Ouxianghong

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Feng Menglong compiled a series of words to warn the world, including "An Xiang Gong hates Mid-Levels Hall", which wrote about the failure of Wang Anshi's [1] political reform. Wang Anshi retired to his hometown in his later years, and all he saw and heard along the way were people's dissatisfaction and resentment against the political reform, and he died of depression and remorse. The article wrote: "Because of his stubbornness, all buddhas and bodhisattvas also advised him not to look back. Everyone called him' stubborn xianggong'."

Three shortcomings

"God is fearless, ancestors are illegal, and people are not merciful." This statement was not made by Wang Anshi, but it is in line with his thoughts. Therefore, it is generally attributed to Wang Anshi. "No need to be afraid of changes in nature" means no need to be afraid of disasters in nature; "Ancestor's insufficient law" means not to blindly imitate the laws and regulations formulated by predecessors, and "people's insufficient words" means not to worry about gossip. Later generations praised these three sentences, thinking that they expressed the fearless spirit and attitude of a reformer. It is with this spirit and perseverance that Wang Anshi withstood all pressures, removed all obstacles and unswervingly promoted the new law.

Concise and clear

When Wang Anshi was prime minister, Xiao Gongzi, a relative of his daughter-in-law's family, went to visit Wang Anshi when he arrived in Beijing. Wang Anshi invited him to dinner. The next day, Xiao's son dressed up and went there, expecting Wang Anshi to give him a banquet. After noon, he felt very hungry, but he dared not leave like this. After a long time, Wang Anshi ordered to sit down, and the food was not ready. Xiao Gongzi felt very strange in his heart. After drinking a few glasses of wine, he served two Hu cakes and four pieces of meat. After dinner, he only put a vegetable soup beside him. Xiao's son is very arrogant. He only eats a small part of the Hu cake, leaving all the edges. Wang Anshi ate the rest of the cake. That Xiao Gongzi left in shame.

It doesn't look bad

When Wang Anshi was appointed as the imperial edict, Wang Anshi's wife Wu took Wang Anshi as a concubine. The woman went to serve Wang Anshi, and Wang Anshi asked, "Who are you?" The woman claimed that she was "owed by the government and forced to sell herself". Hearing this, Wang Anshi not only confiscated her as a concubine, but also sent money to help her pay off her official debts and let her have a second romantic relationship with her husband.

Someone told Wang Anshi's wife that her husband likes to eat shredded deer. He ate the dish of shredded deer instead of other dishes at dinner. The lady asked, where did you put the broken deer? Everyone said it was right in front of him. The lady changed the position of the dish the next day, and the deer silk was placed farthest from him. It turns out that Wang Anshi only eats the dishes around him, and there is deer silk on the table as usual, but he has no clue.

Thorough exercise

Wang Anshi wrote "Dengguazhou" (Guazhou, in Jingkou, separated by several mountains. It's green, when will the bright moon shine on me), and the third sentence was originally written as "Arrive again", which was not well written, but later it was changed to "Guo". After reading it several times, it was not good either; It was changed to the word "gold", then to the word "full", and more than a dozen words were changed. Finally, it was determined to be "green": "make green".

I didn't comb my hair or wash my face like a prisoner.

Wang Anshi didn't pay attention to diet and appearance, his clothes were dirty, his hair was messy and his appearance was sloppy. Wang Anshi's bad habits are well known. Su Xun once described one of Wang Anshi's words: "The clothes of courtiers are taken captive, and dogs are exhausted", and "prisoners talk about poetry and books when their heads are humiliated".

In March of the fifth year of Li Qing (1045), Han Qi was appointed as the magistrate of Yangzhou, and Wang Anshi signed the sentence and became Han Qi's staff. Wang Anshi often stays up reading, so he often has no time to freshen up when he is on duty. Han Qi thought that Wang Anshi was having fun every night, so he advised him not to neglect his studies. Wang Anshi didn't refute, but said that Han Palace couldn't know me. Later, Han Qi discovered that Wang Anshi was very talented.

drink

According to legend, one day, Su Shi had a drink with monk Fo Yin at Suoguo Temple in Kyoto. And is strong, Fo Yin monk wrote a poem "debauchery and wealth":

Four walls of wine, color and wealth,

Everyone hid in the wall.

