From then on, the West finally walked out of the darkness of the Middle Ages and began to rise in the world with an irresistible trend, and in the following centuries, it achieved maritime hegemony. A brand-new industrial civilization has become the mainstream of world economic development.
Extended data:
Columbus's voyage;
Columbus was engaged in navigation all his life. Moved to Portugal and Spain. It is believed that the earth is spherical, and that sailing from Europe to the west can reach India and China in the east.
With the support of the king of Spain, he made four voyages (1492 ~ 1493, 1493 ~ 1496, 1498 ~ 1500,/kloc-). Opened a route across the Atlantic to the United States. Arrived in Bahamas, Cuba, Haiti, Dominica, Trinidad and other islands.
First landed on the American continent on the south bank of Parria Bay. The coastline of Honduras in Central America, which reached more than 2,000 kilometers in Lianwan, was investigated. Know the isthmus of Panama; The wind direction changes of the Atlantic Ocean blowing east wind at low latitudes and west wind at high latitudes were discovered and utilized.
The correctness of the theory of earth sphere is proved. Promoted the connection between the old continent and the new world. He mistakenly thought that the new world he arrived in was India and called the locals Indians. It became a pioneering work in history.
1492 started its maiden voyage on August 3rd. Columbus, with a crew of 87 people, set out from Barros, Spain, in three ships. 10 year 10 month 12 day, he arrived and named San Salvador Island in Bahamas.
65438+1arrived in Cuba Island on October 28th, which he mistakenly thought was the Asian continent. Then he went to Hispaniola Island (now Haiti Island) in the West Indies and made a survey on the north shore of the island. 1493 March 15 returned to Spain.
The second voyage started at125 September, 493, and he led the ship 17 from the port of Cadiz, Spain. The aim is to establish permanent colonial rule in what he called Asia continent India.
There are 1500 people taking part in this voyage, including royal officials, technicians, craftsmen and soldiers. 1494 In February, due to food shortage and other reasons, most ships and personnel returned to Spain. He led three ships to continue to explore the "Indian mainland" in the waters south of Cuba Island and Hispaniola Island.
The third voyage started on May 30th, 1498. He led six ships and about 200 crew members from Seville, Spain. The purpose of this voyage is to confirm the legend that there is a continent (namely South America continent) south of the island discovered in the previous two voyages.
On July 3 1 day, the fleet arrived in Trinidad Island in the north of South America and Parrilla Bay in Venezuela. This is the first time that Europeans have discovered South America. Later, Columbus was arrested by the envoy sent by the king in June of 1500, and was accused and sent back to Spain. Columbus was soon released because of opposition from all sides.
The fourth voyage started in May 1502, 1 1. He led four ships, 150 crew, and set out from the port of Cadiz. The discovery of Columbus's third voyage shocked Portugal and Spain. Many people think that the place where he arrived is not Asia, but a "new world" that Europeans have never been to.
So King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella ordered Columbus to sail again to find the waterway leading to the Pacific Ocean in the middle of the New World. After arriving in Hispaniola, he crossed the sea between Cuba and Jamaica and arrived in the western Caribbean.
Then turn south and sail eastward along the coasts of Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama for about 1500 km to find the passage between the two oceans. He also learned from the Indians that he was driving along the isthmus that separated the two oceans.
As the ship 1 was destroyed in the conflict with Indians, and the other three ships were damaged one after another, Columbus abandoned the ship and landed in Jamaica on June 1503, and returned to Spain on October 71504+065438+/kloc-0.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia Columbus