Xia dynasty (about 2070- 1600 BC) was the first hereditary dynasty recorded in China's history books. It is generally believed that the Xia Dynasty lasted for fourteen generations, and after seventeen generations (the ruler of the Xia Dynasty was called "Hou" when he was in office and "Emperor" after his death), it lasted for about 47 1 year and was destroyed by the Shang Dynasty. Later generations often call themselves "Huaxia", making it synonymous with China.
Shang Dynasty (about 1600 BC ~ about 1046 BC) is the second dynasty in the history of China, and it is also the first dynasty with direct written records of the same period in China.
The Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-77 1 year ago) was founded by Zhou Wenwang's son Zhou Wuwang after the collapse of Shang Dynasty. Until Zhou Youwang was killed by Shen Hou and Quan Rong in 77 1 BC, he experienced 1 generation 12 kings, which lasted about 275 years. Wu Wang has its capital in Zhouluoyi (Luoyang, Henan Province), and its capital is Haojing and Fengjing (now southwest of Xi City, Shaanxi Province).
The Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770 BC-256 BC) was the period after China moved from Zhou to Wang. The princes established Prince Ijiu, who was abandoned before, as the king, and was called Zhou Pingwang in history, with its capital in Luoyi. Later generations called this period "the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" because it was different from the Western Zhou Dynasty.
In the first half of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the princes fought for hegemony, which was called "Spring and Autumn Period" in history. In the second half of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the Emperor of Zhou existed in name only, and the princes conquered each other, which was called "Warring States" in history.
Extended data
Xia Dynasty: It is generally believed that the Xia Dynasty lasted for about 47 1 year after 17 generations (called "Hou" when the ruler of Xia Dynasty was in office and "Emperor" after his death), which was destroyed by Shang Dynasty. Later generations often call themselves "Huaxia", making it synonymous with China? .
Through the study of the dynastic history of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and the tracing project of Chinese civilization, the social picture of Zhixia Shang period from 2500 BC to 1500 BC is preliminarily outlined. Six large-scale and high-grade central capitals in the Xia Dynasty in the Central Plains, including Du Yuyang City, were included in the research focus.
Shang Dynasty: Shang Tang, the monarch of Shang Dynasty and Xia Dynasty, led the kingdom to perish in the battle of Mingtiao, with Shang as the title, in Bo (now Shangqiu)? Establish the Shang dynasty. After that, the capital of Shang Dynasty moved frequently until its descendant Pan Geng moved to Yin (now Anyang), which was the capital of Yin for 273 years. Therefore, Shang Dynasty was called Yin or Yin Shang by later generations. ?
The Shang Dynasty experienced three main stages. The first stage is "the first venture"; The second stage is "early business"; The third stage was the "Late Shang Dynasty", which lasted for more than 500 years from 17 to 3 1 Wang. Di Xin, the last monarch, set himself on fire after being defeated by Zhou Wuwang in the battle of Makino.
Zhou Dynasty: It is divided into two periods: the Western Zhou Dynasty (165438+mid-20th century -77 1 year ago) and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256 years ago). The Western Zhou Dynasty was established by Ji Fa of Zhou Wuwang during the reign of Wang Wu, with Haojiang (Zhou Zong) as its capital and Luoyi (Chengzhou) (Luoyang, Henan) as its capital. ?
In 770 BC (the first year of Zhou Pingwang), Pingdong moved its capital to Luoyi (Chengzhou) (now Luoyang, Henan), and the Zhou Dynasty in this period was called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. History books often refer to the Western and Eastern Zhou Dynasties as two weeks. ?
Among them, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, also known as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was divided into two periods: the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Han, Zhao and Wei jointly defeated the ruling Zhi family, and the three clans enfeoffed Jin.
Baidu encyclopedia: chronology of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties