of Lu Guoqing's father. China was a famous thinker, politician and educator in ancient times, and a representative of Confucianism in the Warring States Period.
He is the author of Mencius. Mencius inherited and carried forward Confucius' thoughts and became a generation of Confucian masters second only to Confucius. He is called "the sage of Asia" and is also called "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius.
(2) Shun (shùn) was born in an acre of land (n): Shun used to work as a farmer in Lishan, and was used by Yao at the age of 30, and later became Yao's heir. Shun, the legendary ancient emperor.
From, from, refers to being appointed. Mu, Tian, Tian.
(3) Between the buildings is a photo of (yuè): He once built a wall for others, and because he took Fu as his surname, Wu Ding of Yin took it as a photo. Promotion, appointment and selection, here refers to being selected.
When building boards and walls, put the soil between two splints and tamp it with a pestle. A pestle used to build and tamp soil.
(4) Pueraria lobata is one of the fish salts: Pueraria lobata originally sold fish salts, and Xibo (Zhou Wenwang) recommended it to him. Later, he assisted Zhou Wuwang.
(5) Introduction-Wu Weishi: Guan Zhong, whose real name is Yi Wu, was originally the son of Qi and nine ministers. Xiao Bai (Qi Huangong), the son of Qi State, and Gong Zijiu competed for the throne, but the rectification failed. Guan Zhong was sent back to China as a sinner, and Qi Huangong knew that he was talented, which was his appearance. Sergeant, prison officer.
He was released from prison officials and appointed. (6) Sun Shuai cited Yu Hai: Sun Shuai, a native of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, lived in seclusion on the seashore. Chu Zhuangwang knew that he was very talented, so he married her.
(7) Bailixi entered the city: Bailixi was a doctor in Guo Yu during the Spring and Autumn Period. After Wu Yu was captured, he went from Jin to Qin and fled to Chu.
Later, Qin Mugong redeemed him with five sheepskins and made him a doctor. So it is in the city (market).
(8) Ren: Responsibility, mission. Yes, it is.
(10) There are also modal particles, which are used at the end of the first half of the sentence to indicate a pause, and the second half will explain. (1 1) torment his mind: make his mind miserable.
Attention, attention. (12) Exercise his bones and muscles: make his bones and muscles (body) tired.
(13) starve his body and skin: it means to make him suffer from hunger. (14) Lack of resources.
Here is a verb that makes him suffer from poverty. (15) Hangfu screwed up what he did: let him screw up.
Ok, it refers to every behavior and everything. Flirting, aggression.
Excuse me, excuse me. What he does means what he does.
(16) So: use these ... (17) Patience: disturb his heart and strengthen his character. Move, disturb, impact.
Endurance, toughness. (18) What Yico Zeng can't do: increase the abilities that he doesn't have.
Once, through "increase", increase. What you can't do refers to the ability that you didn't have before.
Ceng Yi: Increase. (19) Constantly crossing: often making mistakes.
No change, no change. Fault, mistake, miss, here means fault.
(20) trapped in the heart: inner distress. Trapped, stumped.
Yu, yes. (2 1) Balance under consideration: thinking about blocking.
Balance, "horizontal", infarction, refers to obstruction. (22) Later: Then we can rise.
Work: Stand up and make a difference. (23) color sign: manifested in the face.
It means haggard and haggard, which is shown on the face. Sign up, sign up, it means performance here, performance.
Color, face. (24) from the sound: it means that the sigh comes from the sound.
(25) After metaphor: (See his face and smell his voice) Then people know him. Yu, understand, understand.
(26) If you enter, you can't get home (through "finish"). Scholar: There is no minister who sticks to the statutes, and there is no wise man who can assist the king. Cheng: Inside, it means in China.
Legalist, law-abiding minister. Brush (bi), pass "Bi", and assist.
(27) Foreign patients are invincible: if there are no comparable countries and foreign countries abroad, they will suffer. Out: Outside means abroad.
Enemy country, a country with equal strength and status. (28) Then you know that you were born in sorrow and died in happiness. You know that you can live by worrying, or you can die by indulging in happiness.
Born of worry: worry makes people seek survival. Die of ease: ease and pleasure kill people.
Shun was appointed from other places, selected from plasterers who built walls, glue was used from fish and salt vendors, Guan Zhong was released from prison officials and hired as a photograph, Sun Shuai entered the DPRK from a secluded seaside, and Prissy was photographed from the street. Therefore, God wants to give such people a great mission. He must first make his heart ache, make his bones and muscles tired, make him suffer from hunger, make him lack resources, make him unable to do things well, and disturb his heart, strengthen his character and increase his abilities that he does not have.
