In April of the sixth year of Zhong Ping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (189), Liu Hong, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, died of illness in Wei Palace. The little emperor Liu Bian proclaimed himself emperor. Because of Liu Bian's youth and ignorance, He Taihou came to power temporarily, and the monarchy became weaker. Eunuchs and eunuchs waged a fierce struggle in order to better obtain the unique right to manipulate the imperial system. Dong Zhuo unexpectedly entered Luoyang City, took charge of an effective court, abolished Emperor Shao of Han Dynasty, and appointed Liu Xie as Liu Xie, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Then, Yuan Shao and other vassal states conquered Dong Zhuo. In order to avoid the crusade, Dong Zhuo coerced Liu Xie, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, to move to Chang 'an, the capital. When he left, he burned down castles, official residences and houses, resulting in ruins within 200 miles around Luoyang. This is the first time that Luoyang was burned down after the Western Han Dynasty and Zhou Cheng.
The second destruction: Han Dynasty-Yongjia Rebellion; Main characters: Liu Cong and Liu Yao; Reason: Yongjia Rebellion
Liu Cong, a Hun, the fourth son of, the Emperor of Han and Zhao (former Zhao), was the King of Han and Zhao in the Sixteen Kingdoms Period. His reign was 3 10 ~ 3 18. Three months after Liu Cong ascended the throne, he sent Liu Yao, Wang Mi and his son Liu Xie, the king of Hanoi, to attack Luoyang. The following year, former general Hu Yanyan was sent to lead 27,000 people to attack Luoyang. Before Liu Yao and others arrived, Hu Yanyan gave priority to attack Luoyang, captured Pingchang Gate, and plundered with great fanfare, even more than Luoshui burned Jin Huaidi's ships ready to evacuate. After Liu Yao and others arrived, they invaded Luoyang City together, captured Emperor Huaidi and Queen Sheep alive, and then handed them over to Pingyang. He also plundered soldiers in the palace, entered the imperial palace and the treasury, and killed high officials and rich people. History is called Yongjia Rebellion. At this point, the Han people in the Central Plains began their first great migration and established the Jin Dynasty. China's historical time has entered the stage of the dispute between the Han Dynasty.
The third destruction: the late Tang Xuanzong; Main characters: An Lushan, Guo Ziyi; Reason: The Anshi Rebellion competed in Luoyang.
In the winter of Tianbao 14th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (755), An Lushan and Shi Siming mutinied in Fanyang, captured Luoyang, the eastern capital, and plundered the army. In the second year, An Lushan became emperor in posthumous title, Luoyang. In the second year of Taoist Temple (757), An Qingxu, the son of An Lushan, killed An Lushan in Luoyang Palace and succeeded him as emperor. In the same year, Guo Ziyi occupied Luoyang. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Shi Siming killed An Qingxu, calling himself Emperor Dayan, and conquered Luoyang in the second year. In the second year of Shangyuan Festival (76 1), Luoyang was occupied by Uighur soldiers in the Tang Dynasty. During the Anshi Rebellion, Luoyang, the imperial capital, suffered serious losses because of the burning and looting by anti-thieves and Uighur soldiers.
The fourth destruction time: the last year of Northern Song Dynasty; Main characters: Zhai Taizong; Reason: Song Jin Luoyang strives for hegemony.
In A.D. 1 127, the nomads from the army conquered Kaifeng and robbed the emperor Qin Hui. In the same year, Zhao Gou, King Kang, ascended the throne in Nanjing (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and established the Song Dynasty. 1February, with Luoyang as the overall goal, nomadic people attacked again and captured Luoyang city. At this time, there were only 1000 Song soldiers guarding Song Ling around Luoyang, and there were two or three thousand people recruited by Zhai Jin. In order to capture Luoyang, the nomads from western Henan fought a soul-stirring battle. In the end, Luoyang Jinbing had to give up Luoyang, set fire to some engineering buildings in Luoyang, and moved Luoyang people to Hebei.