Who can jump out of the wall,

If you don't live, you will live a long life.

Su Shi focuses on the unique "poetry of wealth and wine", that is, harmony and Tao:

Drinking is the highest,

A hero is not obsessed with color.

Don't get rich by ill-gotten gains,

Be kind, be patient and let go.

Later, Song Shenzong and Wang Anshi traveled to Suoguo Temple together, and it was quite fresh to see the "dissolute and rich poems" on the wall. The gods hoped that Wang Anshi would be harmonious. After a little thinking, Wang Anshi wrote a poem. This poem links people's fear of "debauchery and wealth" with people's livelihood, adding a positive color to "debauchery and wealth poetry".

& gt There is no wine in the world.

The world is colorless and there are few passers-by.

People work hard for wealth,

State-owned vitality is vitality.

Wang Anshi deserves to be regarded as the original prime minister to promote the new law, and his unique "rich poems" aroused Zongshen's poetic sentiment. Immediately, the emperor's god sing a way:

Wine helps music, national health.

Color breeds life and emphasizes discipline.

This country is rich in wealth and food,

The Great Song Dynasty is like Asahi.

Send Jingniang a thousand miles away.

When Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin was young, there was chaos in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. He has a heart that needs saving. Young and frivolous, Zhao Kuangyin traveled around the world because he offended the imperial court. He once passed by Huashan and rescued Zhao Jingniang, a woman who was badly punished, from a group of robbers. Kuang Yin and Jing Niang became brother and sister, and escorted Jing Niang home alone.

Jingniang surnamed Zhao, from Yongji, Shanxi, is seventeen years old. She and her father went to Quyang to burn incense and were willing to be robbed. Fortunately, Zhao Kuangyin drew his sword to save her and sent her home thousands of miles away. Along the way, Zhao Kuangyin was considerate and meticulous to Jing Niang. Through the gate of Wu 'an, Jingniang got up in the morning, dressed in clothes, and confessed to Kuang Yin.

Kuang Yin sent Jingniang thousands of miles away (9 photos)

Admiration. Zhao Kuangyin was full of ambition and politely refused. At that time, a rising sun was about to come out, and Zhao Kuangyin wrote "Ode to the Sun" on the wall: "If you want to make a spicy tart, Qian Shan is like a fire. Come to the sky for a while, drive away the residual stars and drive away the moon. "

According to Feng Menglong's "warning words", Zhao Kuangyin sent Jingniang thousands of miles away, and Jingniang was willing to entrust her for life. However, Zhao said, "Xianmei is not an aunt, but sent her thousands of miles away with loyalty. What's the difference between her affair and that horse? " Friendship is not what a gentleman does. Jingniang said, "Brother En, your opinion is very good. I can't repay my virtue in my life, and I will die like dirt. "Static niang threw herself into the lake (also said that she committed suicide because she was suspected by her brother and sister-in-law). Kuang Yin joined the army in regret and later ascended the throne, making Jingniang a loyal minister.

Be chased by my sister

Chai Zongxun acceded to the throne at a young age, and Zhao Kuangyin was smart and measured, and the soldiers trusted him. Zhou Jun is going to fight in the north, and there are rumors in the capital, saying that "going out to make an inspection and be an emperor." Some rich people fled with their families, but only the palace didn't know about it. Zhao Kuangyin was afraid, so he ran home and secretly discussed with his family: "What should I do?" His sister is in the kitchen, her face livid. She raised a rolling pin and ran after Zhao Kuangyin, saying, "A gentleman can't make his own decisions when he is in trouble. What is the skill of running home to scare women? " Zhao Kuangyin was silent. [45]

Love reading

Although Zhao Kuangyin is a military commander, he likes reading very much and often puts his books down. When he followed Chai Rong Pingjianghuai (now Huaihe River Basin), someone told Chai Rong that he used several cars to carry his personal belongings, all of which were treasures. Sectarian people to check; There are only a few thousand books in the car. Chai Rong asked him, "You are a military commander. What's the use of asking for books! " Zhao Kuangyin replied: "I don't have any good strategies to contribute to your majesty, but I can only read more books to increase my knowledge."