A person often makes mistakes in order to correct them later; If you are upset and your thoughts are blocked, you can make a difference; A person's thoughts can only be understood if they are revealed on his face and expressed by chanting and sighing. There are no wise men who insist on statutes to assist kings at home, and there are no comparable countries and foreign invasion abroad, and countries often perish.
In this way, people will understand that sadness and pain make people live and develop, while ease and enjoyment make people haggard and die. The Chinese version (suitable for students) was used by Yao Cong in the field, selected from the work of building walls, the glue was pulled out from the people who sold fish and salt, Guan Yiwu was released from the prison officer for use, Sun Shuaio was selected from the secluded seaside for use, and Prissy was redeemed from the slave market for use.
So god will put a great responsibility on such people, so it must be.
4. Ancient Chinese reading training, answer the first of the four articles: the tiger seeks the beasts and eats them, so it can get the picture.
The fox said, "Zi (you) dare not eat me! It's against God's will to let me grow all kinds of animals to eat me now. I don't believe you. I'm your son first. You have to follow me. Do you dare not leave after seeing all the animals see me? " The tiger thought so, so he followed, and all the animals went when they saw it.
The tiger left without knowing that the beast was afraid of himself, thinking that he was afraid of the fox. 1. Explain the meaning of the following words (1) Tigers take it for granted: _ _ Yes, yes __ (2) Animals walk away when they see it: __ 2. Why do all animals' walk away when they see it'? _ _ Because when they see the tiger behind the fox, what they are afraid of is actually the tiger _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3. What is the moral of this fable? _ _ _ Smith told us that we can't look at superficial phenomena, but we are easily confused by superficial phenomena _ _ _ _ Part II: Wang Rong was seven years old, and he tried to swim with all the children. He looked at the pear tree by the roadside. Many children broke the branches, but the children could not hold them.
When asked, people replied, "There are trees on the roadside, but there are many children, so it will be bitter pears." Please draw up a title for this story: _ Wang Rong analyzes pears ___ 2. Explain the meaning of the words in the sentence (1) Try to swim with the children: once, once __ (2). Try to analyze _ _ _ _ _ a clever boy who is good at analyzing things in combination with the original text _ _ _ The third original text: Dongan ① A scholar is good at drawing, taking mice as the axis, giving orders. I didn't understand love at first and hung it on the wall.
Once it passes, the shaft will fall to the ground and hang up repeatedly. Strange to say, at dawn, find 8, the axis is on the ground, and the cat is squatting beside it.
Cats will trip and chase when they catch 9 shafts and lift them. In order to test a group of cats, you must be arrested, so that you know that your painting is realistic.
Dong 'an: County name, now Hengyang, Hunan. Good, proficient and good at it.
② One axis: painting is mounted on one axis, and one axis is a painting. Axis: picture scroll ③ city order: county order.
4 diffuse: casual, casual. Dan: In the morning.
6 must land: land forever. ⑦ Strange: I feel strange about this situation.
Strange, strange, strange, here adjectives are used as verbs and conation. 8 looking for: looking for; Observe and capture: wait, and.
⑩ ⑩: Describe the way cats jump and catch. ⑾ Ran: That's it.
⑿: Yes. A scholar in Dong 'an is very good at drawing, and made a picture with mice as the theme, which was dedicated to the county magistrate.
The county magistrate didn't know how to cherish it at first, so he just hung the picture on the wall. Every morning, when I walk past the place where the painting is hung, the mouse painting always falls to the ground, hangs many times, and falls to the ground many times.
The county magistrate felt very strange about this situation. One day at dawn, the county magistrate got up to look and found that the painting had fallen to the ground, and there was a cat squatting next to it.
The county magistrate picked up the painting, and the cat jumped up and chased the mouse painting. The county magistrate tried other cats with this painting, and none of them were different.
Only then did I know that this mouse painting is very realistic and worth collecting. The fourth is sourdrang queen, Bolzigit, a mulberry girl from Horqin Belle Village, and the nephew of Filial Piety Queen.
Destiny returns in February, ten years. In the first year of Chongde, Zhuang Fei of Yongfu Palace was sealed; In the first month of the third year, Wu Jia was born.
Sai-jo ascended the throne and was honored as the empress dowager. In February of the 13th year of Shunzhi, the Empress Dowager lived for ten thousand years and wrote thirty poems.
The Holy Father ascended the throne and was honored as the Empress Dowager. In the eleventh year of Kangxi, fortunately, Tangquan in Chicheng crossed Chang 'anling, dismounted and helped the chariot, and mounted the horse until Tandao.
