I. Primitive agricultural development

I. Overview

(1) 10000 years ago, China entered the Neolithic Age.

(The Neolithic Age refers to the age when grinded stone tools were used.

After entering the Neolithic Age, our ancestors began to settle down, making pottery and grinding stone tools, agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts came into being and developed, and primitive religious beliefs and arts appeared and developed.

) )

China is a big agricultural country with a long history of agricultural production.

In the long years, predecessors' understanding of various edible plants has gradually deepened.

2. Archaeological Discovery (1) About 20,000 years ago, our predecessors began to manage some wild plants to help them grow better.

About 10000 years ago, the earliest cultivated crops appeared in China.

The ancestors in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River began to plant rice, and the ancestors in the north began to plant millet.

) At present, the earliest cultivated rice, millet and millet in the world were all found in China.

(3) Artificial cultivation of rice, millet and millet is an important contribution of our ancestors to human civilization.

3. Development process After more than 2,000 years of development, rice planting and chestnut planting have gradually spread in northern China, from the first slash-and-burn farming in primitive agriculture to Lei Ji (an ancient farming tool) for agriculture, and the proportion of agriculture in people's lives has gradually increased.

4. Important symbols The emergence of crop planting, livestock and poultry raising and the development of villages and grinding stone tools are important symbols of the rise and development of primitive agriculture.

Second, the life of Hemudu people 1, time and place About 7000 years ago, Hemudu in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province was located in the Yangtze River Basin.

2. Living conditions (1) Ganlan building: wooden stakes are inserted into the ground, and then boards are spliced into houses.

This is the earliest wooden structure building in China, which has an important influence on ancient buildings in China.

) 2) The Mushuijing discovered in Du He site is the earliest Mushuijing discovered so far.

3. Production Status (1) A large number of artificially cultivated rice sites have been found, indicating that the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is one of the cradles of rice cultivation in Asia, and the most typical agricultural tool is Gu Lei.

(2) Animal husbandry: The livestock and poultry are mainly pigs, dogs and buffaloes.

(3) Handicraft: Hemudu people can make bone whistle of pottery, jade and simple musical instruments; Using sculpture and other techniques, ancient works of art are made from ivory and animal bones.

The oldest ivory carving in China was unearthed at Hemudu site; Hemudu people also know how to use natural coatings.

3. Banpo residents' life 1. Time and place: about 6000 years ago; Banban Village in the east of Xi City, Shaanxi Province is located in the Yellow River Basin.

2. Living conditions: Banpo people's houses are mainly semi-porous round houses, mostly with wood as pillars, and there are stove holes in the house.

3. Production Status (1) Agriculture: Banpo people made exquisite ground stone tools.

Banpo people also cultivate land and engage in agricultural production, mainly making tools such as bones and horns for planting millet.

(animal husbandry) raising pigs, dogs and other livestock.

(3) Handicraft industry can make pottery (painted pottery); There are many decorations that can be used for simple fabrics and uniforms, and a little musical instrument (Taoya).

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