Axis of the map

After Zhao Kuangyin proclaimed himself emperor, he also respected and valued the literati. On one occasion, he met a difficult problem and asked Prime Minister Zhao Pu, but Zhao Pu couldn't answer it. Asked the scholar again, bachelor Gu Tao and Dou Yi answered accurately, and Zhao Kuangyin said with deep understanding: "The prime minister must use the scholar!" For civil servants and military commanders who don't read much, Zhao Kuangyin always encourages them to read more to make up for their own shortcomings. It was with his encouragement that Zhao Pu became obsessed. Zhao Kuangyin employs people regardless of seniority. On the one hand, he ordered his deputies to pay attention to selecting talented people who lacked qualifications to take on heavy responsibilities; On the other hand, he always pays attention to all officials inside and outside, and secretly writes down his strengths and talents in his notebook. Whenever there is a vacancy in the official position, he looks through his notebook and chooses the right person to take it. This, in turn, made the envoys devote themselves to improving themselves. Zhao Kuangyin is quite brave. When he first ascended the throne, the power of our time was very strong and arrogance was uncontrollable. One day, Zhao Kuangyin called them together and gave them each a sword, a strong bow and a good horse. Then he got on the horse alone, without escort, and galloped out of the palace with this time. When we got to the Woods of Guzimen, we dismounted and drank with them. After a few drinks, Zhao Kuangyin suddenly said to them, "There is no one here. Whoever wants to be emperor can kill me and then ascend to the throne. " These festivals were drowned by his spirit. One by one fell to the ground, trembling all over, and even shouted "dare not, dare not". Zhao Kuangyin asked again and again. They were very scared and just buried their heads silently. Zhao Kuangyin reprimanded them and said, "Since you want me to be the son of heaven, you must do your duty as a courtier, and you are not allowed to be arrogant and lawless in the future!" Long live our times as a sign of obedience. [47]

Relieve from military duties by drinking.

The right to quench thirst by drinking poison means that in the early Song Dynasty, in order to strengthen centralization and prevent the imperial army from wearing a yellow robe, Zhao Kuangyin repeated historical dramas such as the national tragedy and the Chen Qiao mutiny and usurped his own political power. Therefore, Zhao Kuangyin expressed his views at a banquet, threatening and conniving at both sides, and suggested that senior officers hand over military power. Compared with Emperor Gaozu and Ming Taizu, Zhao Kuangyin is regarded as a model of leniency.

One day, Zhao Kuangyin called Zhao Pu and asked, "In the decades since the end of the Tang Dynasty, the emperor changed eight families, wars were frequent, and the people lived in dire straits. What is the reason? " I want the world to stop the war and the country to maintain long-term stability. What should I do? Zhao Pu replied, "Your Majesty is really lucky to tell this story. The chaos in the world is caused by the fact that the buffer region is too powerful and the monarch is weak and the minister is strong. To solve this situation today, we can only weaken the power of buffer towns, limit their finances and confiscate their elite troops, and the world will be peaceful. " [48]

Relieve from military duties by drinking.