In April of the following year, Song Gaozong ordered Zhai Jin to organize Song Bing and Nomads from the army to hold a general meeting in Luoyang again, but Lien Chan lost in a row. Jin Bing led by Zhai Jin once again entered Luoyang for street fighting and captured Luoyang again. However, at this time, the city of Luoyang was war-torn and sparsely populated, and the nomads from Luoyang withdrew again. Since then, from 1 129, 1 132,133 to 1 140, Jin Song has played in Luoyang for many times, and finally in/. During the ten years from 1 127 to 1 140, Song and Jin constantly competed, and Luoyang changed hands several times. All the castle houses in the city were destroyed, and the bones were really exposed in the wild, and there was no cock crow for thousands of miles.
The fifth destruction time: late Ming Dynasty; Main characters: Li Zicheng Axe King; Reason: Li Zicheng rebelled.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng and Zhang turned against each other. Li Zicheng put forward the idea of Luoyang in order to improve his salary. At this time, Luoyang happened to be Zhu's territory. Zhu has thousands of gold and silver, but he is extremely stingy. Not only the people in Luoyang hate him, but even his soldiers are dissatisfied with him. Moreover, because Zhang sent troops to Sichuan, most of Luoyang's generals were transferred to Sichuan to quell the chaos, so Luoyang belongs to a weak fat man. Li Zicheng will not easily ignore this great opportunity to capture Luoyang.
164 1 year in the first month, led the peasants to revolt to the gates of Luoyang, and pulled down the curtain of siege. Li Zicheng attacked Luoyang City, killing tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians, and the people were miserable, and the fiefs were afraid of burning. Glorious Wang Fu was also burned down, and Luoyang City suffered another great ordeal, which happened to be a weapon war that caused the flame of Luoyang's new prosperity to be completely blown out, and Luoyang was razed to the ground again.
Sixth Destruction: Republic of China; Reason: Japanese air raid on Luoyang Battle
During the period of 1938, the Japanese airport gradually attacked Luoyang frequently, with 6 large-scale air raids, and small-scale taxpayer air raids continued every month. 1938 65438+1October 3 1, 32 Japanese planes attacked Luoyang for the first time, and Luoyang city was in chaos, with numerous casualties. 12 Soviet air force stationed in Luoyang took off and fought bloody battles with it. Four Japanese planes were destroyed, two Soviet planes were damaged, and the Japanese plane escaped. 1938 On the morning of July 3, Japanese plane 1 1 split into two planes and attacked Luoyang, destroying more than 200 families, and stirring Laoji and Xiguan into a sea of fire. 1in March, 939, Japanese planes attacked Luoyang again, besieging the general goal of Luoyang, which was dominated by civilians. The Heluo Library was bombed, causing thousands of casualties. 1940, Japanese planes attacked Luoyang on a large scale three times. On February 20th, 108, Japanese planes attacked Luoyang one day in turn, and the area around the National Government Auditorium (now Youth Palace) was razed to the ground within 3 square kilometers, with tens of thousands of bodies.
On the morning of April 28th, Japanese planes 12 carried out carpet bombing on the old city, dropping a lot of petrol bombs. There are bodies everywhere in the streets, and every family is mourning. Dozens of families were killed in the streets of Wen Ming. At the beginning of May, Japanese planes sent more than 80 airstrips to attack Luoyang, and the air raid lasted for 10 hour, causing numerous deaths and injuries to residents. 1944, the Japanese army copied goods from Luoyang to the north. 15 army and the 94th division of the garrison stationed in Luoyang held on to Luoyang and fought to the death with the Japanese army. In the end, Luoyang fell because of the disparity in strength. In the battle of Luoyang, 20,000 people were wiped out, China army 1 10,000 people were wiped out, and more than 3,000 people were wounded and captured. After the encirclement, only 3 16 officers and 1795 soldiers remained in China. Tens of thousands of people in Luoyang were blown up by Japanese air strikes.
For thousands of years, Luoyang, as an ancient imperial country, has confirmed many historical events, welcomed more than 100 kings and thousands of literati, and experienced many fires. Sima Wengong is right. If you want to ask the rise and fall of things in the past dynasties, you can only look at Luoyang City.