But some people on the island demand independence.
The United Nations recognizes it as a part of Denmark.
Nominal name
Greenland (Greenland, Kalaallit Nunaat)
Surface product
2 175600 square kilometers
human population
56,200
Age structure:
0- 14 years old: 27% (male 7718; Female 7483)
15-64 years old: 68% (male 20860; Female 17272)
65 years old and above: 5% (male1332; Female 1644) (2000)
Population growth rate: 0.09% (2000)
Birth rate: 16.85 birth/65,438+0,000 population (2000)
Mortality rate: 7.55 deaths/65,438+0,000 (2000)
Sex ratio:
Birth: 1 male/female
1under 5 years old 1.03 male/female
15-64 years old: 1.2 1 male/female
65 years old and above: 0.8 1 male/female
Total population: 1. 13 male/female (2000)
Infant mortality rate: 18.26/1000 (2000)
Life expectancy at birth:
Total population: 68.07 years old
Male: 64.52 years old
Female 7 1.69 years old (2000)
Fertility rate: 2.45 newborns/women (2000)
Race: Greenland 87% (Inuit and European Greenland), Danish and others 13%.
Religion: Lutheranism
Language: Greenland (East Inuit), Danish, English.
capital city
Nuuk, formerly known as Goldsab. The population is 1.4 million (200 1 year 1 month).
Chief patrol officer
Peter laurie Cen (took office on April 1 2002).
Brief situation
The largest island in the world. Located in the northeast of North America. About four-fifths of the islands are in the Arctic Circle. The coastline is 44,000 kilometers long. The annual average temperature is below 0℃, and the lowest temperature can reach -70℃.
We don't know when the indigenous people of Greenland came here and why they chose such a desolate place to live. When Icelandic colonists came here in 982, they found it uninhabited. At the southernmost tip of the island, Icelanders established three strongholds, which they persisted in for the next few centuries.
The name Greenland is exactly what these Scandinavians chose. According to the Nordic epic sagar, Eriksson with red beard was exiled to Iceland for murder. The Eriksson family and their slaves sailed northwest to explore the legendary land. When he settled on the island, he named it Greenland (meaning "green land") to attract more immigrants. At least the fjord at the southern end of the island is still green. His brilliant plan succeeded, and Nordic immigrants could live in harmony with the new Inuit. /kloc-in the 0/2nd century, a Catholic parish was even established in Greenland. 1386, Greenland officially belonged to Norway. At that time, Norway was a member of the Kalmar Federation of the three Nordic countries, so after the disintegration of the Federation, Greenland was transferred to the Danish-Norwegian monarchy. After more than 500 years of persistence, Nordic settlements suddenly disappeared in the15th century, probably due to the general food shortage caused by the Little Ice Age. Later, the remains of residents in this period all showed malnutrition.
18 14, Denmark recovered the sovereignty of Greenland according to the Kiel Treaty. In the 1920s, after gaining independence from Denmark, Norway occupied the then uninhabited eastern Greenland, claiming that it was ownerless and claimed sovereignty over it. 1933, Denmark and Norway agreed to submit this dispute to the International Court of Justice for arbitration under the League of Nations. According to the arbitration result, Denmark gained the sovereignty of the whole Greenland. On the early maps, Greenland was also marked with the name of Gruntland (meaning Land of the Earth). It is not known whether Grunt is a green falsetto or a green falsetto. During World War II, the connection between Greenland and Denmark was cut off because Nazi Germany occupied Denmark on April 9, 1940. Greenland successfully traded with the United States and Canada by mining cryolite mine in Wiegert, Iraq, and obtained necessary commodities. This situation continued until the end of the war. The climate of the North Atlantic is deeply influenced by the ocean currents along the northeast coast of Greenland. Therefore, small-scale battles also took place in this area during World War II. 1943, a Danish soldier was killed in this area, and a year later, a German soldier was also killed there.
Masayoshi
There is an autonomous parliament and an autonomous government. The autonomous government is responsible for taxation, underground resources, education, culture and social welfare; Defence, diplomacy, justice and currency are controlled by the Danish government. The Governor-General is appointed by the Danish monarch. The Danish Parliament has two seats. Have their own flags and stamps. 1In February 1999, a general election was held to form a coalition government of the Kadima Party and the Workers' Party.
parliament
Lanster is elected by universal suffrage for a term of four years, with 3/kloc-0 seats. The current autonomous parliament was elected in February 1999, with the Kadima Party 1 1 seats, the United Party with 8 seats, the Workers' Party with 7 seats, the Independent Alliance with 4 seats, and the Independent Party 1 seats. The Speaker is John Lund Olsen (Workers' Party).
government
The current self-government is composed of the Kadima Party and the Workers' Party in February 1999, with a total of seven members: Chairman Gornat Mozfeldt (Kadima Party); Josef Motzfeldt (Workers' Party), in charge of economy and trade; Alfred Jacobson (Workers' Party), in charge of health, environment and religious affairs; Benedikte Thorsteinsson (Kadima Party), in charge of social and labor affairs; Paaviaaraq Heilmann (Kadima Party), in charge of commerce; Marian Jensen (female, Kadima Party) is in charge of culture, education and scientific research; Peter Groenvold Samuelsson (Kadima Party) is in charge of housing and infrastructure.
administrative division
The island is divided into three parts: East Greenland, West Greenland and North Greenland.
political party
(1) Siumt: founded in July, 1977. President Lars Emile Johnson. It belongs to a moderate socialist party and advocates a higher degree of autonomy.