In July of the second year of Stegosaurus (96 1), Zhao Kuangyin left Shi Shouxin, Gao Huaide, Wang Shenqi, Zhang Lingduo and other senior generals to drink after he retired from the DPRK. Half drunk, Song Taizu said to the generals, "I can't be emperor without you. Although I am the son of heaven, I might as well try my best to be happy. After becoming an emperor, I didn't sleep well all day. " This made Shi Shouxin and others dumbfounded: "Why did your Majesty say that? Since the destiny has been decided, who dares to be unfaithful again? " Zhao Kuangyin said, "Who doesn't want wealth? One day someone will dress you in a yellow robe and support you as an emperor. Even if you don't want to rebel, is it your call? " [49]

Shi Shouxin and other generals knelt down and kowtowed, crying and saying, "I am ignorant and don't know how to deal with this matter. Please have mercy on us and give us a way out. " Zhao Kuangyin took this opportunity to express the idea of letting them give up military power. He put forward that "life is short, just like the blink of an eye." It is better to accumulate more money, buy some real estate and pass it on to future generations. There are many singing and dancing at home, and we will drink together day and night. There is no suspicion between the monarch and the minister. Is this not good? " Ministers thanked them and said, "Your Majesty can think of us, which is good for us to come back to life!" The next day, all the soldiers will plead guilty and ask for resignation, and Zhao Kuangyin will give them a generous pension. [50]

Visiting Zhao Pu on a snowy night

One snowy night, Zhao Pu was studying at home, when he reported that he had a visitor.

Visiting Putu on a Snowy Night

Zhao Pu got a fright and had to go out to meet three people standing in the snow. Headed by a person, in addition to the top hat, impressively is the emperor Zhao Kuangyin. Zhao Pu burned charcoal to buy wine, and Zhao Kuangyin called Zhao Pu's wife his sister-in-law, and the monarch and his subjects got along very well. The center of the conversation is to discuss the problem of beating northern Han. Zhao Pu thought: Taiyuan is in the northwest. Since Taiyuan is below, I am alone. It is better to wait for all countries to be leveled, and then the tiny light spot will escape safely! Zhao Kuangyin said he was deeply interested in it. [52]

Be smart with Xu Xuan.

When Zhao Kuangyin sent troops to crusade against the Southern Tang Dynasty, Xu Xuan, the minister of the Southern Tang Dynasty, said to him, "Li Yu is innocent, and your majesty made it out of nothing. Li Yu and His Majesty are like heaven and earth, father and son. Heaven covers the earth, and the father protects the child. " Zhao Kuangyin said disapprovingly, "Since we are father and son, why should we eat in two places?" [53]

be lenient in treating people

Zhao Kuangyin was magnanimous and not impressed by the killing. On one occasion, he hosted a banquet in honor of ministers, including Wang Zhu, a close confidant of Zhou Shizong Chai Rong. Because he was drunk, he missed his old master and made noise in public. Ministers were so scared that they all sweated for him. However, Song Taizu didn't blame him and ordered people to help him out to have a rest. Wang Zhu refused to go out, hiding behind the screen and crying loudly. As a result, he was saved by people on both sides. The next day, some people said that Wang Zhu cried in public and missed Zhou Shizong, so he should be severely punished. Song Taizu said, "He's drunk. When Sejong was here, I was a minister with him and I was familiar with his temper. He is a scholar, and crying to death will not be a big problem. Let him go. "

After Chen Qiao mutiny, Zhao Kuangyin entered Kaifeng Palace, saw the princess holding a baby, and asked whose son it was. The answer is child. At that time, Fan Ju, Zhao Pu and Pan Mei were all nearby, and Zhao Kuangyin asked them how to deal with them. Zhao Pu and others replied: "It should be removed to avoid future troubles." Zhao Kuangyin said: "I can't bear to take over the position of human beings and then kill my son." I gave my child to Pan Mei to raise and never asked about it again. Pan Mei never mentioned the baby to Zhao Kuangyin. When the baby grows up, he is named Wikipedia, and the official is the secretariat.

On another occasion, Zhao Kuangyin rode out of the palace. When passing through Daxi Bridge, a sniper arrow suddenly flew and hit Huanglong Banner. The guards were stunned, but Zhao Kuangyin patted his chest and said, "Thank you for teaching me to shoot arrows." The guards are not allowed to search archers, and it will be all right in the future.

