Latin scientific name: Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge

Family and genus: Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.

Economic value: Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is an excellent woody edible oil tree species unique to China. The oil content of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge seeds is 30%-36%, and the oil content of seeds is 55%-67%. Among unsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid accounts for 52.8%-53.3% and linoleic acid accounts for 37.8%-39.4%, which is easily digested and absorbed by human body. Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil is light yellow and transparent at room temperature, with no impurities, fragrant smell and low erucic acid content (2.7%-7.9%). Can be preserved for a long time, and can be used for preparing various vitamins and extracting protein and amino acids. It has certain curative effect on hypertension, arteriosclerosis, gangrene, rheumatism, neurogenic enuresis, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil contains iodine value 125.8 and diene value 0.45, which belongs to semi-drying oil and is also the first-class raw material for making paint, engine oil, lubricating oil and soap. Furfural can be extracted from peel, activated carbon can be made from seed coat, flowers are sweet and edible, leaves can be processed into drinks, and oil residue can be processed into concentrated feed. At the same time, Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is an excellent tree species to improve the ecological environment and beautify the country.

Morphological characteristics: small deciduous trees or shrubs, up to 8 meters high. Bark is grayish brown, rough and cracked; Branchlets are purple-brown and hairy when they are young, and then fall off. Odd pinnate compound leaves alternate. Flowers are heterozygous, neat and white, with halo from yellow to red at the base; Capsule oval, 4-6 cm in diameter, thick-walled wood. Flowering in April-May; Fruit ripens from August to September.

Origin and Habit: Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is a unique tree species in China. It originated from the arid and cold areas in northern China and some old Lama temples in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. There are older Xanthoceras sorbifolia trees. Like light, but also resistant to semi-yin; Cold tolerance, drought tolerance and waterlogging tolerance; The soil requirement is not strict, and it can grow in desert, gravel, clay and mild saline-alkali soil, but it grows well in fertile, deep, loose and moist soil. Deep roots. The taproot is developed and the tiller is strong.

Breeding: mainly sowing and breeding. It can also be divided into plants, layering and root cutting.

Papaya begonia has bright flowers, good tree shape and few pests and diseases. It is a good tree species for landscaping. Can be planted in the corner of the garden wall, forest edge and other places, can enjoy flowers in spring, autumn can enjoy fruit. The oil content of seed kernel is 35.99%, the oil yield is 30%, there is no peculiar smell, it is edible and can be used to make soap. The fruit is cooked and made into candied fruit; It can also be used as medicine, but papaya has little effect. National Medical Products Administration banned medicinal use in 2003 because of its poor medicinal effect. Flowers can be used as seasoning for sugar sauce, and it tastes delicious. Bark contains tannin, which can be used to extract tannin extract. Wood is hard and can be used to make furniture.

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, Papaya, Papaya and Dioscorea zingiberensis.

Uses: The oil content of its seeds is 50%-70%. Historically, people collected Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds to extract oil for lighting Buddha lanterns, and then gradually turned to eating. This species has a large inflorescence and dense flowers, which are full of white flowers in spring and can last for more than 20 days. It is a rare small flowering tree and a good nectar source plant. Strong resistance, is the first choice for greening barren hills; Wood is solid, dense and beautiful, and it is a good material for making furniture and household appliances.

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, a plant of Sapindaceae, is used as medicine with wood and branches and leaves. Picking stems and branches in spring and summer, peeling off skins and drying wood for later use; Pulverizing fresh branches and leaves, and decocting.

Gan, Ping.

Dispelling wind and removing dampness. Used for rheumatoid arthritis.

1 ~ 3 money. Decoct with water or ointment, each time 1 yuan, twice a day, or apply the ointment to the affected area.

Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds can be used to treat nocturia of children in northeast China.

National compilation of Chinese herbal medicines

In some places in northern China, ripe fruits and honey are cooked together and pickled to make a unique "preserved fruit", which is mixed with water and used as a flavor drink for entertaining guests during the New Year.

In the modern history of China, Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge has a special history. During the Cultural Revolution, Xanthoceras sorbifolia and Hibiscus were once designated as "imperial plants", and other flowers and trees could only be destroyed once. Hibiscus can be eaten and used medicinally, while Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge has a thick skin, which is not delicious in itself and is rarely used as medicine. So why is it designated as a "royal plant"? It turned out that Wenguan Guo, also known as "civil servant fruit", means "civil servants are in power". At that time, all the members of the Gang of Four were so-called civil servants, so they were naturally favored by Jiang Qing.

Current market situation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge;

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is the only tree species suitable for developing biomass energy in northern China among the tree species suitable for developing biomass energy in China announced by the State Forestry Administration. Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is a unique tree species in China, which is native to the arid and cold areas in northern China. It is a pioneer tree species with drought resistance, cold resistance, barren tolerance and high transplant survival rate. This tree is a treasure with great development potential, its kernel is extremely rich in nutrition and has unique advantages: strong adaptability and excellent stress resistance; High output and strong production capacity; There are many ways of appreciation and great development potential; Good market sales and high economic benefits.

At present, the bio-industry is gradually becoming the leading industry in the world, and China is also in a critical period of its development. Using biomass energy such as biodiesel and bioethanol as a substitute for petroleum will become the only way to promote the energy revolution. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the Chinese Academy of Forestry organized the popularization of major woody oil plants in China. The extraction of diesel oil from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge has been successful, and the biodiesel extracted and transformed from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge can be called real green and clean energy.

According to the national "Eleventh Five-Year" development plan, in 2007, 6,543,800 mu of energy forest was planted nationwide, and by 2020, 200 million mu of energy forest will be planted nationwide to produce 6 million tons of biodiesel, which will gradually change China's energy structure and reduce its dependence on oil. Therefore, Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, as the most important energy forest tree species in northern China, has broad development prospects.