(2) Atassut:197865438+10 was established in October. Formerly known as Unity Movement, 198 1 changed its name. President Conrad Steinholt. Tend to be conservative and advocate strengthening the relationship between Greenland and Denmark.
(3) Inuit Ataqatigiit: It is composed of leftists who split from Kadima Party 1978. Chairman Joseph Motzfeldt. Advocate Greenland's complete independence from Denmark.
(4)Issit tupartia: 1987 was established in May.
(5)Akkullitit partiait: established in 199 1.
(6) Kattusseqatigiit: 1998 holds.
Tsukiji
Fisheries and fish product processing are the main economic sectors. 1977 established a fishing area of 200 nautical miles. 1997, the total catch was about 12 10000 tons, and the output value exceeded 400 million kroner. The main seafood is shrimp, Greenland halibut, cod and salmon. 198 44 fishing boats 103, including 300 speedboats and fishing boats over 20 tons.
The economic indicators of 1998 are as follows:
Gross domestic product: 7.71100 million Danish kroner (about1.1.50 million USD).
Per capita GDP: 65.438+37 billion kronor (about 20,400 US dollars).
Economic growth rate: 7.8%.
Currency name: Danish kroner.
Exchange rate: 1 USD = 8.09 kronor. (2000)
Hunting and animal husbandry
Hunting is a traditional industry, and 1/4 people make a living by it. The annual output is about 1.8 million sea leopard skins and 1.0 million fox skins. Sheep and reindeer are the main animal husbandry, and about 1.5 million sheep are slaughtered every year.
Resources and mining industry
There are lead, zinc, cryolite, chromium, coal, tungsten, molybdenum, iron, nickel, uranium, oil and other resources underground, in which cryolite has been basically mined. 1985 produces zinc ore 1 19000 tons and lead ore 26000 tons. There has been no mining activity since 1987. 1989, a gold mine was discovered in the eastern part of the island, with a preliminary proven reserve value of about 1200 million kronor and an annual recoverable capacity of12 ton.
transport
The main means of transportation are boats, planes, helicopters and sledges. There are regular flights or passenger ships and cargo ships between Denmark, Canada and Iceland. In 2000, there were 3,729 cars, including 2,093 private cars.
Finance and money
From 65438 to 0998, the budget revenue of the autonomous government was 4.498 billion kroner and the expenditure was 4.325 billion kroner. The total subsidy granted by the Danish government to the autonomous government is1700 million Danish kroner.
foreign trade
Mainly exporting fish, shrimp, fur and mineral products; Import all kinds of means of production and means of subsistence. The import and export of commodities in recent years are as follows (unit: 100 million kroner):
1998 1999 2000
Import value 27.4 27.9 29. 12
Export value 17.0 19.3 22.08
Difference-10.4 -8.6 -7.04
The import and export situation with major trading partners during 1999 is as follows (unit: 100 million kroner):
Export value and import value
Denmark 16.2
Japan 1.6 Norway 1.5
Usa 0.3 France 1.3
UK 0.2 US 0.6
People's lives
In 2000, there were 18 hospitals and clinics with 90 doctors, 33 dentists, 504 nursing staff and 44 10 beds. Price index (1995 =100): 2000 =105. Wage index (1995 =100):1999 =105.
military affairs
Dan has a Greenland headquarters in Georgia, which is responsible for patrolling fishing areas, maritime rescue, marine survey, meteorological services and liaison with US military bases. 1941April 9, Denmark signed the Greenland Defence Agreement with the United States, and the United States obtained the right to build military facilities on the island. The United States has Thule military base, radar station and early warning system.
cultural education
Implement nine-year free compulsory education. The teaching language is Greenland and Danish is a compulsory course for students. In the school year of 1999/2000, there were 88 primary and secondary schools with 1 164 students and1/09 teachers, including 865 local teachers in Greenland. There are 65,438+00 vocational schools, 65,438+0 trade colleges, 65,438 education colleges and 65,438 small universities (University of Greenland). The vast majority of students go to Danish institutions of higher learning for higher education. The main newspapers are Greenland Post, Progressive Party, Progressive Party and Unity Party. Greenland Radio and Television broadcasts and plays TV programs in Greenland and Danish.