Still crossing the hurdle, it rained heavily, and still dismounted to help the chariot. The queen mother ordered me to ride from the mountain, not from the mountain. I rode down the hill.
Wu Sangui made a mess and used soldiers frequently for years. The Queen Mother remembered the hard work of the soldiers and sent gold and silk to the palace. I heard that there are partial disasters in all provinces, so there is no need to send T-shirts. Bourny rebelled, and the Empress Dowager and the ordinary princess of Cining Palace lived in Chahar for more than 90 years, telling her not to plunder.
Founding ceremony: Empresses, kings, Belle Fujin, Beizi and Gongfu all let women serve more frequently. I will stop it for the sake of the queen mother.
The ancestral system was observed in the palace, and there were no China women. The queen mother is not cured, and the court is anxious to tell you, so you can act again.
Tan Mian said, "The ancestors rode and shot, but the weapons could not be relaxed; Using people as politics, we must respect the sky and falsify politics. " He also wrote a book to warn that "in ancient times, it was said that it was difficult for the monarch and everyone was born." The son of heaven was born and raised in Sri Lanka and had to do it.
It is necessary to think deeply about the way of governing the country, so that the four seas are salty and prosperous, and the cotton count has no borders, but it is surplus. You are generous, kind, gentle, courteous, prudent, dignified and virtuous, and you are eloquent day and night, so that you can only carry on the past and test your heritage, so that you can give it without guilt! "Twenty-four years in the summer, in the summer, Boluo and Tun, I heard that the Queen Mother was unprepared and rushed back to the capital.
The queen mother has recovered from her illness. In September 26, the Queen Mother recovered from illness and stayed up all night.
In December, the Temple of Heaven prayed for blessings. Please reduce the amount to benefit the Queen Mother. I read my vows and cried, crying with all the princes and ministers.
The empress dowager was seriously ill and ordered: "Taizong has lived in peace for a long time, so don't act rashly for me." Besides, I love your father and son, and I have no regrets around Xiaoling. "
I'm broken. I'm 75 years old. During the mourning period, he wanted to stay in the palace for 27 months. Wang repeatedly asked him to follow his will so that he could start from now on.
(Excerpted from Biography of sourdrang queen in Qing Dynasty) 8. Among the following sentences, the one with the same meaning and usage is ① writing thirty poems to offer A. ② Please subtract Eli, the Empress Dowager ① Xia Ling, riding a horse and walking side by side with B. ② It's benevolence, and it's hard to see a cow but not a sheep. ② Don't make a move for me. B. "Nai": ① only; ② Yes.
C. "Do": ① Do; Two in favor. D. "Yu": ① In; 2 ratio.
Answer: Answer 9. Kangxi once praised his grandmother with * * *, saying, "Empress Dowager Cixi would never have been established today without her grandmother (alluding to the achievements of the Qing court)." The following sentences are divided into four groups, all of which show the help of Empress Xiaozhuang Wen to the two emperors. One group is (1) writing thirty poems, (2) reading the conscripts' hard work and sending gold and silks to the palace, (3) telling the admonishers not to plunder, (4) the court is angry and complaining, and then acts, (5) trying to comfort them, (5) mourning and serving in the palace for 27 months.
Answer: C 10. The following statement is not in line with the original intention: A. Empress Xiaozhuang Wen is the daughter of a beautiful woman in Horqin, Zhasang, and the niece of Queen Xiao Duan. After the emperor shunzhi ascended the throne in the Qing Dynasty.
5. Click 2020 for the answer to the classical Chinese in the senior high school entrance examination. Judging from the forms of such questions in the senior high school entrance examination in recent years, the questions in these five years are short answers to fill in the blanks. Have questions for three out of five years, and then answer the requirements. There are two requirements for answering questions, that is, to ask the answer to be expressed in the text or in your own words. Judging from the content of the questions, all the questions are aimed at the plot or characters in the story, and the purpose is to see if the candidates have read the story. Once the examinee correctly understands the paragraph, it is basically not difficult to answer such questions, and it will not help the correct rate of such questions without reading the paragraph.
So the key to answering this question lies in the overall understanding of the paragraph. That is, reading stories Then, examine the questions first, and then find the content. The answers to these questions can basically be found in the original text, but finding the answers is not blind. We need to see what the problem is about, and then look for it in a targeted way. If you want to express it in your own words, you should translate the original sentence into modern Chinese after you find it.
6. Classical poetry in the senior high school entrance examination is 20 14. Click the answer to the question (1)
14.① will be
② Change and transformation
(3) promise, agree.
4 smart.