Chen Qiaoyi is between Chen Qiao and Fengqiu (both in the northeast of Kaifeng). Zhao Kuangyin mutiny, Chen Qiao guarding the gate behind closed doors, don't let Zhao Kuangyin army through. Zhao Kuangyin had to turn around and seal the mound, and the gatekeeper immediately opened the door for release. After Zhao Kuangyin proclaimed himself emperor, he was promoted to be the gatekeeper of Chen Qiao, praised him for being loyal to his duties, reprimanded the gatekeeper of Fengqiu for dereliction of duty and beheaded the public.

Zhao Kuangyin likes to play with birds in the backyard. Once, a courtier claimed to have an urgent state visit, and Zhao Kuangyin immediately received him. Zhao Kuangyin looked at the newspaper, but it was a trivial matter. He was angry and asked him why he lied. The courtier replied, "I think the smallest thing is more important than shooting birds." Zhao Kuangyin hit him in the mouth with the handle of an axe and broke two of his teeth. The courtiers did not feel pain, but slowly leaned forward, picked up their teeth and held them in their arms. Zhao Kuangyin asked angrily, "Did you pick up your teeth and sue me?" The courtier replied, "I have no right to sue your majesty. My own historian will record today's events." Hearing this, Zhao Kuangyin suddenly lost his temper, knowing that he was a loyal minister, and ordered him to be rewarded as a compliment. [54]

The Hands of Shang-Chi

Taizu Changquan should be derived from the true biography of Zu's training and combined with the soldiers' fighting experience on the battlefield to form a 32-potential Changquan. Zhao Kuangyin became a generation of emperors after he ascended the throne. In the past, the soldiers thought it was precious, and it was called "Song Taizu 32-potential Long Boxing". Since ancient times, Taizu Changquan has been famous for its actual combat. Shaolin Temple, known as the world's martial arts out of Shaolin, also has special respect for Taizu Changquan, and openly admits that Taizu Changquan is the largest branch of Shaolin Wushu. Thus, the position of Taizu Changquan in China Wushu family is extraordinary. Among the martial arts that have been passed down to this day in China, the schools named after Taizu Changquan are Shandong, Cangzhou, Henan, Songshan, Yunnan, Fujian and Taiwan Province from south to north. Even the Zhao Gate recorded in the Complete Collection of Sichuan Martial Arts was named after Zhao Kuangyin, so it was called Zhao Gate.

Another great contribution of Zhao Kuangyin to China Wushu was named after him, which was the first "Mao Panlong Stick" that accompanied him to spread all over the world and found the country. Taizu panlong stick, also known as whistle stick, is famous for its unique structure, simplicity, practicality and difficulty in prevention. Its training methods are still reserved for the treasures of major sects, which are rarely seen. [55]

The legacy of the oath tablet

Zhao Kuangyin once carved his last words on a stone tablet (an iron block) and left them to his descendants. When the emperor of the Song Dynasty ascended the throne, he had to read his last words. However, this legacy is confidential, except for some palace people, even the prime minister does not know. Later, the rulers defeated the Song Dynasty and occupied the palace, only to discover the existence of this document. The contents recorded in the doctrine are as follows:

(1) The descendants of Chai are guilty and may not be punished. If they commit rebellion, they will stop in prison. They may not be punished by the city, or they may not sit together.

(two) shall not kill the scholar-officials and letter writers.

(3) If children and grandchildren have this oath, the sky will be over.

The emperor of the Song Dynasty basically abided by the legacy of the oath tablet, and the descendants of Chai lived and died together with the Southern Song Dynasty. Officials who lost power in the struggle between the old and new parties were not killed, and with the evolution of the political situation, they may return to the central government, which can be proved. Through the legacy of this stone tablet, Zhao Kuangyin's gentle personality reflects the politics of the whole Song Dynasty.