15.① One hill and one hair (sentence with "zhi" as auxiliary word) (1 min)
(2) gather in a room and beg (or: stop laughing) (1)
16. With your age and residual strength, even the vegetation on the mountain can't be cleared. What can you do with these stones? (The translation of Yi, Zeng, Mao and How is correct, 2 points, and the overall expression is fluent, 1 point)
17. It shows that Gong Yu's move to move mountains is welcome (1), and it also highlights Gong Yu's strong will to move mountains (1).
18. One Mountain in Gong Yu embodies the indomitable spirit (1), which can encourage people to overcome difficulties in their work (1). Therefore, Gong Yu spirit is always valuable and meaningful (1).
(2) 18.( 1) communication and flexibility
(2) Tired
(3) worry
(4) Pass the "None" scoring standard: 65438+ 0 point for each point, and write "None" directly for the fourth question, with no penalty, totaling 4 points.
19. You are so clever! Scoring criteria: the overall meaning is correct, and the key words "hui" and "yes" are translated correctly, and 3 points are scored; If the translation of "Hui" and "Yes" is wrong, 0.5 points will be deducted for each word. Three points in all.
20.d scoring standard: 3 points.
2 1. Not stupid. Because from this sentence, we can see that Gong Yu has the spirit of perseverance and perseverance, and it is long-term and prosperous.
In Zhan's eyes, although he can't achieve his goal by personal ability, he firmly believes that as long as future generations persist in struggle, they will be eliminated one day.
Dashan! Scoring standard: show attitude, get 1 point; Not afraid of difficulties and perseverance, get 1 point (just write' perseverance' and give 1 point); With long-term vision or "development vision", get 1 point. Stay close to me.
7. Gold medal reading junior middle school extracurricular classical Chinese reading training all answers reference answer [1] Z7 {* r | u (1) 7 points in total1.b2. (Zheng Xie) Immediately distributed millet to the victims, saving more than 10,000 lives. Y9(% 3。 A good official who is honest, loves the people like a son and cares about the sufferings of the people. ② A total of 7 points. 4. Before (1), originally (just now) (2) secretly (3 points, each word1minute). (Tang Lin) has never been at fault for propagating his family. (2 points, meaning right) 6. Example 1: I agree that they are generous and good at inferiority, which is a virtue. Ex. 2: No, what they do is to connive at their subordinates, which will easily lead them to make mistakes again. (2 points, depending on the expression, give points as appropriate) (3) A total of 8 points 7. C8.B9. The reason for "being ashamed" is that the ducks killed are ducks with words, ducks with tributes and ducks with celebrities. An official is a person who is afraid of bullying. (4) Total score 10, 10. (1) to (2) etc. (3) So, (4) Write (write) 65,438+065,438+0. 12。 Enter Babu Mountain and study for three years; Do not carry a pen, beat your chest and vomit blood; Tomb raiding for books; Learning calligraphy and painting has passed the table; Study hard and forget to go to the toilet; Every time I see ten thousand kinds of books, I like them. ⑤8 points 13. (1) get (2) but, but (3) get rid of, get rid of (4) this (or "it") means bamboo (4 points, each event 1 point, the basic meaning is also given) 7 14. We Jiangnan people cut bamboo and burned it as firewood (2 points, meaning the same, is to give points. Z (6) 12 points 16, when the clouds come/people who have no opinion of the sun don't eat the rest of the month/although the clouds want to eat alone/I can't bear to part! /17, C 18, (1) Nan Jiyun knew that Helan Jin Ming didn't mean to send troops for himself after all, so he rode away quickly. This arrow is used for marking. 19, draw your sword and break your finger, rather die than surrender (7) 18 points 17. ① Study: Learn, be familiar with ② Send: Open: Offer: Take ④ Tomorrow: The next day 18. Mao often advised him to study hard. .p5② Close the door, open the book box, take out the book and read it for one day. (3) Zhao Pu's face hasn't changed at all, so he calmly took it on his knees and stepped down. 19.① When I was young, I was familiar with the books governing the country by bureaucrats, and I was proficient in selecting talents and appointing people to govern the country. U 2 study the Analects of Confucius in depth and govern the country with its theory. 20. Mao didn't know the person recommended by Zhao Pu at first, so he didn't need it. Later Zhao Pu recommended it again. Mao still didn't understand or didn't need it, and he was a little annoyed with Zhao Pu. Finally, Zhao Pu insisted on the recommendation. Seeing Zhao Pu's loyalty and due diligence, Mao realized that the recommender was unusual, so he "reused" him. (8) Total score 10, 2 1. (65,438+0) Buy (2) once (3) Leave (4) 22.B23. My heart becomes calm, and I don't think about (this dress) anymore. 24. Only when I am not dragged down by foreign objects can people become.